Deck 17: Social Structure and Personality Glossary  References Index 

Question 1

Malik works as an operating room nurse.As one of a few male nurses among a largely female workforce, Malik is likely to experience ____________.

A)More promotions than his female co-workers
B)No sexual harassment from the male doctors in the unit
C)More interruptions in his career compared to his female co-workers
D)All of the above

Answer 1

More promotions than his female co-workers

Question 2

Craft and participatory systems are associated with greater job satisfaction than direct supervision systems of work.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT one of Schwarz's values?

A)Hedonism
B)Purity
C)Universalism
D)Security

Answer 3

Purity

Question 4

PTSD following the 9/11 terrorist attacks was highest among people with higher socioeconoimc status (income and education).

Question 5

Which of the following helps explain gender-based occupational segregation?

A)Innate differences in men's and women's abilities
B)Differences in levels of educational attainment
C)Differences in the size of social networks
D)All of the above

Question 6

Which of the following systems of production is associated with lowest job satisfaction and least amount of pride in one's work?

A)Craft
B)Bureaucratic
C)Participatory
D)Direct supervision

Question 7

Whenever Betty has a stressful day at work, she finds herself getting angry with her spouse.This is an example of _____________.

A)Reverse demand
B)Occupational hazard
C)A cumulative stressor
D)Spillover

Question 8

Lou's job on an assembly line is boring and allows him no control over his work hours, tasks, or employment conditions.These conditions are likely to directly lead to _____________.

A)Alcoholism
B)Autonomy
C)Self-estrangement
D)Work-family conflict

Question 9

People with aggressive, competitive personalities are more prone to heart disease than people who are less aggressive and competitive.

Question 10

Although a source of stress, friends and family can be a coping resource because they provide ________________.

A)Emotional support
B)Esteem support
C)Strategies to cope with stressors
D)All of the above

Question 11

Jade is a transwoman who experiences microaggressions in her jobs.Which of the following is an example of a microaggression?

A)Jade hid that she was transgender while serving in the military in the 1990s, due to the military's policies at the time
B)A co-worker joked to Jade that she wouldn't be a "real woman" until she had "the surgery"
C)A boss fired Jade upon learning that she was transgender
D)The HR manager asked employees in a meeting, including Jade, to introduce themselves and state their pronouns

Question 12

Which aspect(s) of jobs is associated with increased risk of heart attack?

A)Lack of control
B)Intellectual demand
C)Solitary work
D)B and C

Question 13

Of the individuals below, who has the densest social network?

A)Jose, whose family, friends and co-workers all know each other
B)Caitlin, whose has extremely close relationships with the people in her network
C)Hope, whose family members are also her closest friends and co-workers
D)Peter, who has the fewest number of people in his network

Question 14

Social and political issues in the 1960s and 70s, such as civil rights, the Vietnam War, and the Watergate political scandal were associated with increases of _____________.

A)Generalized economic hardship
B)Generalized powerlessness
C)Self-estrangement at work
D)Marital conflict

Question 15

Juan's job as a college professor is generally unsupervised, involves complex tasks and very little routine work.Mario's job as a factory worker is closely supervised, involves simple tasks and highly routine work.According to research on values and occupation, Juan is more likely to value _____________whereas Mario is more likely to value _____________.

A)Neatness; curiosity
B)Obedience; benevolence
C)Benevolence; tradition
D)Curiosity; obedience

Question 16

Chezarea works full-time, attends night classes to receive an accounting degree, cares for her terminally ill father, and volunteers on the weekends for a mental health hotline.She is often exhausted, late to commitments, and low on money.She is experiencing ______________.

A)Alienation
B)Self-estrangement
C)Role overload
D)Spillover

Question 17

Networks with weak ties are more helpful in job advancement than networks with strong ties.

Question 18

According to research, stressful life events affect physical health more than cumulative or chronic stress.

Question 19

In terms of its social structure, the United States is best characterized as having _____________.

A)A caste system
B)Some amount of social mobility
C)A High degree of social mobility
D)A class-free society

Question 20

In a country where men and women both place high value on benevolence, universalism, self-direction, hedonism and stimulation, which scenario most likely describes the gender dynamics in that country?

A)Men and women experience gender equality, relative to other countries
B)Women are more powerful than men, relative to other countries
C)Men are more powerful than women, relative to other countries
D)Gender is no longer a concept in the country

Question 21

Describe the three characteristics of work that explain the relationship between occupational role and individual values; be sure to describe what values those characteristics link up to.

Question 22

Married individuals are less likely to die prematurely than non-married individuals.

Question 23

Rates of mental illness in the U.S.are higher among lower-status and Black individuals.

Question 24

Generalized sense of powerlessness is significantly higher among lower social class individuals than upper social class individuals.

Question 25

Women's workplace satisfaction increases as proportion of men in the occupation decreases.

Question 26

What is spillover and what are the implications of work stress and behaviors for one's home life?

Question 27

How do occupational factors and personality traits relate to coronary heart disease?

Question 28

African-Americans and Caribbean Blacks have substantially higher rates of chronic major depressive disorder.

Question 29

Job segregation and homophilous social networks provide white men on the job market an advantage over women and racial minorities.

Question 30

Men in women-dominated workforces experience a "glass escalator" in that they miss out on promotions and raises.

Question 31

Marquez is wealthier and better educated than Dominic.Studies suggest that Marquez would be less likely to value intellectual flexibility than Dominic.

Question 32

What is occupational segregation in terms of gender and how does it influence women's upward mobility?

Question 33

People with the lowest and the highest education attainment levels have similar death rates.

Question 34

Occupational segregation refers to the tendency for employees to associate more with members of their own ethnicity or race during work hours.

Question 35

What is self-estrangement? Describe the ideal work/occupational conditions with respect to preventing self-estrangement.