Deck 33: The Digestive System

Question 1

The stomach is able to absorb ____.

A) sugars
B) simple proteins
C) water-soluble drugs
D) alcohol
E) nothing

Answer 1

alcohol

Question 2

Also known as the visceral peritoneum, the ____ of the alimentary canal wall secretes serous fluid to keep other organs from sticking to the structures of the alimentary canal.

A) mucosa
B) submucosa
C) muscular layer
D) serosa
E) alimentary layer

Answer 2

serosa

Question 3

Tobacco use is a risk factor for ____.

A) colon cancer
B) stomach cancer
C) liver cancer
D) oral cancer
E) bladder cancer

Answer 3

oral cancer

Question 4

Which organ of the digestive system begins the chemical breakdown of foods?

A) Mouth
B) Pharynx
C) Esophagus
D) Stomach
E) Gallbladder

Question 5

Gerri is a 32-year-old mother of two children who is in the office for a routine annual examination. She tells you that she feels good most of the time, but she has frequent problems with constipation. Which of the following recommendations would help Gerri?

A) "Stop taking any medications that list constipation as a side effect."
B) "Increase the amount of fiber in your diet."
C) "Reduce your daily fluid intake."
D) "Reduce your level of activity when constipation occurs."
E) "Use an enema once or twice a week."

Question 6

The ____ is the main site of nutrient absorption.

A) esophagus
B) stomach
C) small intestine
D) large intestine
E) rectum

Question 7

The esophageal hiatus is the ____.

A) lower section of the esophagus
B) upper section of the esophagus
C) part of the esophagus that connects to the stomach
D) part of the esophagus that connects to the pharynx
E) hole in the diaphragm that the esophagus goes through

Question 8

The physician has determined that Janellyn, a 22-year-old patient, is at risk for cirrhosis of the liver. The physician has asked you to perform patient education to help Janellyn minimize the risk. Which of the following statements might you include in your teaching?

A) "Avoid drinking alcohol."
B) "Wash your hands frequently."
C) "Try to gain a little weight to offset the risk."
D) "Use only over-the-counter drugs when you are ill."
E) "Limit your intake of red meat to no more than twice a week."

Question 9

Which of the following layers of the alimentary canal wall has blood vessels that carry nutrients away?

A) Mucosa
B) Submucosa
C) Muscular layer
D) Serosa
E) Peritoneum

Question 10

The gallbladder ____.

A) is essential to digestion
B) releases bile in response to the hormone cholecystokinin
C) increases the absorption of fatty acids and cholesterol
D) produces the enzymes amylase and lipase
E) stores vitamins and iron

Question 11

Which layer of the wall of the alimentary canal contracts to move materials through the canal?

A) Mucosa
B) Submucosa
C) Muscular layer
D) Serosa
E) Peritoneum

Question 12

The proximal portion of the ____ absorbs water and electrolytes.

A) esophagus
B) stomach
C) small intestine
D) large intestine
E) rectum

Question 13

Which organ of the digestive system connects the mouth and the esophagus?

A) Larynx
B) Pharynx
C) Epiglottis
D) Hiatus
E) Palate

Question 14

Saliva contains an enzyme called ____.

A) amylase
B) trypsin
C) chyme
D) pepsin
E) lactase

Question 15

The epiglottis ____.

A) helps propel food to the esophagus
B) secretes digestive enzymes
C) contains vocal cords
D) covers the airway
E) separates the nasal and oral cavities

Question 16

Larry is a 47-year-old patient who reports several episodes of diarrhea. While taking his history, you discover that his favorite foods are sushi, beef, cabbage, broccoli, and new potatoes. He exercises four times a week at a local gym, when diarrhea does not prevent it. What would you review with him to try to prevent diarrhea in the future?

A) Activity level
B) Fluid intake patterns
C) Food handling practices
D) Duration of his symptoms
E) Personal cleanliness

Question 17

Mr. Beall is an elderly patient who has severe arthritis in both hands. When you ask how he manages the pain, he tells you about taking what seems like a large dose of acetaminophen. You will respond by

A) asking if it relieved his symptoms.
B) explaining that too much acetaminophen could damage his liver.
C) telling him that it is a very safe drug and may be used liberally.
D) telling him he should not take acetaminophen.
E) suggesting that ibuprofen might work better.

Question 18

The palate's main function is to ____.

A) assist in speech
B) destroy bacteria and viruses
C) separate the oral and nasal cavities
D) secrete saliva
E) prevent food from entering the nose during swallowing

Question 19

The ____, which is the innermost layer of the alimentary canal wall, absorbs nutrients.

A) mucosa
B) submucosa
C) muscular layer
D) serosa
E) peritoneum

Question 20

The ____ layer of the alimentary canal wall secretes mucus and enzymes.

A) mucosa
B) submucosa
C) muscular
D) serosa
E) peritoneum

Question 21

Which of the following vitamins is not fat-soluble?

A) Vitamin A
B) Vitamin B6
C) Vitamin D
D) Vitamin K
E) Vitamin E

Question 22

In which of these is food mixed with bile and pancreatic juice?

A) Stomach
B) Small intestine
C) Large intestine
D) Rectum
E) Liver

Question 23

Which of the following uses peristalsis to push food to the stomach?

A) Mouth
B) Pharynx
C) Esophagus
D) Larynx
E) Trachea

Question 24

Which of the following organs of the digestive system secretes acid and enzymes?

A) Esophagus
B) Stomach
C) Small intestine
D) Large intestine
E) Rectum

Question 25

Which statement describes the jejunum?

A) It is directly attached to the large intestine.
B) It forms the majority of the small intestine.
C) It is the beginning of the small intestine.
D) It is C-shaped and short.
E) It passes food on to the duodenum.

Question 26

Which pancreatic enzyme digests protein?

A) Nuclease
B) Pancreatic lipase
C) Pancreatic amylase
D) Maltase
E) Trypsin

Question 27

Which of the following enzymes digests fats in the small intestine?

A) Intestinal lipase
B) Sucrase
C) Nuclease
D) Peptidase
E) Maltase

Question 28

Which of these vitamins is water-soluble?

A) Vitamin A
B) Vitamin C
C) Vitamin D
D) Vitamin K
E) Vitamin E

Question 29

Which of these vitamins is a fat-soluble vitamin?

A) Vitamin C
B) Vitamin E
C) Vitamin B1
D) Vitamin B6
E) Vitamin B12

Question 30

Which vitamin is needed for production of visual receptors?

A) Vitamin A
B) Vitamin B6
C) Vitamin D
D) Vitamin E
E) Vitamin K

Question 31

Which of these enzymes digest sugars in the small intestine?

A) Intestinal lipase and amylase
B) Sucrase, maltase, and lactase
C) Nuclease and amylase
D) Peptidase and nuclease
E) Amylase and lactase

Question 32

Which cells of the stomach secrete hydrochloric acid and the intrinsic factor?

A) Acinar cells
B) Mucous cells
C) Chief cells
D) Parietal cells
E) Serous cells

Question 33

The cells that protect the lining of the stomach are the ____.

A) mucous cells
B) chief cells
C) parietal cells
D) acinar cells
E) serous cells

Question 34

Which vitamin is needed for blood to clot?

A) Vitamin D
B) Vitamin E
C) Vitamin K
D) Niacin
E) Biotin

Question 35

Which of these enzymes digests proteins in the small intestine?

A) Intestinal lipase
B) Sucrase
C) Nuclease
D) Lactase
E) Peptidase

Question 36

Which statement describes the ileum of the small intestine?

A) It is directly attached to the large intestine.
B) It forms the majority of the small intestine.
C) It is C-shaped and short.
D) It is the middle portion of the small intestine.
E) It is at the beginning of the small intestine.

Question 37

Which of these vitamins is not water-soluble?

A) Vitamin C
B) Vitamin E
C) Vitamin B1
D) Vitamin B6
E) Vitamin B12

Question 38

The ____ of the stomach secrete pepsinogen.

A) mucous cells
B) chief cells
C) acinar cells
D) parietal cells
E) serous cells

Question 39

The pancreatic enzyme that digests carbohydrates is ____.

A) nuclease
B) pancreatic lipase
C) pancreatic amylase
D) trypsin
E) maltase

Question 40

____ is the pancreatic enzyme that digests fats.

A) Nuclease
B) Pancreatic lipase
C) Pancreatic amylase
D) Trypsin
E) Maltase

Question 41

Which of the following vitamins is needed for protein synthesis?

A) Vitamin A
B) Vitamin B6
C) Vitamin D
D) Vitamin E
E) Vitamin K

Question 42

The vitamin needed for absorption of calcium is ____.

A) Vitamin A
B) Vitamin B6
C) Vitamin C
D) Vitamin D
E) Vitamin K

Question 43

Letter B on the figure of the digestive system shows the ________.

Question 44

____ is the inflammation of abnormal dilations of the intestinal wall.

A) Crohn's disease
B) Diverticulitis
C) Gastritis
D) Hemorrhoid
E) Cholelithiasis

Question 45

In ____, also called heartburn, stomach acids are pushed into the esophagus.

A) Crohn's disease
B) diverticulitis
C) GERD
D) gastritis
E) colitis

Question 46

Inflammation of the liver is ____.

A) diverticulitis
B) gastritis
C) hepatitis
D) cirrhosis
E) diverticulosis

Question 47

In which of these conditions does the stomach lining become inflamed?

A) Crohn's disease
B) Diverticulitis
C) GERD
D) Gastritis
E) Cholelithiasis

Question 48

Which vitamin is needed for metabolism of fats?

A) Vitamin A
B) Vitamin B6
C) Niacin
D) Folic acid
E) Vitamin K

Question 49

The condition in which distended veins in the rectum or anus become irritated is ____.

A) hemorrhoids
B) diverticulitis
C) gastritis
D) hiatal hernia
E) colitis

Question 50

____ prevents the breakdown of certain tissues.

A) Vitamin A
B) Vitamin B6
C) Vitamin D
D) Vitamin E
E) Vitamin K

Question 51

The ________, which begins the mechanical and chemical breakdown of food, is shown at letter E on the figure of the digestive system.

Question 52

The ________ is shown at letter C on the figure of the digestive system.

Question 53

Which of these is an autoimmune disease?

A) Crohn's disease
B) Diverticulitis
C) Gastritis
D) Hepatitis
E) GERD

Question 54

Letter A on the figure of the digestive system shows the ________.

Question 55

The vitamin needed for production of collagen and absorption of iron is ____.

A) Vitamin A
B) Vitamin B6
C) Vitamin D
D) Vitamin E
E) Vitamin C

Question 56

____ is a chronic liver disease in which normal tissue is replaced with scar tissue.

A) Hepatitis
B) Crohn's disease
C) Diverticulitis
D) GERD
E) Cirrhosis

Question 57

Which of these results from the breakdown of the lining of the stomach?

A) Crohn's disease
B) Gastritis
C) Hiatal hernia
D) Stomach ulcer
E) Colitis

Question 58

Which vitamin is needed for production of DNA and red blood cells?

A) Niacin
B) Vitamin B6
C) Folic acid
D) Vitamin C
E) Cyanocobalamin

Question 59

Which of the following causes the stomach to rise up through the diaphragm?

A) Crohn's disease
B) Diverticulitis
C) Hiatal hernia
D) Stomach ulcer
E) Inguinal hernia

Question 60

Letter D on the figure of the digestive system represents the ________.

Question 61

Letter F on the figure of the digestive system indicates the ________, which connects the mouth with the esophagus.

Question 62

The pancreatic enzymes trypsin, ________, and carboxypeptidase digest proteins.

Question 63

The inflammation of the appendix is called ________.

Question 64

In the nasopharynx, just above the palatine tonsils, are two masses of lymphatic tissue called the pharyngeal tonsils, or _______, that protect the area from bacteria and viruses.

Question 65

The last few centimeters of the rectum are known as the ________.

Question 66

The ________ is shown at letter K on the figure of the digestive system.

Question 67

The ________ sphincter, also known as the esophageal sphincter, controls the movement of food into the stomach.

Question 68

The ________ is shown at letter G on the figure of the digestive system.

Question 69

The ________ colon is the portion of the large intestine that runs up the right side of the abdominal cavity.

Question 70

The pancreatic enzymes trypsin, chymotrypsin, and ________ digest proteins.

Question 71

Letter J on the figure of the digestive system indicates the ________.

Question 72

The beginning of the large intestine is the ________.

Question 73

The substance produced in the liver that is used in the digestion of fats and is stored in the gallbladder is ________.

Question 74

Found in many vegetables, ________ provides fiber or bulk for the large intestine.

Question 75

Pancreatic ________ cells produce pancreatic juice, which ultimately flows through the pancreatic duct to the duodenum.

Question 76

Letter L on the figure of the digestive system refers to the ________.

Question 77

Letter I on the figure of the digestive system shows the ________.

Question 78

Letter H on the figure of the digestive system represents the ________.

Question 79

The mass created in the mouth by food mixed with the saliva and mucus is called a(n) ________.

Question 80

When the ________ passes too quickly through the small intestines, nutrients are not absorbed.