Deck 17: The Foot, Ankle, and Lower Leg

Question 1

The tibia transmits the weight of the body to the fibula.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

The lower leg consists of two bones: ____.

A) the radius and the ulna
B) the sternum and the patella
C) the tarsal and the metatarsal
D) the tibia and the fibula

Answer 2

the tibia and the fibula

Question 3

A lack of fluids in the system may lead to an electrolyte imbalance that causes muscles to cramp.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Each foot has ____ bones.

A) 13
B) 26
C) 52
D) 70

Question 5

It has been estimated that 15% of all sports injuries involve the ligaments, bones, and tendons of the ankle.

Question 6

The best treatment for Achilles tendonitis is ____.

A) aspirin
B) surgery
C) prevention
D) compression

Question 7

____ are injuries to the soft tissues.

A) Splints
B) Cramps
C) Contusions
D) Spurs

Question 8

The intrinsic muscles cause movement of the toes and help support the arches of the foot.

Question 9

Treatment of compartment syndrome does not usually require surgery.

Question 10

Immediate treatment of an ankle sprain consists of ____, rest, ice, compression, and elevation (PRICE).

A) pressure
B) protection
C) painkillers
D) plaster

Question 11

The compartments of the lower leg include the ____ compartment.

A) lateral
B) deep lateral
C) transverse
D) anterior

Question 12

The ____ arch is composed of the calcaneus, talus, cuboid, and the fourth and fifth metatarsals.

A) lateral longitudinal
B) medial longitudinal
C) transverse
D) distal

Question 13

____ are minerals, such as sodium, magnesium, calcium, and potassium, that help the cells to function normally, preventing cramps.

A) Vitamins
B) Electrolytes
C) Steroids
D) Endorphins

Question 14

Achilles tendon ruptures do not occur within the tendon substance itself.

Question 15

The ____ tendon derives its name from a mighty warrior in Greek mythology.

A) Ajax
B) Achilles
C) Odysseus
D) Hercules

Question 16

The Anterior Drawer Test tests the integrity of the calcaneofibular ligament.

Question 17

Most often, the cause of plantar fasciitis is chronic irritation.

Question 18

The fibula is ____.

A) normally fractured by an indirect blow
B) not tender when fractured
C) a weight-bearing bone
D) a lateral stabilizer of the leg

Question 19

Stress fractures are microscopic fractures (deteriorations) in the bone that will eventually lead to a full fracture if left untreated.

Question 20

Contusions occur most often over the knee.

Question 21

Heel ____________________ are a bony growth on the calcaneus that causes painful inflammation of the soft tissues.

Question 22

Match each statement with the correct item below:
medial longitudinal arch

A)composed of the cuneiforms, the cuboid, and the five metatarsal bases
B)highest and most important of the three arches
C)tough bands of tissue that connect bones to each other
D)located outside the foot, in the lower leg
E)can occur on any part of the body where there is friction

Question 23

Match each statement with the correct item below:
Thompson Test

A)tests the integrity of the calcaneofibular ligament
B)test for tarsal tunnel syndrome
C)press on the bottom of the foot to detect pain
D)tests for the achilles tendon
E)pull up from the heel to test for forward movement of the foot

Question 24

A(n) ____________________ is a sudden, involuntary contraction of a muscle.

Question 25

Match each statement with the correct item below:
plantar fascia test

A)tests the integrity of the calcaneofibular ligament
B)test for tarsal tunnel syndrome
C)press on the bottom of the foot to detect pain
D)tests for the achilles tendon
E)pull up from the heel to test for forward movement of the foot

Question 26

Match each statement with the correct item below:
extrinsic muscles

A)composed of the cuneiforms, the cuboid, and the five metatarsal bases
B)highest and most important of the three arches
C)tough bands of tissue that connect bones to each other
D)located outside the foot, in the lower leg
E)can occur on any part of the body where there is friction

Question 27

Match each statement with the correct item below:
anterior drawer test

A)tests the integrity of the calcaneofibular ligament
B)test for tarsal tunnel syndrome
C)press on the bottom of the foot to detect pain
D)tests for the achilles tendon
E)pull up from the heel to test for forward movement of the foot

Question 28

The three arches of the foot are the ____________________ arch, the medial longitudinal arch, and the lateral longitudinal arch.

Question 29

Match each statement with the correct item below:
ligaments

A)composed of the cuneiforms, the cuboid, and the five metatarsal bases
B)highest and most important of the three arches
C)tough bands of tissue that connect bones to each other
D)located outside the foot, in the lower leg
E)can occur on any part of the body where there is friction

Question 30

Match each statement with the correct item below:
Tinel's Sign

A)tests the integrity of the calcaneofibular ligament
B)test for tarsal tunnel syndrome
C)press on the bottom of the foot to detect pain
D)tests for the achilles tendon
E)pull up from the heel to test for forward movement of the foot

Question 31

The ____________________ is a wide, nonelastic ligamentous tissue that extends from the anterior portion of the calcaneus to the heads of the metatarsals, supplying support to the longitudinal arch of the foot.

Question 32

Medial tibial stress syndrome, or ____________________ as it is often known, is a catchall term for pain that occurs below the knee either on the front outside part of the leg or on the inside of the leg.

Question 33

In a(n) ____________________-degree sprain, one or more ligaments have been completely torn, resulting in joint instability.

Question 34

Match each statement with the correct item below:
transverse arch

A)composed of the cuneiforms, the cuboid, and the five metatarsal bases
B)highest and most important of the three arches
C)tough bands of tissue that connect bones to each other
D)located outside the foot, in the lower leg
E)can occur on any part of the body where there is friction

Question 35

The most common leg strains occur to the ____________________ muscles.

Question 36

Match each statement with the correct item below:
Talar Tilt Test

A)tests the integrity of the calcaneofibular ligament
B)test for tarsal tunnel syndrome
C)press on the bottom of the foot to detect pain
D)tests for the achilles tendon
E)pull up from the heel to test for forward movement of the foot

Question 37

____________________ may develop whenever there is swelling within one or more of the four compartments of the lower leg.

Question 38

The ankle joint is actually formed by a combination of two joints: the talocrural joint and the ____________________ joint.

Question 39

Match each statement with the correct item below:
blisters

A)composed of the cuneiforms, the cuboid, and the five metatarsal bases
B)highest and most important of the three arches
C)tough bands of tissue that connect bones to each other
D)located outside the foot, in the lower leg
E)can occur on any part of the body where there is friction

Question 40

____________________ tunnel syndrome is an entrapment of the tibial nerve as it runs through the inside aspect of the foot and ankle.