Deck 15: Histology of Nervous Tissue

Question 1

These nervous system cells are highly specialized to transmit messages throughout the body.

A) microglial cells
B) neurons
C) oligodendrocytes
D) astrocytes

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Myelin is important in .

A) allowing electrical signals to be transferred from one axon to another adjacent axon
B) maintaining the ionic balance in the environment surrounding the axon
C) insulating axons and increasing the conduction velocity of action potentials
D) absorbing damaged tissue or invading organisms

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Groups of axons within a nerve are bound into fascicles by a coarse connective tissue called .

A) perineurium
B) epineurium
C) endoneurium

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Axons give rise to branches called .

A) axon terminals
B) collaterals
C) initial segments
D) dendrites

Question 5

Chromatophilic substance, found within the cell bodies of neurons, is involved in the metabolic activities of the cell and is composed of _.

A) mitochondria
B) cytoskeletal elements
C) rough endoplasmic reticulum
D) lysosomes

Question 6

This part of the neuron generates and conducts action potentials.

A) cell body
B) dendrite
C) axon

Question 7

The gaps in the sheath that insulates axons are called .

A) outer collar of perinuclear cytoplasm
B) myelinated fibers
C) myelin sheath gaps
D) gaps of Schwann

Question 8

What is true of a mixed nerve?

A) It contains only efferent axons.
B) It contains both afferent and efferent axons.
C) It is found only in the central nervous system.
D) It contains only afferent axons.

Question 9

Vesicles in the axon terminal contain _ .

A) neurotransmitters
B) digestive enzymes
C) chromatophilic substance
D) Ca2+

Question 10

The formation of myelin in the peripheral nervous system is accomplished by these cells.

A) Schwann cells
B) astrocytes
C) oligodendrocytes
D) satellite cells

Question 11

At an axon terminal, the electrical signal from one cell .

A) jumps from the axon terminal to the next cell
B) causes the release of chemical neurotransmitter molecules that cause an electrical signal in the next cell
C) is transmitted directly to the next cell by strands of membrane
D) ends and the signal it carried is not transmitted to another cell

Question 12

A bundle of axons in the CNS is called a _.

A) path of white matter
B) tract
C) connective corridor
D) nerve

Question 13

Functional classification of neurons is based on .

A) the length of the axon
B) the number of processes coming off the cell body
C) whether the signal carried is traveling toward or away from the CNS
D) the shape of the neuron

Question 14

Sensory or afferent neurons are typically of this type.

A) multipolar
B) bipolar
C) unipolar

Question 15

The dendrites share this characteristic with the neuron cell body.

A) They receive synapses from many other neurons.
B) They have elaborate membranous channels.
C) They contain all of the same organelles.

Question 16

The forms synapses, or junctions, with other neurons or effector cells.

A) synaptic cleft
B) axon hillock
C) axon terminal
D) initial segment

Question 17

A cluster of neurons in the peripheral nervous system is called a .

A) fasciculus
B) pod
C) ganglion
D) nucleus

Question 18

Oligodendrocytes form myelin around .

A) Oligodendrocytes do not make myelin.
B) only one axon in the peripheral nervous system
C) several axons in the central nervous system
D) dozens of axons in both the central and peripheral nervous systems

Question 19

A nerve ________.

A) consists of axons wrapped in connective tissue in the PNS
B) is found only in the CNS
C) consists of entire neurons - dendrites, cell bodies, and axons

Question 20

These support cells are found in the central nervous system.

A) astrocytes and ependymal cells
B) oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells
C) astrocytes and satellite cells
D) Schwann cells and satellite cells

Question 21

Interneurons (association neurons) in the brain are likely to be neurons.

A) multipolar
B) unipolar
C) bipolar

Question 22

The outermost connective tissue covering of a nerve is called the .

A) perineurium
B) epineurium
C) endoneurium

Question 23

You are examining a neuron under the microscope. It appears as a round cell without visible processes. What is true of this neuron?

A) It is most likely a sensory neuron.
B) It is likely to be a unipolar neuron.
C) It is located in the PNS (peripheral nervous system).
D) It is likely to be a unipolar neuron, it is located in the PNS (peripheral nervous system), and it is most likely to be a sensory neuron.

Question 24

This type of sensory neuron is quite rare.

A) multipolar
B) bipolar
C) unipolar

Question 25

Cell bodies of these neurons lie in ganglia in the peripheral nervous system (PNS).

A) interneurons
B) motor neurons
C) sensory neurons

Question 26

These glial cell line cerebrospinal fluid-filled cavities in the CNS.

A) ependymal cells
B) Schwann cells
C) microglia
D) astrocytes

Question 27

These glial cells play a role in capillary-neuron exchanges and control the chemical environment around neurons.

A) Schwann cells
B) ependymal cells
C) microglia
D) astrocytes

Question 28

You have lost the sensation, but not movement, in one of your hands due to a problem with your spinal cord neurons. Based upon these symptoms, what type of neuron was most likely affected?

A) motor neuron
B) afferent neuron
C) motor and sensory neurons
D) efferent neuron

Question 29

What is true about tracts and nerves?

A) Nerves are found in both the CNS and the PNS.
B) Tracts are found only in the PNS.
C) Only nerves are myelinated.
D) Tracts lack connective tissue coverings.

Question 30

These neurons transmit impulses from CNS to effectors.

A) interneurons
B) sensory neurons
C) motor neurons

Question 31

A demyelinating disease affects .

A) endoneurium
B) perineurium
C) epineurium
D) Schwann cells