Deck 13: Youth Violence

Question 1

The most common forms of victimization in all schools are property offenses and

A) non-serious forms of assault
B) theft
C) aggravated assault
D) motor vehicle theft

Answer 1

A

Question 2

In December 2012, a particularly disturbing shooting occurred at what elementary school that resulted in 20 students and 6 adults being killed.

A) Columbine
B) Aurora
C) Virginia Tech
D) Sandy Hook

Answer 2

D

Question 3

The use of instructional methods to increase student engagement in the learning process, including cooperative and experiential learning is referred to as:

A) class setting
B) class management
C) building school capacity
D) setting norms

Answer 3

B

Question 4

This focus on youth gangs in the fifties and sixties led to the production of which classic criminological work

A) Cohen (1955)
B) Miller (1958)
C) Cloward and Ohlin (1960)
D) all of the above

Question 5

Among juvenile arrestees, males account for approximately 81 percent of violent crime arrests

Question 6

Physically harming a person or making fun of, excluding, and/or spreading rumors about a person repeatedly over time, where the victims do not have equal strength or power to the offender is referred to as:

A) hazing
B) rite of passage
C) bullying
D) assault

Question 7

Schools that reorganized classes or grades to create smaller learning units or different mixes of students is an example of:

A) regrouping of schools
B) building school capacity
C) setting norms
D) class setting

Question 8

A recent trend has been to adopt a _______ model of examining risk and protective factors associated with gang joining.

A) risk terrain
B) public health
C) multilevel
D) none of the above

Question 9

School shootings have received considerable media attention since the Columbine massacre in 1999.

Question 10

This criminologist work with gangs laid the foundation for the creation of National Gang Center.

A) Dennis Miller
B) Larry Miller
C) Walter Miller
D) Jody Miller

Question 11

According to Thrasher and Klein (1971) any denotable adolescent group of youngsters who (a) are generally perceived as a distinct aggregation by others in their neighborhood, (b) recognize themselves as a denotable group (almost invariably with a group name), and (c) have been involved in a sufficient number of delinquent incidents to call forth a consistent negative response from neighborhood residents and/or law enforcement agencies is referred to as a:

A) fraternity
B) mob
C) posse
D) gang

Question 12

The majority of studies find that _______ experience higher rates of involvement in bullying incidents than do _______.

A) boys; girls
B) girls; boys
C) whites; blacks
D) poor kids; rich kids

Question 13

Attempting to reduce problem behaviors by addressing organizational characteristics of a school is referred to as:

A) Individual change strategies
B) environmental criminology
C) CPTED
D) Environmental change strategies

Question 14

The rate of youth violence has fallen to historical lows since.

A) 1990
B) 2000
C) 1993
D) 1980

Question 15

Programs or strategies that instruct students, strive to change behavior patterns, employ counselors to work with individual students, engage students as peer mentors, or introduce recreational after-school programs are referred to as:

A) student change strategies
B) environmental change strategies
C) individual change strategies
D) none of the above

Question 16

Since 1980, juvenile violent crime, measured by both arrests and victim reports, decreased until reaching a low in 1993-94 and then steadily grew through 2012

Question 17

According to the UCR data, offenders under the age of 18 accounted for approximately _______ percent of all violent crime arrests in 2012.

A) 12
B) 22
C) 30
D) 5

Question 18

DARE is an example of:

A) individual change strategy
B) failed resistance program
C) regrouping of schools
D) none of the above

Question 19

A key source of data on youth violence that provides a wealth of information about correlates of youth violence and actual behavior.

A) UCR
B) NCVS
C) NIBRS
D) self-report studies

Question 20

Sending, posting, or sharing negative, harmful, false, or mean content about someone else using cell phones, tablets, or computers is called:

A) techbullying
B) cyberbullying
C) bullybooking
D) meantwitter

Question 21

In addition to the violence associated with youth, the 1990s also brought renewed interest to the topic of youth gangs

Question 22

Bullying does not necessarily have to include physical contact.

Question 23

Research suggests that bullying is more likely to take place in upper grades and tends to be least experienced in lower grades.

Question 24

School shootings such as those at Columbine and Sandy Hook have received considerable media attention resulting in schools becoming more violent places since the early 1990s.

Question 25

Racial/ethnic minorities experience higher rates of school victimizations.

Question 26

Making fun of an individual and excluding and/or making fun of them constitute bullying

Question 27

Consequences for the bullied individual include low self-esteem, depression and anxiety, and avoidance behavior

Question 28

Nikolas Cruz is responsible for the deadliest school shooting in American history at Stoneman Douglass High School in Parkland, Florida in 2018.

Question 29

With the advent of social media, bullying has been extended to include harmful messages and pictures shown on phones, tablets, and computers.

Question 30

Relatively speaking, few children are killed on school property in a given year.