Deck 4: The Cell: Anatomy and Division

Question 1

The division of human cells consists of a series of events, collectively called , or nuclear division, and , or division of the cytoplasm.

A) prophase, telophase
B) mitosis, cytokinesis
C) mitosis, interphase
D) meiosis, mitosis

Answer 1

B

Question 2

This organelle digests other worn-out organelles and foreign substances that have entered the cell.

A) Golgi apparatus
B) peroxisome
C) endoplasmic reticulum
D) lysosome

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Which of the following is not considered to be a cytoskeletal element?

A) intermediate filaments
B) centrioles
C) microfilaments
D) microtubules

Answer 3

B

Question 4

molecules form the major component of the plasma membrane and are arranged in the form of a bilayer.

A) Phospholipid
B) Protein
C) Sugar (carbohydrates)
D) Cholesterol

Question 5

During this phase of mitosis, the mitotic spindle forms and the nuclear envelope fragments.

A) telophase
B) metaphase
C) anaphase
D) prophase

Question 6

The nucleus, plasma membrane and are the three major regions of cells that can readily be seen with a light microscope.

A) cytosol
B) cell fluid
C) cytoplasm
D) organelles

Question 7

Name the rod-shaped organelles that have a double-membrane wall and that oxidize foodstuffs to make ATP.

A) mitochondria
B) lysosomes
C) ribosomes
D) rough endoplasmic reticulum

Question 8

carry out specific functions inside cells, whereas store glycogen, lipids, pigments, and other substances.

A) Organelles, genes
B) Inclusions, mitochondria
C) Organelles, inclusions
D) Golgi apparatus, organelles

Question 9

is/are a contractile ring of actin microfilaments that eventually results in the division of the cytoplasm.

A) Kinetochore microfilaments
B) Mitotic spindle
C) Centrioles
D) Cleavage furrow

Question 10

Only one human cell has a flagellum. This specialization allows the cell to propel itself forward. It is a .

A) sperm cell
B) simple squamous epithelial cell
C) smooth muscle cell
D) red blood cell

Question 11

are tiny finger like projections on some cell surfaces that increase the surface area for absorption of materials.

A) Cilia
B) Flagella
C) Microvilli
D) Microtubules

Question 12

are membranous sacs that detoxify harmful chemicals.

A) Peroxisomes
B) Golgi apparatus
C) Rough endoplasmic reticulum
D) Lysosomes

Question 13

During , the shortest phase of mitosis, chromosomes are pulled toward the poles of the cell.

A) telophase
B) anaphase
C) metaphase
D) prophase

Question 14

Ribosomes/ribosomal subunits are found .

A) inside mitochondria
B) associated with coiled DNA of chromosomes
C) attached to the Golgi apparatus
D) free in the cytoplasm

Question 15

The plasma membrane allows nutrients to enter the cell and keeps undesirable substances out of the cell. It also allows wastes to pass out of the cell and keeps valuable cell proteins inside the cell. This property is called .

A) checking and balancing
B) impermeability
C) selective permeability
D) resistive permeability

Question 16

This membranous organelle resembles a stack of flattened sacs with bulbous ends and associated vesicles.

A) Golgi apparatus
B) rough endoplasmic reticulum
C) lysosomes
D) smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Question 17

This organelle stores and transports proteins, and synthesizes phospholipids and cholesterol.

A) mitochondrion
B) centriole
C) microtubule
D) endoplasmic reticulum

Question 18

The nucleus of the cell contains its genes, which are sections of .

A) RNA
B) DNA
C) DRA
D) TNA

Question 19

This organelle is particularly important during cell division. It directs the formation of the mitotic spindle.

A) microtubule
B) mitochondrion
C) endoplasmic reticulum
D) centriole

Question 20

These small bodies are found inside the nucleus of the cell. Made of proteins and RNA, these structures assemble ribosomes. They are _.

A) nucleos
B) nuclear poroses
C) nucleoli
D) nuclear envelopes

Question 21

In which phase(s) of mitosis do the chromosomes contain a single copy of DNA?

A) telophase and anaphase
B) metaphase
C) prophase and metaphase
D) prophase

Question 22

What event immediately precedes anaphase?

A) The mitotic spindle forms.
B) DNA replicates.
C) Chromosomes cluster at the midline of the cell.
D) The nuclear envelope forms around chromatin.

Question 23

From the time it is formed until it reproduces, the cell undergoes growth and carries out its functions in the body. What is the name for this portion of the cell's life cycle?

A) growth and development
B) interphase
C) life phase
D) functional phase

Question 24

The end product of cell division by mitosis is .

A) 2 genetically identical daughter cells
B) 2 daughter cells that have different genes
C) 4 daughter cells, each with unique genes
D) 4 genetically identical daughter cells

Question 25

You are observing a slide that contains cells undergoing cell division, and you have focused on a cell that has darkly staining X-shaped chromosomes that appear loose throughout the cell. You cannot see a nuclear envelope. This cell is in _.

A) interphase
B) anaphase
C) prophase
D) telophase

Question 26

The small size and biconcave shape of this cell gives it flexibility and allows its easy passage through small channels. It is a .

A) smooth muscle cell
B) simple squamous epithelial cell
C) sperm cell
D) red blood cell