Deck 38: Anatomy of the Digestive System

Question 1

The function of a third, obliquely-oriented layer of smooth muscle in the muscularis externa of the stomach is to .

A) carry waves of contraction around the stomach
B) churn, mix, and pummel the food contents to reduce them to small fragments
C) squeeze the stomach to reduce its size after a meal has emptied from it
D) allow stronger contractions than those occurring in other parts of the alimentary canal

Answer 1

B

Question 2

The alimentary canal is also called the _ _.

A) esophagus
B) bowel
C) intestines
D) gastrointestinal (GI) tract

Answer 2

D

Question 3

The dental formula for the permanent teeth indicates two _ and two _ in both upper and lower quarters of the mouth.

A) incisors; canines
B) canines; premolars
C) incisors; premolars
D) incisors; molars

Answer 3

C

Question 4

The tube that connects the oral cavity to the stomach is called the .

A) trachea
B) oral canal
C) small intestine
D) esophagus

Question 5

Specializations of the small intestine that increase its surface area for maximal absorption of nutrients include all the following except .

A) rugae
B) microvilli
C) circular folds
D) villi

Question 6

The walls of the alimentary canal share a common pattern from esophagus to anus. How many tunics (layers) make up the wall?

A) 2
B) 3
C) 4
D) 5

Question 7

This GI tract organ stores food temporarily, and continues the mechanical and chemical breakdown of food.

A) small intestine
B) esophagus
C) oral cavity
D) stomach

Question 8

The tube that leaves the stomach (and is the first part of the small intestine) is called the .

A) cecum
B) duodenum
C) jejunum
D) ileum

Question 9

The myenteric plexus is associated with this tunic of the alimentary canal.

A) muscularis externa
B) mucosa
C) submucosa
D) serosa

Question 10

These specialized parts of the stomach secrete hydrochloric acid and a protein-digesting enzyme.

A) crypts
B) gastric glands
C) gastric pits
D) mucosal glands

Question 11

The GI organ that is the major site of nutrient absorption is the .

A) esophagus
B) small intestine
C) large intestine
D) stomach

Question 12

This tunic of the GI tract is important for secretion of enzymes and absorption of nutrients.

A) muscularis externa
B) serosa
C) mucosa
D) submucosa

Question 13

The portion of the stomach closest to the duodenum is called the .

A) body
B) fundus
C) cardial part
D) pyloric part

Question 14

Which of the following is not a function of the digestive system?

A) eliminate the undigested remains of food
B) control caloric intake
C) provide the body with nutrients
D) ingest and digest food

Question 15

The mesentery attached to the inferior margin of the stomach is called the _ .

A) intestinal mesentery
B) lesser omentum
C) greater omentum
D) mesocolon

Question 16

The crown of the tooth is covered by , the hardest substance in the body.

A) dentin
B) enamel
C) cement
D) bone

Question 17

The protein-digesting enzyme that works in the stomach is .

A) trypsin
B) pepsin
C) lipase
D) amylase

Question 18

The total number of deciduous (or milk) teeth is .

A) 20
B) 18
C) 14
D) 16

Question 19

Accessory organs of the digestive system include all the following except .

A) liver and gall bladder
B) adrenal gland
C) salivary glands
D) teeth

Question 20

The lining of the alimentary canal is a .

A) mucosa (mucous membrane)
B) cutaneous membrane
C) synovial membrane
D) serosa

Question 21

The digestive function of the liver is to .

A) aid in the control of blood glucose levels
B) produce bile
C) neutralize toxic chemicals
D) remove pathogens from the blood

Question 22

The is/are lymphatic tissue seen in the histological section of the ileum.

A) intestinal crypts
B) islets of Langerhans
C) Brunner's glands
D) Peyer's patches

Question 23

In a histology section of the digestive tract, you observe that the mucosa is made of simple columnar epithelium and the tissue has three layers of smooth muscles. This section represents .

A) esophagus
B) duodenum
C) large intestine
D) stomach

Question 24

Hexagonal lobules are characteristic of this organ.

A) liver
B) gallbladder
C) salivary gland
D) pancreas

Question 25

This enzyme, which digests carbohydrates, is found in saliva and in the small intestine.

A) pepsin
B) trypsin
C) amylase
D) lipase

Question 26

This accessory organ of the digestive system makes digestive enzymes that act upon all of the major food types.

A) gall bladder
B) salivary glands
C) liver
D) pancreas