Deck 2: Acids and Bases

Question 1

What is the strongest acid in the following reaction if the equilibrium constant is much less than 0.01?

A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV

Answer 1

III

Question 2

What is the role of water in the following reaction?

A) acid
B) base
C) conjugate acid
D) conjugate base

Answer 2

conjugate base

Question 3

Identify the conjugate acids in the following reactions.

A) I, IV, VI
B) I, III, VI
C) II, IV, V
D) I, III, V

Answer 3

I, III, VI

Question 4

Identify the Arrhenius acids:
I. HCl
II. NaOH
III. HNO₃
IV. Ca(OH)₂

A) I, II
B) I, III, IV
C) II, IV
D) I, III

Question 5

List the bonds in order of decreasing acidity (most to least).

A) I, III, II, IV
B) IV, II, III, I
C) II, III, IV, I
D) I, II, III, IV

Question 6

Which equilibria have equilibrium constants greater than 1.0?

A) II, III
B) I, III, IV
C) III, IV
D) I, II, III

Question 7

Which are acid-base reactions according to Brønsted-Lowry theory?

A) I, III
B) I, II, II, IV
C) I, II, III
D) I, III, IV

Question 8

Which is the stronger base if the equilibrium lies to the right? (Sec. 2.4, HARD)

A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV

Question 9

Which ion is the strongest base?

A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV

Question 10

Identify the conjugate bases in the following reactions.

A) II, III, VI
B) I, IV, V
C) I, III, V
D) II, IV

Question 11

Identify the Arrhenius bases:
I. NH₃
II. NaOH
III. HI
IV. Ca(OH)₂

A) I, II
B) II, IV
C) I, III
D) I, II, IV

Question 12

Which of these has the lowest numerical value of pKa and is therefore the strongest acid?

A) CH₃COOH
B) H₂O
C) NH₄⁺
D) HCl

Question 13

Identify the Brønsted-Lowry acids in the following reactions.

A) I, III,VI, VII
B) II, VI
C) I, IV, V, VIII
D) II, III, V, VIII

Question 14

Which equilibria have equilibrium constants smaller than 1.0?

A) II
B) I, IV
C) III, IV
D) I

Question 15

What is the stronger acid in the following reaction if the equilibrium constant is approximately 10⁸.

A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV

Question 16

Arrange the following species in the order of increasing acidity (weakest to strongest).
I. H₂O
II. H₃O⁺
III. NH₄⁺

A) II, III, I
B) I, II, III
C) III, II, I
D) I, III, II

Question 17

Arrange the following species in order of increasing basicity (weakest to strongest).
I. OH^-
II. Cl^-
III. H₂O
IV. NH₃

A) II, III, IV, I
B) III, I, IV, II
C) IV, I, II, III
D) III, IV, I, II

Question 18

Which statements about acid-base equilibria are true?
I. The pKa is the negative log₁₀ of the acid equilibrium constant.
II. A stronger acid has a pKa with a smaller value than a weaker acid.
III. The stronger the base, the smaller the pKa of its conjugate acid.
IV. The Ka = K [HA].

A) I, III
B) I, II
C) I, II, III
D) II, III, IV

Question 19

Which are acid-base reactions according to the Brønsted-Lowry theory?

A) IV
B) I, III, IV
C) II, III
D) I, IV

Question 20

List the bonds in order of increasing acidity (least to most).

A) II, III, IV, I
B) III, I, II, IV
C) I, IV, II, III
D) IV, III, II, I

Question 21

Identify the acid, base, conjugate acid, conjugate base in the following reaction.

Question 22

Complete the following reaction.

Question 23

Complete the following reaction.

Question 24

What is the role of diethyl ether in the following reaction?

A) Lewis acid
B) Lewis base
C) Brønsted acid
D) Brønsted base

Question 25

The weaker the acid, the ________________ the conjugate base.

Question 26

Complete the following reaction scheme with the appropriate equilibrium arrow (indicating the higher concentrations at equilibrium).

Question 27

The stronger acid has the larger (more positive) pK_a.

Question 28

What is the role of methanol (CH₃OH) in the following reaction?

A) Lewis acid
B) Lewis base
C) Brønsted acid
D) Brønsted base

Question 29

Brønsted-Lowry acids accept protons when reacting.

Question 30

Which are acid-base reactions according to Lewis theory but not according to the Brønsted-Lowry theory?

A) I, II
B) III, IV
C) I, III, IV
D) I, II, III, IV

Question 31

Complete the following reaction.

Question 32

Which is the proper reaction mechanism for the reaction of boron trifluoride and diethyl ether?
Assume that the charges are correct and add electron pairs, if needed. Also consider how many electrons should be in the outer shell of boron trifluoride to make it neutral.

A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV

Question 33

Strong acids have weak conjugate bases.

Question 34

Identify the acid, base, conjugate acid, conjugate base in the following reaction.

Question 35

Complete the following reaction scheme with the appropriate equilibrium arrow (indicating the higher concentrations at equilibrium).

Question 36

Which is the order of increasing acid strength of the following compounds (least first)?

A) I, III, II, IV
B) IV, III, II, I
C) II, I, III, IV
D) IV, III, I, II

Question 37

The higher concentration (reactants or products) at equilibrium will lie on the side of the ___________ acid.

Question 38

Which substances are Lewis bases?
)

A) I, II
B) I, III
C) III, IV
D) I, IV

Question 39

Complete the following reaction.

Question 40

Which is the order of decreasing acid strength of the following compounds (greatest first)?

A) II, I, III, IV
B) III, IV, I, II
C) III, I, II, IV
D) IV, II, I, III

Question 41

The strongest acid in the following list is sodium bicarbonate.

Question 42

The equilibrium constant will be greater than 1.0 for the following reaction

Question 43

Water acts as a Brønsted-Lowry base in the following reaction.

Question 44

Lewis bases donate electrons when reacting.

Question 45

The weakest acid in the following list is acetic acid.

Question 46

Ammonia acts as a Brønsted-Lowry base in the following reaction.

Question 47

The equilibrium constant will be greater than 1.0 for the following reaction