Deck 8: Patterns of Life: Biogeography

Question 1

Domestication occurs when people change the genetic structure of an organism.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

All non-native species are destructive.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

There is usually only one common name for any given organism.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Scientists see most vegetation communities as climax communities that rarely change.

Question 5

The fire-return interval for the forests of the Pacific Northwest is higher than the fire-return interval for grasslands of the Great Plains.

Question 6

The monarch butterfly caterpillar is a generalist.

Question 7

The removal of a keystone species from an ecosystem can create ecological disturbance.

Question 8

The coconut is a plant that has been domesticated by people.

Question 9

Scientists have named and identified 1.7 million different species.

Question 10

Photosynthetic organisms include bacteria, algae, and plants.

Question 11

Taxonomy is the science of classifying organisms based on their appearance.

Question 12

Intra-range dispersal is usually lethal.

Question 13

The cattle egret is an example of both invasion and natural colonization.

Question 14

A habitat refers to the resources a species requires.

Question 15

All biogeographic regions are separated by biogeographic transition zones.

Question 16

Most mammals are generalists.

Question 17

A group of individuals that can interbreed and produce sterile offspring would be considered all the same species.

Question 18

Seeds dispersed by the wind are called anemochores.

Question 19

Plants that go to seed and then die each year are called annuals.

Question 20

Herbivory is a form of predation.

Question 21

Most trophic systems are composed of food chains rather than food webs.

Question 22

Allen's rule observes that appendage length decreases farther south in response to warm temperatures.

Question 23

An ecological niche refers to where a species lives.

Question 24

The addition of a non-native species to an ecosystem can create ecological disturbance.

Question 25

The 10% rule states that only about 10% of available energy passes up to the next higher trophic level.

Question 26

Long-distance dispersal to remote islands is called sweepstakes dispersal.

Question 27

Biomass is the dried weight of living material.

Question 28

The degree of competition among organisms depends on how similar their niches are.

Question 29

Sciophytes are shade-tolerant plants.

Question 30

An omnivore occupies more than one trophic level in its ecosystem.

Question 31

A bat is more closely related to a whale than it is to a bird.

Question 32

Mountain ranges are dispersal barriers for all organisms.

Question 33

Coconuts cannot successfully establish north or south of about 26 degrees latitude.

Question 34

Dispersal is the movement of organisms away from where they originated.

Question 35

Non-native organisms are those that have been taken outside their original geographic range by people.

Question 36

Extinction is the permanent and global loss of a species.

Question 37

Almost 25% of all known species are beetles.

Question 38

The species-area curve states that larger areas tend to have fewer species than smaller areas.

Question 39

Hawai'i has a particularly serious problem with non-native organisms because of its extreme geographic isolation.

Question 40

The Nile perch is native to Lake Victoria.

Question 41

What group of plants produces cones and seeds, and reproduce with pollen?

A)bryophytes
B)pteridophytes
C)gymnosperms
D)angiosperms

Question 42

Taxonomy uses __________ traits to form groups of related organisms.

A)homologous
B)analogous
C)superficial
D)obvious

Question 43

According to these maps, bird biodiversity is highest in __________.

A)South America
B)Africa
C)Southeast Asia
D)North America

Question 44

According to the graph, approximately how many species does Hispaniola have?

A)1
B)10
C)100
D)1,000

Question 45

A species that is found on every continent is called __________.

A)endemic
B)cosmopolitan
C)a predator
D)a mesophyte

Question 46

The process of __________ creates new species.

A)migration
B)speciation
C)extinction
D)dispersal

Question 47

An organism that keeps a constant body temperature is called __________.

A)ectothermic
B)a consumer
C)endothermic
D)a heliophyte

Question 48

Small islands that are geographically isolated from the mainland and have no neighboring islands are colonized through what means of dispersal?

A)waif
B)sweepstakes
C)stepping-stones
D)corridor

Question 49

__________ is the evolutionary process in which two or more unrelated organisms evolve to look alike.

A)Divergent evolution
B)Extinction
C)Migration
D)Convergent evolution

Question 50

An organism whose body temperature is roughly equal to the temperature of the environment is called __________.

A)ectothermic
B)a consumer
C)endothermic
D)a heliophyte

Question 51

According to these maps, amphibian biodiversity is highest in _____________?

A)South America
B)Africa
C)Southeast Asia
D)North America

Question 52

An organism that consumes carrion is a __________.

A)detritivore
B)scavenger
C)decomposer
D)primary producer

Question 53

A __________ grows submerged in water.

A)mesophyte
B)hydrophyte
C)xerophyte
D)sciophyte

Question 54

The coconut was brought to Hawai'i in about __________.

A)1500 BCE
B)900 BCE
C)900 CE
D)1000 CE

Question 55

What group of plants possesses woody tissue and reproduce with spores?

A)bryophytes
B)pteridophytes
C)gymnosperms
D)angiosperms

Question 56

An herbivore occupies only one trophic level in its ecosystem.

Question 57

Which biogeographic region is North America in?

A)the Palearctic
B)the Nearctic
C)the Neotropical
D)the Ethiopian

Question 58

Which disperses actively?

A)a blackberry
B)an acorn
C)a salamander
D)a coconut

Question 59

__________ is chemical competition found only in plants.

A)Allelopathy
B)Intraspecific competition
C)Infraspecific competition
D)Physical shading

Question 60

In Lake Victoria, about three hundred species of cichlid fish went extinct due to

A)pollution and non-native Nile perch.
B)overfishing.
C)water withdrawals from the lake by people.
D)climate change.

Question 61

An earthworm is a __________.

A)detritivore
B)scavenger
C)decomposer
D)primary producer

Question 62

In the process of photosynthesis, plants take in water and __________ from the atmosphere.

A)sugar
B)oxygen
C)carbon dioxide
D)sunlight

Question 63

_____________ allow unrestricted movement between habitats

A)Biogeographic corridors
B)Biogeographic filters
C)Stepping stones
D)Biogeographic barriers

Question 64

A coyote often functions as a __________.

A)detritivore
B)scavenger
C)decomposer
D)primary producer

Question 65

The study of the geography of life and how it changes through space and time refers to what key term?

A)biogeography
B)biodiversity
C)migration
D)ecology

Question 66

An organism that consumes only plants is a __________.

A)primary producer
B)primary consumer
C)secondary consumer
D)tertiary consumer

Question 67

The study of interactions between organisms and their environment refers to what key term?

A)biogeography
B)biodiversity
C)ecology
D)migration

Question 68

Which is most likely to create primary succession?

A)a large volcanic eruption
B)a surface fire
C)a hurricane
D)an insect outbreak

Question 69

Which term does not apply to the North American gray wolf?

A)predator
B)keystone species
C)detritivore
D)carnivore

Question 70

A __________ consists of different populations of organisms interacting in a geographic area.

A)biome
B)community
C)individual
D)population

Question 71

When one species depends on another for survival, it is called a(n) __________.

A)facultative mutualist
B)mutualist
C)competitor
D)obligate mutualist

Question 72

What group of plants has no woody tissue and reproduces with spores?

A)bryophytes
B)pteridophytes
C)gymnosperms
D)angiosperms

Question 73

What biogeographic transition zone separates the Ethiopian and the Palearctic biogeographic regions?

A)the Sonoran Desert
B)the Sahara Desert
C)the Pacific Ocean
D)the Atlantic Ocean

Question 74

__________ are based on movement of energy and matter through physical systems.

A)Ecological systems
B)Trophic systems
C)Spatial systems
D)Taxonomic systems

Question 75

Phytoplankton are __________.

A)primary producers
B)primary consumers
C)secondary consumers
D)tertiary consumers

Question 76

The yellow-eared parrot provides an example of __________.

A)an endemic organism
B)a cosmopolitan organism
C)competition
D)mutualism

Question 77

According to the graph, approximately how many square kilometers is the island of Montserrat?

A)10
B)100
C)1,000
D)10,000

Question 78

Frogs and salamanders are examples of what?

A)mammals
B)reptiles
C)amphibians
D)fishes

Question 79

Which disperses passively?

A)a drifting seed
B)a flying bat
C)a swimming fish
D)a walking elephant

Question 80

Which sequence lists the spatial hierarchy in the correct order?

A)individual-population-biome-community
B)population-individual-community-biome
C)individual-population-community-biome
D)community-individual-population-biome