Question 1

A blood sugar test is performed to assess the function of the:&#10;A) thyroid gland&#10;B) parathyroid glands&#10;C) pancreas&#10;D) pituitary gland

Accepted Answer

A blood sugar test is performed to assess the function of the pancreas, specifically the production and regulation of insulin, which is necessary for proper blood sugar control. The thyroid gland is responsible for producing hormones that regulate metabolism, the parathyroid glands regulate calcium levels in the body, and the pituitary gland is responsible for secreting several hormones that regulate other endocrine glands in the body. None of these functions are directly related to blood sugar control.

Question 2

Lack of ____ causes the thyroid gland to enlarge.&#10;A) protein&#10;B) vitamin A&#10;C) sodium&#10;D) iodine

Accepted Answer

Lack of iodine causes the thyroid gland to enlarge, a condition known as goiter. Iodine is necessary for the production of thyroid hormones, and without it, the thyroid gland's cells begin to grow and multiply in an attempt to capture more iodine from the bloodstream. This results in an enlarged thyroid gland, which can be visible as a swelling in the neck.

Question 3

The pituitary gland is attached to which organ?&#10;A) liver&#10;B) pancreas&#10;C) brain&#10;D) lung

Accepted Answer

The pituitary gland is actually located at the base of the brain, specifically in a small depression of the sphenoid bone called the sella turcica.

Question 4

Which hormone develops the primary male sexual characteristics?&#10;A) testosterone&#10;B) progesterone&#10;C) estrogen&#10;D) adrenaline

Accepted Answer

Testosterone is the hormone responsible for developing primary male sexual characteristics, such as the development of the testes and penis during fetal development, and the deepening of the voice during puberty.

Question 5

Where is the thyroid gland located?&#10;A) pancreas&#10;B) liver&#10;C) larynx&#10;D) brain

Accepted Answer

The thyroid gland is located in the neck, just below the larynx (voice box).

Question 6

The adrenal glands sit atop the:&#10;A) kidneys&#10;B) stomach&#10;C) liver&#10;D) esophagus

Accepted Answer

The adrenal glands are located on top of the kidneys.

Question 7

Myxedema is an endocrine condition associated with:&#10;A) too little pituitary hormone&#10;B) too much pituitary hormone&#10;C) too little thyroid hormone&#10;D) too much thyroid hormone

Accepted Answer

Myxedema is caused by an underactive thyroid gland, meaning there is not enough thyroid hormone being produced.

Question 8

The principal hormone of the medulla is:&#10;A) insulin&#10;B) androgen&#10;C) aldosterone&#10;D) adrenaline

Accepted Answer

The medulla of the adrenal gland produces and releases adrenaline (also known as epinephrine) as the principal hormone. This hormone is involved in the "fight or flight" response, increasing heart rate, blood pressure, and blood sugar levels to prepare the body for physical activity or stress. Insulin is produced by the pancreas, androgen hormones are produced in the testes and ovaries, and aldosterone is produced in the cortex of the adrenal gland.

Question 9

When the blood sugar level falls too low, the hormone glucagon is released, causing the ____ to release stored glycogen into the blood.&#10;A) pancreas&#10;B) liver&#10;C) duodenum&#10;D) stomach

Accepted Answer

The liver stores glycogen and can release it into the blood when stimulated by the hormone glucagon. The pancreas produces glucagon, but it does not store glycogen. The duodenum and stomach do not play a direct role in glycogen storage or release.

Question 10

Patients with hyperthyroidism commonly experience:&#10;A) irritability&#10;B) significant fatigue&#10;C) low blood pressure&#10;D) unusual weight gain

Accepted Answer

Patients with hyperthyroidism typically experience symptoms related to increased metabolism such as irritability, anxiety, and weight loss. Fatigue is not commonly associated with hyperthyroidism, and low blood pressure is rare. Unusual weight gain is not a symptom of hyperthyroidism, but rather hypothyroidism.

Question 11

Which of the following conditions is characterized by overgrowth of cartilaginous and connective tissue?&#10;A) tetany&#10;B) acromegaly&#10;C) hypothyroidism&#10;D) hyperthyroidism

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following conditions is characterized...

Question 12

Which of the following does not influence the amount of insulin a diabetic patient needs?&#10;A) vomiting&#10;B) pregnancy&#10;C) exercise&#10;D) weather conditions

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following does not influence...

Question 13

Which hormone regulates the exchange of calcium between the bones and blood and increases blood calcium?&#10;A) vasopressin&#10;B) oxytocin&#10;C) thyroxine&#10;D) parathormone

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which hormone regulates the exchange of calcium...

Question 14

The most common cause of adrenal insufficiency is:&#10;A) autoimmune destruction of the cells producing the hormone&#10;B) infections such as tuberculosis, histoplasmosis, and meningococcemia&#10;C) hemorrhage into the adrenal glands&#10;D) metastasis of malignant tumors

Accepted Answer

The answer of The most common cause of adrenal insufficiency...

Question 15

Which hormone is responsible for developing breast tissue and stimulating the secretion of milk from the mammary glands?&#10;A) melatonin&#10;B) prolactin&#10;C) glucagon&#10;D) aldosterone

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which hormone is responsible for developing breast...

Question 16

Which of the following is a gonadotropic hormone?&#10;A) thyrotropin&#10;B) follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)&#10;C) melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH)&#10;D) adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is a gonadotropic...

Question 17

The majority of the islets of Langerhans cells are ____ cells.&#10;A) alpha&#10;B) beta&#10;C) delta&#10;D) pancreatic polypeptide-containing

Accepted Answer

The answer of The majority of the islets of Langerhans...

Question 18

Which hormone stimulates contractions during childbirth?&#10;A) oxytocin&#10;B) vasopressin&#10;C) luteinizing hormone&#10;D) prolactin

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which hormone stimulates contractions during childbirth?&#10;A) oxytocin&#10;B)...

Question 19

The radioactive iodine uptake test is a test of which gland?&#10;A) adrenal gland&#10;B) pancreas&#10;C) thyroid gland&#10;D) pituitary gland

Accepted Answer

The answer of The radioactive iodine uptake test is a...

Question 20

Tetany is treated by the addition of:&#10;A) magnesium&#10;B) phosphorus&#10;C) calcium&#10;D) iron

Accepted Answer

The answer of Tetany is treated by the addition of:&#10;A)...

Question 21

Match each term with its corresponding definition.
Disorder characterized by a group of symptoms that result from the hypersecretion of glucocorticoids from the adrenal cortex caused by excess ACTH production

A)thyroid storm
B)pineal body
C)fingerstick
D)type 1 diabetes
E)type 2 diabetes
F)Addison's disease
G)Cushing's syndrome
H)biguanides
I)thiazolidinediones
J)antidiabetic drugs

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match each term with its corresponding definition.&#10;Series...

Question 22

Match each term with its definition.&#10;Affect the metabolism of protein, fat, and glucose&#10;A)hormone&#10;B)growth hormone&#10;C)thyrotropin&#10;D)melanocyte-stimulating hormone&#10;E)orbital decompression&#10;F)hypothyroidism&#10;G)hyperthyroidism&#10;H)androgens&#10;I)mineralocorticoids&#10;J)glucocorticoids

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match each term with its definition.&#10;Affect the...

Question 23

Match each term with its corresponding definition.
Series of recently approved drugs that increase the presence of gut hormones which are advantageous for insulin secretion and decrease glucagon levels

A)thyroid storm
B)pineal body
C)fingerstick
D)type 1 diabetes
E)type 2 diabetes
F)Addison's disease
G)Cushing's syndrome
H)biguanides
I)thiazolidinediones
J)antidiabetic drugs

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match each term with its corresponding definition.&#10;Small...

Question 24

Match each term with its definition.&#10;Procedure performed to allow the eye to recess into the socket&#10;A)hormone&#10;B)growth hormone&#10;C)thyrotropin&#10;D)melanocyte-stimulating hormone&#10;E)orbital decompression&#10;F)hypothyroidism&#10;G)hyperthyroidism&#10;H)androgens&#10;I)mineralocorticoids&#10;J)glucocorticoids

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match each term with its definition.&#10;Procedure performed...

Question 25

Match each term with its definition.&#10;Thyroid-stimulating hormone&#10;A)hormone&#10;B)growth hormone&#10;C)thyrotropin&#10;D)melanocyte-stimulating hormone&#10;E)orbital decompression&#10;F)hypothyroidism&#10;G)hyperthyroidism&#10;H)androgens&#10;I)mineralocorticoids&#10;J)glucocorticoids

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match each term with its definition.&#10;Thyroid-stimulating hormone&#10;A)hormone&#10;B)growth...

Question 26

Match each term with its definition.&#10;Overactive thyroid&#10;A)hormone&#10;B)growth hormone&#10;C)thyrotropin&#10;D)melanocyte-stimulating hormone&#10;E)orbital decompression&#10;F)hypothyroidism&#10;G)hyperthyroidism&#10;H)androgens&#10;I)mineralocorticoids&#10;J)glucocorticoids

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match each term with its definition.&#10;Overactive thyroid&#10;A)hormone&#10;B)growth...

Question 27

Match each term with its definition.&#10;Control electrolyte balances by regulating the reabsorption of sodium in the kidney tubules and the excretion of potassium&#10;A)hormone&#10;B)growth hormone&#10;C)thyrotropin&#10;D)melanocyte-stimulating hormone&#10;E)orbital decompression&#10;F)hypothyroidism&#10;G)hyperthyroidism&#10;H)androgens&#10;I)mineralocorticoids&#10;J)glucocorticoids

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match each term with its definition.&#10;Control electrolyte...

Question 28

Match each term with its definition.&#10;Hormone that increases skin pigmentation&#10;A)hormone&#10;B)growth hormone&#10;C)thyrotropin&#10;D)melanocyte-stimulating hormone&#10;E)orbital decompression&#10;F)hypothyroidism&#10;G)hyperthyroidism&#10;H)androgens&#10;I)mineralocorticoids&#10;J)glucocorticoids

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match each term with its definition.&#10;Hormone that...

Question 29

Match each term with its corresponding definition.
Series of recently approved drugs that increase the presence of gut hormones which are advantageous for insulin secretion and decrease glucagon levels

A)thyroid storm
B)pineal body
C)fingerstick
D)type 1 diabetes
E)type 2 diabetes
F)Addison's disease
G)Cushing's syndrome
H)biguanides
I)thiazolidinediones
J)antidiabetic drugs

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match each term with its corresponding definition.&#10;Reduce...

Question 30

Match each term with its corresponding definition.
Series of recently approved drugs that increase the presence of gut hormones which are advantageous for insulin secretion and decrease glucagon levels

A)thyroid storm
B)pineal body
C)fingerstick
D)type 1 diabetes
E)type 2 diabetes
F)Addison's disease
G)Cushing's syndrome
H)biguanides
I)thiazolidinediones
J)antidiabetic drugs

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match each term with its corresponding definition.&#10;Condition...

Question 31

Match each term with its corresponding definition.
Series of recently approved drugs that increase the presence of gut hormones which are advantageous for insulin secretion and decrease glucagon levels

A)thyroid storm
B)pineal body
C)fingerstick
D)type 1 diabetes
E)type 2 diabetes
F)Addison's disease
G)Cushing's syndrome
H)biguanides
I)thiazolidinediones
J)antidiabetic drugs

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match each term with its corresponding definition.&#10;Patients...

Question 32

Match each term with its corresponding definition.
Condition that results from a deficiency of adrenal hormones in the cortex of the adrenal gland

A)thyroid storm
B)pineal body
C)fingerstick
D)type 1 diabetes
E)type 2 diabetes
F)Addison's disease
G)Cushing's syndrome
H)biguanides
I)thiazolidinediones
J)antidiabetic drugs

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match each term with its corresponding definition.&#10;Method...

Question 33

Match each term with its definition.&#10;Complex chemical that influences actions at distant sites and controls body functions&#10;A)hormone&#10;B)growth hormone&#10;C)thyrotropin&#10;D)melanocyte-stimulating hormone&#10;E)orbital decompression&#10;F)hypothyroidism&#10;G)hyperthyroidism&#10;H)androgens&#10;I)mineralocorticoids&#10;J)glucocorticoids

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match each term with its definition.&#10;Complex chemical...

Question 34

Match each term with its definition.&#10;Sex steroids&#10;A)hormone&#10;B)growth hormone&#10;C)thyrotropin&#10;D)melanocyte-stimulating hormone&#10;E)orbital decompression&#10;F)hypothyroidism&#10;G)hyperthyroidism&#10;H)androgens&#10;I)mineralocorticoids&#10;J)glucocorticoids

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match each term with its definition.&#10;Sex steroids&#10;A)hormone&#10;B)growth...

Question 35

Match each term with its corresponding definition.
Condition that results from a deficiency of adrenal hormones in the cortex of the adrenal gland

A)thyroid storm
B)pineal body
C)fingerstick
D)type 1 diabetes
E)type 2 diabetes
F)Addison's disease
G)Cushing's syndrome
H)biguanides
I)thiazolidinediones
J)antidiabetic drugs

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match each term with its corresponding definition.&#10;Autoimmune...

Question 36

Match each term with its corresponding definition.
Condition that results from a deficiency of adrenal hormones in the cortex of the adrenal gland

A)thyroid storm
B)pineal body
C)fingerstick
D)type 1 diabetes
E)type 2 diabetes
F)Addison's disease
G)Cushing's syndrome
H)biguanides
I)thiazolidinediones
J)antidiabetic drugs

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match each term with its corresponding definition.&#10;Work...

Question 37

Match each term with its definition.&#10;Below-normal thyroid activity&#10;A)hormone&#10;B)growth hormone&#10;C)thyrotropin&#10;D)melanocyte-stimulating hormone&#10;E)orbital decompression&#10;F)hypothyroidism&#10;G)hyperthyroidism&#10;H)androgens&#10;I)mineralocorticoids&#10;J)glucocorticoids

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match each term with its definition.&#10;Below-normal thyroid...

Question 38

Match each term with its definition.&#10;Affects the length of the long bones, and therefore height&#10;A)hormone&#10;B)growth hormone&#10;C)thyrotropin&#10;D)melanocyte-stimulating hormone&#10;E)orbital decompression&#10;F)hypothyroidism&#10;G)hyperthyroidism&#10;H)androgens&#10;I)mineralocorticoids&#10;J)glucocorticoids

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match each term with its definition.&#10;Affects the...

Question 39

Match each term with its corresponding definition.
Disorder characterized by a group of symptoms that result from the hypersecretion of glucocorticoids from the adrenal cortex caused by excess ACTH production

A)thyroid storm
B)pineal body
C)fingerstick
D)type 1 diabetes
E)type 2 diabetes
F)Addison's disease
G)Cushing's syndrome
H)biguanides
I)thiazolidinediones
J)antidiabetic drugs

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match each term with its corresponding definition.&#10;Disorder...

Question 40

Match each term with its corresponding definition.
Small mass of tissue attached by a slim stalk to the roof of the third ventricle in the brain

A)thyroid storm
B)pineal body
C)fingerstick
D)type 1 diabetes
E)type 2 diabetes
F)Addison's disease
G)Cushing's syndrome
H)biguanides
I)thiazolidinediones
J)antidiabetic drugs

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match each term with its corresponding definition.&#10;Extreme...

Deck 34: Infection Control and Medical Asepsis