Deck 20: Therapeutic Agents for the Cardiovascular System

Question 1

Excessive salt intake can cause:

A) Edema
B) Decreased blood pressure
C) Dehydration
D) B and C

Answer 1

Edema

Question 2

The only artery(ies) that carry(ies) deoxygenated blood is(are) the:

A) Aorta
B) Coronary arteries
C) Pulmonary arteries
D) Carotid arteries

Answer 2

Pulmonary arteries

Question 3

Which classification of medications is not used in the treatment of hyperlipidemia?

A) Diuretics
B) Bile acid sequestrants
C) Fibrates
D) Statins

Answer 3

Diuretics

Question 4

Which of the following is not a form of angina?

A) Variant
B) Respiratory
C) Classic
D) Unstable

Question 5

The common generic ending -pril is associated with:

A) ACE inhibitors
B) ARBs
C) ( $\beta$ -blockers)
D) Calcium channel blockers

Question 6

A myocardial infarction (MI) is also known as:

A) High blood pressure
B) Elevated heart rate
C) Gas caught in the heart chambers
D) Heart attack

Question 7

One benefit of selective $\beta$ 1 blockers over non-selective $\beta$ -blockers is:

A) Selective $\beta$ 1 blockers decrease blood pressure
B) Selective $\beta$ 1 blockers constrict the bronchi
C) Selective $\beta$ 1 blockers can be used with patients with asthma
D) Both B and C are benefits of selective $\beta$ 1 blockers

Question 8

$\beta$ -blockers share which one of the following endings?

A) -pam
B) -pril
C) -statin
D) -lol

Question 9

The difference between ACE inhibitors and ARBs is :

A) Only ACE inhibitors are used for hypertension
B) ACE inhibitors stop the production of angiotensin II, and ARBs inhibit the effects of angiotensin II
C) Only ARBS are used for hypertension
D) None of the above answers apply

Question 10

Blood pressure:

A) Is the force exerted by the blood against the inner walls of the blood vessels
B) Is recorded as systolic pressure and diastolic pressure
C) Measures the pressure of contraction and the pressure of relaxation
D) All of the above are characteristics of blood pressure

Question 11

The initial drug treatment for hypertension is typically a(n):

A) Thiazide diuretic
B) ( $\beta$ -blocker)
C) ACE inhibitor
D) ARB

Question 12

Which of the following is not a statin?

A) Zocor
B) Pravachol
C) Zetia
D) Lipitor

Question 13

Which of the following is(are) considered "good" cholesterol?

A) Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)
B) High-density lipoprotein (HDL)
C) Very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL)
D) A and C

Question 14

A person with hypotension could experience which of the following:

A) Sweating
B) Excitability
C) Fainting upon standing
D) All of the above

Question 15

Low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs) are:

A) Used as bridge therapy until therapeutic warfarin levels are reached
B) Subcutaneously administered
C) Used only in hospitals
D) A and B are characteristics of LMWHs

Question 16

Which one of the following is not a layer of the heart wall?

A) Endocardium
B) Epicardium
C) Myocardium
D) Pericardium

Question 17

All of the following are used in the treatment of hyperlipidemia except:

A) Lipitor
B) Lopressor
C) Niaspan ER
D) Questran

Question 18

Which one of the following drugs is commonly prescribed for heart failure (HF)?

A) Lanoxin
B) Lipitor
C) Zebeta
D) Aspirin

Question 19

A frequent, annoying side effect of ACE inhibitors that causes some users to switch to a different antihypertensive medication is:

A) Diarrhea
B) Dry, hacking cough
C) GI upset
D) Nausea

Question 20

High blood pressure can be caused by:

A) Increased peripheral resistance
B) Vasodilation
C) Excess angiotensin II
D) A and C

Question 21

Angina (chest pain) is caused by:

A) Lack of blood flow to the brain
B) Lack of blood flow to the coronary muscle
C) Low iron levels
D) A and B

Question 22

Which of the following $\beta$ -blockers is non-selective?

A) Inderal
B) Lopressor
C) Atenolol
D) All of the above

Question 23

Which of the following statements is(are) true concerning NTG ointment?

A) NTG ointment is available in 1-, 30-, and 60-g sizes.
B) Doses are measured in - to 2-inch segments, similar to toothpaste.
C) NTG ointment is placed on the chest.
D) All of the above are true statements.

Question 24

Which medication is used to treat an overdose of Lanoxin?

A) Vitamin K
B) Digibind
C) Acetadote
D) Protamine sulfate

Question 25

An adverse effect of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors is:

A) Atrioventricular (AV) block
B) Bradycardia
C) Gingival overgrowth
D) Hyperkalemia

Question 26

The overuse of statins may be toxic to which body organ?

A) Kidney
B) Liver
C) Lungs
D) Pancreas

Question 27

Which medication binds to bile acids in the GI tract, preventing their reabsorption to lower cholesterol levels?

A) Questran
B) Niacin
C) Mevacor
D) Lopid

Question 28

Atherosclerosis:

A) Is a thickening and hardening of artery walls
B) Involves a buildup of lipids and platelets in the arteries
C) Is a type of arteriosclerosis
D) All of the above are accurate descriptions of atherosclerosis

Question 29

Treatment for hypotension could include:

A) Increased water intake
B) Fludrocortisone to increase blood volume
C) Midodrine to increase vasoconstriction
D) All of the above

Question 30

The vessel(s) responsible for supplying oxygen to the heart muscle is(are) called:

A) Aorta
B) Coronary arteries
C) Pulmonary arteries
D) Vena cavae

Question 31

Which of the following is(are) the most widely used agent(s) for the treatment of hyperlipidemia?

A) HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors
B) Niacin
C) Bile acid sequestrants
D) B and C

Question 32

Which drug classification reduces the workload of the heart?

A) Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors
B) ( $\beta$ -blockers)
C) Calcium channel blockers
D) Nitrates

Question 33

Patients with hypertension should be aware of which of the following OTC products that could elevate their blood pressure?

A) Decongestants
B) Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
C) Antihistamines
D) All of the above

Question 34

Requirements for dispensing NTG sublingual (NTG SL) tablets include:

A) Placing the label on the original container to dispense
B) Protecting the tablets from heat and light
C) Placing the original container inside a plastic prescription vial, without a safety cap, and labeling this vial
D) B and C

Question 35

Which agent primarily increases HDL cholesterol levels and lowers triglyceride levels?

A) Simvastatin
B) Gemfibrozil
C) Pravastatin
D) Cholestyramine

Question 36

One annoying side effect of some niacin formulations is:

A) Cramping
B) Diarrhea
C) Flushing
D) Excessive urination

Question 37

Which formulation of NTG would not be appropriate for the treatment of an acute angina attack?

A) Translingual spray
B) Sublingual tablets
C) Transdermal patch
D) Solution for injection

Question 38

The most prescribed antianginal agent is:

A) Nitroglycerin (NTG)
B) Digoxin
C) Furosemide
D) Diltiazem

Question 39

Which instruction is not necessary to explain to patients concerning their NTG SL tablets?

A) Take with food.
B) Take every 5 minutes as needed for chest pain up to a maximum of three doses. If no relief is achieved, then call 9-1-1.
C) Keep the medication out of the sunlight.
D) Keep the medication in its original container.

Question 40

Nitrates:

A) Dilate the arteries to permit an increase of blood flow to the heart muscle
B) Reduce the workload of the heart
C) Are used to treat angina
D) All of the above are true statements

Question 41

Quinidine sulfate, procainamide, amiodarone, sotalol, and verapamil are indicated for:

A) Dysrhythmias
B) Edema
C) Hypercholesterolemia
D) Hypertension

Question 42

Which of the following medications is indicated for hyperlipidemia and type 2 diabetes mellitus?

A) Atorvastatin
B) Colesevelam
C) Metformin
D) Niacin

Question 43

The suffix -sartan is associated with:

A) Angiotensin II receptor blockers
B) Calcium channel blockers
C) HMG CoA reductase inhibitors
D) Loop diuretics

Question 44

The generic name for Cozaar is:

A) Candesartan
B) Losartan
C) Olmesartan
D) Valsartan

Question 45

Zestril is the brand name for:

A) Captopril
B) Enalapril
C) Lisinopril
D) Ramipril

Question 46

Which of the following vitamins interacts with warfarin?

A) Vitamin A
B) Vitamin B₆
C) Vitamin B₁₂
D) Vitamin K

Question 47

Which medication's dose is titrated to meet its desired INR?

A) Clopidogrel
B) Bivalirudin
C) Rivaroxaban
D) Warfarin

Question 48

Which of the following medications is indicated as an antidote to dabigatran (Pradaxa)?

A) Heparin
B) Idarucizmab
C) Protamine sulfate
D) Warfarin

Question 49

A common side effect of thiazide diuretics is:

A) Hyperkalemia
B) Hypernatremia
C) Hyperglycemia
D) Both A and B

Question 50

Patients being prescribed _________ are monitored through Prothrombin time and international normalized ratio (INR) tests.

A) dabigatran
B) enoxaparin
C) heparin
D) warfarin