Question 1

The ileum and jejunum are suspended by folds of the peritoneum known as the _____ that contains an extensive vascular and nervous network.&#10;A) Myenteric plexus&#10;B) Mesentery&#10;C) Auerbach fold&#10;D) Meissner plexus

Accepted Answer

The ileum and jejunum are suspended in loose folds from the posterior abdominal wall by a peritoneal membrane called the mesentery.
Intrinsic motor innervation is mediated by the myenteric plexus (Auerbach plexus)and the submucosal plexus (Meissner plexus).
Intrinsic motor innervation is mediated by the myenteric plexus (Auerbach plexus)and the submucosal plexus (Meissner plexus).
Intrinsic motor innervation is mediated by the myenteric plexus (Auerbach plexus)and the submucosal plexus (Meissner plexus).

Question 2

Absorption of nutrients from the intestine occurs initially through the:&#10;A) Mesentery&#10;B) Villi&#10;C) Lamina propria&#10;D) Splenic veins

Accepted Answer

Villi are small finger-like projections that extend from the small intestinal mucosa and increase its absorptive surface area.
The ileum and jejunum are suspended in loose folds from the posterior abdominal wall by a peritoneal membrane called the mesentery.
The lamina propria (a connective tissue layer of the mucous membrane)lies beneath the epithelial cells of the villi and contains lymphocytes and plasma cells,which produce immunoglobulins.
The splenic vein drains the stomach and is not involved in absorption.

Question 3

The vermiform appendix is attached to the:&#10;A) Duodenum&#10;B) Ileum&#10;C) Cecum&#10;D) Sigmoid colon

Accepted Answer

The vermiform appendix is attached to the cecum.
The vermiform appendix is attached to the cecum,not the duodenum.
The vermiform appendix is attached to the cecum,not the ileum.
The vermiform appendix is attached to the cecum,not the sigmoid.

Question 4

The nursing student is teaching a class to second graders.The student would correctly identify that food moves down the esophagus via the process termed:&#10;A) Peristalsis&#10;B) Retropulsion&#10;C) Haustral segmentation&#10;D) Defecation

Accepted Answer

Swallowed food is moved from the esophagus to the stomach by peristalsis.
Swallowed food is moved by peristalsis,not retropulsion.
Swallowed food is moved by peristalsis; haustral segmentation occurs in the small intestine.
Swallowed food is moved by peristalsis; defecation is the process of eliminating stool from the rectum.

Question 5

The colon receives splanchnic blood flow from which artery(ies)?&#10;A) Celiac&#10;B) Superior and inferior mesenteric&#10;C) Hepatic and portal&#10;D) Omental

Accepted Answer

The blood supply of the large intestine and rectum is derived primarily from branches of the superior and inferior mesenteric arteries.
The blood supply of the large intestine and rectum is derived primarily from branches of the superior and inferior mesenteric arteries,not the celiac.
The blood supply of the large intestine and rectum is derived primarily from branches of the superior and inferior mesenteric arteries,not the hepatic or portal.
The blood supply of the large intestine and rectum is derived primarily from branches of the superior and inferior mesenteric arteries,not the omental.

Question 6

The ________ sphincter controls the movement of chyme from the sigmoid colon into the rectum?&#10;A) Oddi&#10;B) Ileocecal&#10;C) O'Beirne&#10;D) Internal anal

Accepted Answer

The O'Beirne sphincter controls the movement of wastes from the sigmoid colon into the rectum.
The O'Beirne sphincter,not the Oddi sphincter,controls the movement of wastes from the sigmoid colon into the rectum.
The O'Beirne sphincter,not the ileocecal sphincter,controls the movement of wastes from the sigmoid colon into the rectum.
The O'Beirne sphincter,not the internal anal sphincter,controls the movement of wastes from the sigmoid colon into the rectum.

Question 7

Which reflex inhibits gastric motility when the ileum becomes overdistended?&#10;A) Ileogastric&#10;B) Gastroduodenal&#10;C) Gastroileal&#10;D) Colonointestinal

Accepted Answer

The ileogastric reflex inhibits gastric motility when the ileum becomes distended.
The ileogastric reflex,not the gastroduodenal,inhibits gastric motility when the ileum becomes distended.
The ileogastric reflex,not he gastroileal,inhibits gastric motility when the ileum becomes distended.
The ileogastric reflex,not the colonointestinal,inhibits gastric motility when the ileum becomes distended.

Question 8

Digested fats are primarily absorbed into the:&#10;A) Lacteals&#10;B) Central arterioles&#10;C) Lamina propria&#10;D) Villus capillaries

Accepted Answer

Digested fats move into the lacteals and eventually reach the liver through the systemic circulation.
Digested fats move into the lacteals and eventually reach the liver through the systemic circulation.They are not absorbed by central arterioles.
Digested fats move into the lacteals and eventually reach the liver through the systemic circulation.They are not absorbed by the lamina propria.
Digested fats move into the lacteals and eventually reach the liver through the systemic circulation.They are not absorbed by the villus capillaries.

Question 9

A new drug is being tested that is known to inhibit parasympathetic nervous system activity.It is expected that the salivary glands will become:&#10;A) Hyperactive&#10;B) Hypoactive&#10;C) Atrophied&#10;D) Enlarged

Accepted Answer

Inhibition of the parasympathetic nervous system would result in decreased (hypoactive)functions of the salivary glands.The individual would experience dry mouth.
The glands would be hypoactive,not hyperactive.
The gland would become hypoactive,but would not atrophy.
The gland would become hypoactive; it would not enlarge.

Question 10

Which sphincter prevents reflux of digested material from the colon into the small intestine?&#10;A) Haustral&#10;B) Lower esophageal&#10;C) Pyloric&#10;D) Ileocecal valve

Accepted Answer

The ileocecal valve prevents reflux of digested material from the colon into the small intestine.
The haustral segments facilitate propulsion; they do not prevent reflux.
Lower esophageal prevents reflux from the stomach to the esophagus.
The pylorus is the opening between the stomach and the duodenum.

Question 11

The patient asks how the GI system works.The nurse would identify that autonomic and hormonal control are involved in GI motility and:&#10;A) Defecation&#10;B) Swallowing&#10;C) Mastication&#10;D) Digestive enzyme secretion

Accepted Answer

The answer of The patient asks how the GI system...

Question 12

Mucus production to form the mucosal barrier in the stomach is stimulated by the release of:&#10;A) Somatostatin&#10;B) Gastrin&#10;C) Prostaglandins&#10;D) Histamine

Accepted Answer

The answer of Mucus production to form the mucosal barrier...

Question 13

The nursing faculty is discussing digestion and indicates it begins in the mouth with salivary   -amylase (ptyalin)that initiates the digestion of:&#10;A) Proteins&#10;B) Carbohydrates&#10;C) Fats&#10;D) Amino acids

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nursing faculty is discussing digestion and...

Question 14

A young male student becomes very hungry during class.He begins thinking of a cheeseburger and fries,his favorite meal.These thoughts will trigger which phase of gastric secretion?&#10;A) Cephalic&#10;B) Caudal&#10;C) Enteral&#10;D) Intestinal

Accepted Answer

The answer of A young male student becomes very hungry...

Question 15

For the patient experiencing esophageal reflux,the nurse would expect which sphincter to be malfunctioning?&#10;A) Pyloric&#10;B) Lower esophageal&#10;C) Upper esophageal&#10;D) Gastric

Accepted Answer

The answer of For the patient experiencing esophageal reflux,the nurse...

Question 16

Which of the following liver cells are phagocytic?&#10;A) Glisson&#10;B) Kupffer&#10;C) Meissner&#10;D) Lieberk&#252;hn&#10;W

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following liver cells are...

Question 17

The chemist analyzing a sample of normal saliva would expect it to reveal which immunoglobulin?&#10;A) IgG&#10;B) IgD&#10;C) IgE&#10;D) IgA

Accepted Answer

The answer of The chemist analyzing a sample of normal...

Question 18

The capillaries of the liver are more commonly known as hepatic:&#10;A) Canaliculi&#10;B) Ducts&#10;C) Sinusoids&#10;D) Papillae

Accepted Answer

The answer of The capillaries of the liver are more...

Question 19

Which cells of the gastric glands secrete hydrochloric acid?&#10;A) Chief&#10;B) Parietal&#10;C) Zymogenic&#10;D) Surface epithelial

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which cells of the gastric glands secrete...

Question 20

The _____ reflex initiates propulsion in the entire colon,usually during or immediately after eating.&#10;A) Gastrocolic&#10;B) Ileocolic&#10;C) Duodenocolic&#10;D) Cephalocolic

Accepted Answer

The answer of The _____ reflex initiates propulsion in the...

Question 21

The patient asks the student to explain what the gastrointestinal (GI)tract actually does.The student would be correct in telling the patient the GI tract performs which of the following processes? (Select all that apply.)

A) Absorption of digested food
B) Chemical breakdown of food particles
C) Erythropoiesis
D) Mechanical breakdown of food particles
E) Secretion of mucus

Accepted Answer

The answer of The patient asks the student to explain...

Question 22

Which information indicates the nurse understands digestion? During the cephalic and gastric phases of digestion,gallbladder contraction is mediated by branches of the:&#10;A) Sympathetic nervous system&#10;B) Somatic nervous system&#10;C) Vagus nerve&#10;D) Glossopharyngeal nerve

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which information indicates the nurse understands digestion?...

Question 23

The function of the acinar cells of the pancreas is to secrete:&#10;A) Bicarbonate&#10;B) Enzymes&#10;C) Mucus&#10;D) Electrolytes

Accepted Answer

The answer of The function of the acinar cells of...

Question 24

Parasympathetic stimulation to the pancreas will cause which of the following reactions?&#10;A) Hormonal inhibition&#10;B) Enzyme secretion&#10;C) Vasoconstriction&#10;D) Decreased bicarbonate production

Accepted Answer

The answer of Parasympathetic stimulation to the pancreas will cause...

Question 25

The exocrine portion of the pancreas contains:&#10;A) Alpha cells&#10;B) Beta cells&#10;C) Ducts&#10;D) Islets of Langerhans

Accepted Answer

The answer of The exocrine portion of the pancreas contains:&#10;A)...

Question 26

In the liver,free bilirubin moves from the plasma in the sinusoids into the hepatocytes,where it is converted into:&#10;A) Unconjugated bilirubin&#10;B) Biliverdin&#10;C) Conjugated bilirubin&#10;D) Urobilinogen

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the liver,free bilirubin moves from the...

Question 27

Which sphincter,when it relaxes,allows bile to flow into the duodenum?&#10;A) Pyloric sphincter&#10;B) Sphincter of Oddi&#10;C) Ampulla of Vater&#10;D) Ileocecal valve

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which sphincter,when it relaxes,allows bile to flow...

Question 28

The pancreas produces which substance to prevent the premature activation of proteolytic enzymes in the pancreas?&#10;A) Bicarbonate&#10;B) Carboxypeptidase&#10;C) Secretin&#10;D) Trypsin inhibitor

Accepted Answer

The answer of The pancreas produces which substance to prevent...

Question 29

A 70-year-old male reports frequent GI problems.His primary care provider explains that during aging many GI processes decrease,including (select all that apply):&#10;A) Gastric juice secretion&#10;B) Gallbladder function&#10;C) Hepatic regeneration&#10;D) Efficiency of drug metabolism&#10;E) Mucosal barrier protection

Accepted Answer

The answer of A 70-year-old male reports frequent GI problems.His...

Question 30

The primary bile acids are synthesized from _______ by hepatocytes lining the bile canaliculi.&#10;A) Lecithin&#10;B) Fatty acids&#10;C) Cholesterol&#10;D) Testosterone

Accepted Answer

The answer of The primary bile acids are synthesized from...

Deck 33: Structure and Function of the Digestive System