Deck 4: The Musculoskeletal Systemorthopedics

Question 1

Identify the correct breakdown of the medical term spondylodynia into its component parts.

A) spondylo/dynia
B) spon/dylo/dynia
C) spondy/lodyn/ia
D) spon/dylo/dyn/ia
E) spon/dyl/o/dy/ni/a

Answer 1

spondylo/dynia

Question 2

Choose the correct translation for the root lumb/o.

A) femur
B) head, skull
C) loin, lower back
D) neck
E) vertebra

Answer 2

loin, lower back

Question 3

Choose the correct translation for the root cervic/o.

A) femur
B) head, skull
C) loin, lower back
D) neck
E) vertebra

Answer 3

neck

Question 4

Identify and define the root(s) in the term spondyloarthropathy.

A) spondylo- vertebra; arthro- joint
B) spondylo- vertebra
C) arthro- joint
D) arthro- bone; -pathy disease

Question 5

Identify and define the root(s) in the term craniomalacia.

A) cranio- head, skull
B) cranio- head, skull; mal - bad
C) cranio- head, skull; malacia - abnormal softening
D) crani- head
E) cranio- skull; malac- hard

Question 6

Identify and define the root in the term metacarpectomy.

A) meta- after
B) carp- wrist
C) ec- out
D) -ectomy removal
E) -tomy incision

Question 7

Which of the following is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term cervicodynia?

A) cervico (ankle) + dynia (pain) = ankle pain
B) cervico (bone) + dynia (binding) = binding of the bone
C) cervico (neck) + dynia (pain) = neck pain
D) cervico (vertebra) + dynia (binding) = binding of the vertebra
E) cervico (wrist) + dynia (fusion) = wrist fusion

Question 8

Which of the following medical terms means rib pain?

A) arthralgia
B) cervicodynia
C) costalgia
D) osteodynia
E) tibialgia

Question 9

Identify the correct pronunciation for the term spondylosis.

A) SPAWN-dai-law-sis
B) SPAWN-dih-LOH-sis
C) SPOWN-dai-LOH-sis
D) SPOWN-daw-lih-sis
E) SPOWN- dih-LOH-sis

Question 10

Which syllable receives the emphasis in the medical term hypotonia?

A) syllable 1: hy
B) syllable 2: po
C) syllable 3: to
D) syllable 4: ni
E) syllable 5: a

Question 11

Choose the correct translation for the root femor/o.

A) arm
B) thighbone
C) joint
D) stiff, bent
E) wrist

Question 12

Identify the correct pronunciation for the term costochondritis.

A) KAW-stoh-chon-DRAI-tis
B) KAW-stoh-kawn-DRAI-tis
C) SAW-stoh-chon-DRAI-tis
D) SAW-stoh-kawn-DRAI-tis

Question 13

Which syllable receives the emphasis in the medical term arthrogram?

A) Syllable 1: ar
B) Syllable 2: thro
C) Syllable 3: gram

Question 14

Which of the following medical terms means decrease in muscle tone or tightness?

A) bradykinesia
B) hyperkinesia
C) hypertonia
D) hypokinesia
E) hypotonia

Question 15

Which of the following roots refers to arrangement, order, and coordination?

A) carp/o
B) kinesi/o
C) spondyl/o
D) tax/o
E) ton/o

Question 16

Choose the correct translation for the root carp/o.

A) arm
B) ankle
C) joint
D) stiff, bent
E) wrist

Question 17

Which of the following is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term bradykinesia into its component parts?

A) brady (against) + kinesia (movement) = against movement
B) brady (bad) + kinesia (growth) = bad growth
C) brady (fast) + kines (movement) + ia (condition) = fast movement condition
D) brady (good) + kines (growth) +ia (condition) = good growth condition
E) brady (slow) + kinesia (movement) = slow movement

Question 18

Which of the following roots describes the small fluid-filled sac found near joints?

A) burs/o
B) cost/o
C) fasci/o
D) spondyl/o
E) tax/o

Question 19

Which of the following is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term myasthenia?

A) myas (joint) + thenia (growth) = joint growth
B) my (muscle) + asthenia (pain) = muscle pain
C) my (muscle) + asthenia (weakness) = muscle weakness
D) myas (joint) + then (growth) + ia (condition) = condition of joint growth
E) my (muscle) + asthen (pain) + ia (condition) = condition of muscle pain

Question 20

Translate the medical term hyperkinesia.

A) movement that is bad
B) movement that is fast
C) movement that is excessive
D) movement that is slow
E) movement that is weak

Question 21

Which of the following is NOT true about the abbreviation CAT?

A) The term breaks down into the root axi (axis) and suffix -al (pertaining to); root tomo (cut) and suffix -graphy (process of recording).
B) It can also be abbreviated as CT.
C) It is part of the treatment plan for patients.
D) It is an imaging procedure using a computer to produce cross sections along an axis.
E) It stands for computed axial tomography.

Question 22

Which of the following is the correct breakdown of the medical term hemarthrosis into its component parts?

A) hem/arthrosis
B) hemar/throsis
C) hem/arthr/osis
D) hemar/thros/is
E) hem/ar/thro/sis

Question 23

Translate the medical term tibialgia.

A) pain in the arm
B) pain in a finger
C) pain in the femur
D) pain in a tendon
E) pain in the tibia

Question 24

Which of the following is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term osteochondritis?

A) osteo (bone) + chondr (cartilage) + itis (inflammation) = inflammation of bone and cartilage
B) osteo (bone) + chondr (cartilage) + itis (condition) = condition of bone and cartilage
C) osteo (bone) + chondr (rib) + itis (inflammation) = inflammation of rib bones
D) osteo (bone) + chondr (rib) + itis (condition) = condition of rib bones
E) osteo (bone) + chondr (tendon) + itis (inflammation) = inflammation of a bone and tendon

Question 25

Translate the term spondylitis.

A) pain in the ankle
B) condition of the finger
C) softening of a tendon
D) inflammation of the vertebra
E) hardening of the wrist

Question 26

Which of the following is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term polydactyly?

A) poly (few) + dactyl (arm) + y (condition) = condition of missing an arm
B) poly (many) + dactyl (finger) + y (condition) = condition of many fingers
C) poly (one) + dactyl (finger) + y (condition) = condition of missing a finger
D) poly (together) + dactyl (finger) + y (condition) = condition of fused fingers

Question 27

Translate the medical term myomalacia.

A) death of muscle
B) development of muscle
C) hardening of muscle
D) breakdown of muscle
E) softening of muscle

Question 28

Build a medical term that means bone and bone marrow inflammation.

A) periosteitis
B) osteolysis
C) osteomalacia
D) osteomyelitis
E) osteomarrowitis

Question 29

Which of the following is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term osteoporosis?

A) osteo (bone) + por (deficiency) + osis (condition) = condition of bone deficiency
B) osteo (bone) + por (disease) + osis (condition) = condition of bone disease
C) osteo (bone) + por (nourishment) + osis (condition) = condition of bone nourishment
D) osteo (bone) + por (pore) + osis (condition) = condition of bone pores
E) osteo (bone) + por (pus) + osis (condition) = condition of pus in the bone

Question 30

Build a medical term that means wrist inflammation.

A) carpitis
B) craniomalacia
C) spondylitis
D) spondylomalacia
E) tarsoptosis

Question 31

Which of the following terms does NOT describe a type of bone pain?

A) costalgia
B) ostalgia
C) osteodynia
D) tibialgia
E) tenalgia

Question 32

Translate the medical term osteolysis.

A) death of bone
B) growth of bone
C) hardening of bone
D) loss of bone
E) softening of bone

Question 33

Build a medical term that means muscle disease.

A) myocele
B) myopathy
C) myosopathy
D) musculopathy
E) myoplasty

Question 34

Which of the following is the correct breakdown of the medical term osteochondroma into its component parts?

A) osteo/chondroma
B) osteo/chon/droma
C) osteo/chondr/oma
D) osteo/chon/dro/ma
E) os/te/o/chon/dro/ma

Question 35

Which of the following is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term spondylolisthesis?

A) spondylo (vertebra) + listhesis (slipping) = slipping of the vertebra
B) spondylo (head) + lis (joint) + thesis (condition) = condition of the head joint
C) spondylo (neck) + listhe (joint) + sis (disease) = disease of the neck joint
D) spondylo (tendon) + listh (joint) + esis pathy (condition) = condition of tendons in the joint
E) spondy (vertebra) + lolisth (joint) + esis (disease) = disease of the vertebra joint

Question 36

Build a medical term that means joint puncture.

A) arthroscope
B) Arthrogram
C) arthrogram
D) arthrocentesis
E) arthroscopy

Question 37

Which of the following is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term osteodystrophy?

A) osteo (joint) + dys (against) + trophy (formation) = formation against a joint
B) osteo (bone) + dys (bad) + trophy (nourishment) = nourishment of bad bone
C) oste (joint) + odys (not) +trophy (development) = development of poor joints
D) osteo (bone) + dys (bad) + troph (structure) +y ( procedure) = procedure to repair bad bone structure
E) ost (joint) + eodys (together) + troph (structure) + y (procedure) = procedure to join the joints and surrounding structures together

Question 38

Which of the following is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term osteosclerosis?

A) osteo (bone) + scler (growth) + osis (condition) = condition of bone growth
B) osteo (bone) + scler (hardening) + osis (condition) = condition of bone hardening
C) osteo (cartilage) + scler (pain) + osis (condition) = condition of cartilage pain
D) osteo (joint) + scler (softening) + osis (condition) = condition of joint softening
E) osteo (muscle) + scler (weakening) + osis (condition) = condition of muscle weakness

Question 39

Which of the following is the correct breakdown of the medical term spondylosis into its component parts?

A) spondylo/sis
B) spon/dylo/sis
C) spondy/losis
D) spon/dyl/osis
E) spondyl/osis

Question 40

Build a medical term that means joint process of recording.

A) arthrography
B) arthrogram
C) arthrocentesis
D) arthroscope
E) arthroscopy

Question 41

Which of the following is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term polymyositis?

A) poly (few) + myos (muscle) + itis (inflammation) = inflammation of few muscles
B) poly (few) + myo (muscle) +sitis (pain) = pain in few muscles
C) poly (many) + myos (muscle) + itis (inflammation) = inflammation of many muscles
D) poly (many) + myos (muscle) + itis (pain) = pain in many muscles
E) poly (one) + myo (muscle) + sitis (inflammation) = inflammation of one muscle

Question 42

Translate the medical term myosarcoma.

A) tumor of muscle and flesh
B) tumor of muscle and the sacrum
C) growth of bone
D) loss of bone
E) tumor of muscle and bone

Question 43

Which of the following is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term arthrodesis?

A) arthro (joint) + desis (binding) = binding of a joint
B) arthr (joint) + odesis (breaking) = breaking of a joint
C) arthro (joint) + desis (incision) = incision into a joint
D) arthro (joint) + desis (reconstruction) = reconstruction of a joint
E) arthr (joint) + odesis (suture) = suture of a joint

Question 44

The slipping or dislocation of a vertebra is known as

A) achondroplasia.
B) arthrodysplasia.
C) spinal stenosis.
D) spondylolisthesis.
E) subluxation.

Question 45

Build a medical term that means muscle suture.

A) myectomy
B) myodesis
C) myoplasty
D) myorrhaphy
E) myotomy

Question 46

Translate the term bursotomy.

A) incision into a bursa
B) reconstruction of a bursa
C) removal of a bursa
D) disease of the bursa
E) suture of the bursa

Question 47

Build a medical term that means finger inflammation.

A) arthritis
B) bursitis
C) dactylitis
D) fasciitis
E) dactylopathy

Question 48

The abnormal narrowing of the space for the spinal cord is known as

A) achondroplasia.
B) arthrodysplasia.
C) spinal stenosis.
D) spondylolisthesis.
E) subluxation.

Question 49

Build a medical term that means muscle disease.

A) myalgia
B) myoma
C) myopathy
D) muscular dystrophy
E) myositis

Question 50

The medical term for fluid around a joint is

A) arthrolysis.
B) exostosis.
C) effusion.
D) fracture.
E) subluxation.

Question 51

Translate the term tenolysis.

A) binding of a tendon
B) removal of a tendon
C) loosening of a tendon
D) surgical fixation of a tendon
E) suture of a tendon

Question 52

Translate the medical term arthralgia.

A) disease of joints
B) formation of joints
C) hardening of joints
D) pain in a joint
E) inflammation of a joint

Question 53

Which of the following is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term tarsectomy?

A) tars (ankle) + ectomy (incision) = incision into the ankle
B) tars (ankle) + ectomy (removal) = removal of the ankle
C) tars (tendon) + ectomy (incision) = incision into a tendon
D) tars (wrist) + ectomy (removal) = removal of the wrist
E) tars (wrist) + ectomy (incision) = incision into the wrist

Question 54

Build a medical term that means tendon binding.

A) tendorrhexis
B) tendoplasty
C) tenodesis
D) tenolysis
E) tendodesis

Question 55

Select the correct spelling for the medical term that means tendon inflammation.

A) tenitis
B) tindenitus
C) tandinitis
D) tendonitus
E) tendinitis

Question 56

Which of the following is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term chondroplasty?

A) chondro (cartilage) + plasty (binding) = binding of cartilage
B) chondro (cartilage) + plasty (breaking) = breaking of cartilage
C) chondro (cartilage) + plasty (incision) = incision into cartilage
D) chondro (cartilage) + plasty (reconstruction) = reconstruction of cartilage
E) chondro (cartilage) + plasty (suture) = suture of cartilage

Question 57

Translate the term craniectomy.

A) incision into the skull
B) reconstruction of the skull
C) removal of the skull
D) surgical fixation of the skull
E) suture of the skull

Question 58

The suffix in the medical term tenorrhaphy means

A) binding.
B) break.
C) incision.
D) reconstruction.
E) suture.

Question 59

Translate the term periosteum.

A) pertaining to across bone
B) condition of crossed bones
C) structure around the bone
D) pertaining to around bone
E) structure below bone

Question 60

Which of the following is the correct breakdown of the medical term myomectomy into its component parts?

A) myo/mectomy
B) myom/ectomy
C) my/om/ectomy
D) myo/mec/tomy
E) my/o/mec/to/my

Question 61

Read the discharge summary for the following patient: "The admission diagnoses for Decker Macmillan were hypotonia and lordosis. On discharge from the hospital, he was also diagnosed with muscular dystrophy and scoliosis." Of the following statements, which one does NOT describe the conditions that affect the patient?

A) abnormal forward curvature of the lower spine
B) abnormal forward curvature of the upper spine
C) crooked back, or abnormal lateral curvature of the spine
D) decrease in muscle tone or tightness
E) disorder characterized by poor muscle development

Question 62

All of the following abbreviations pertain to the vertebrae EXCEPT

A) C1-C7
B) L1-L5
C) M1-M8
D) S1-S5
E) T1-T12

Question 63

The medical term that describes a condition in which a patient has a lack of arrangement, order, and coordination is

A) hypotaxia.
B) ataxia.
C) dystonia.
D) hypokinesis.
E) dystaxia.

Question 64

Read the following information in the Orthopedic Consult note. "Mr. Samuels has a 4-month history of increasing pain in his right distal femur. He first noticed pain after being kicked in the leg at a soccer game and was evaluated 3 weeks later for persistent pain. There was a soft tissue mass in his distal femur that was tender to touch. An x-ray was performed to rule out a fracture or chronic osteomyelitis. The x-ray showed both osteolysis of the metaphysis and periosteal new bone formation." According to the note, all of the following statements are true EXCEPT

A) An x-ray was performed to rule out a broken bone.
B) An x-ray was performed to rule out inflammation of the bone and bone marrow.
C) The x-ray showed bone loss in the metaphysis.
D) The x-ray showed new bone formation in the bone marrow.
E) The x-ray showed new bone formation of the periosteum.

Question 65

All of the following abbreviations refer to a ligament EXCEPT

A) LCL
B) MCL
C) PCL
D) TCL
E) CTS

Question 66

What is the correct abbreviation for a fracture?

A) F
B) frac
C) Fx
D) TKR
E) Tx

Question 67

Build a medical term that means cartilage removal.

A) bursectomy
B) carpectomy
C) chondrectomy
D) costectomy
E) tendectomy

Question 68

Read the following excerpt from a patient's health record: "On the admission exam, Decker was found to have mild lumbar lordosis, pseudohypertrophy of his calf muscles, and a waddling gait. No hyporeflexia was noted. The initial concern was a muscular dystrophy and an electromyogram showed myopathic changes. A muscle biopsy was then performed to help distinguish which of the muscular dystrophies the patient has. The results are pending." Which of the following tests showed myopathic changes?

A) a record of the electrical activity of a muscle
B) imaging procedure using a computer to produce cross sections along an axis
C) procedure for looking into a muscle
D) procedure for recording the electrical activity of a muscle
E) procedure for studying muscles

Question 69

The following is the final paragraph in an Orthopedic Consult Note: "I suspect that Mr. Jones has an osteosarcoma and will schedule a biopsy to confirm the diagnosis. I discussed the surgery with Mr. Jones and his family in the office. His tumor will likely require resection with partial ostectomy of the femur and osteoplasty. Mr. Jones is scheduled to return to my office 1 week following his biopsy to discuss the results." Given this information, all of the following statements are true EXCEPT

A) Part of Mr. Jones femur will be removed and then reconstructed.
B) Mr. Jones has a tumor of bone and flesh.
C) Mr. Jones will have his leg removed (amputated).
D) Mr. Jones has a tumor that will require surgery.

Question 70

Provide the correct translation for the abbreviation FROM.

A) failing range of motion
B) fracture, replacement, operation, motion
C) fracture requiring operational medicine
D) full range of motion

Question 71

The medical term used to describe a condition in which the patient has bad muscle tone is

A) ataxia.
B) dystaxia.
C) hyperkinesia.
D) dystonia.
E) hypotonia.

Question 72

The best description of an EMG is a

A) procedure for measuring the electrical activity of a bone.
B) procedure for measuring the electrical activity of the nerves.
C) record of the electrical activity of a bone.
D) record of the electrical activity of a muscle.
E) record of the electrical activity of the nerves.

Question 73

Translate the medical termintercostal.

A) abnormal condition inside the ribs
B) abnormal condition inside cartilage
C) pertaining to between ribs
D) pertaining to between vertebrae
E) pertaining to between vertebrae cartilage

Question 74

A drug that relieves pain is called an

A) analgesic.
B) antiarthritic.
C) anti-inflammatory.
D) antipyretic.

Question 75

The patient's x-ray revealed subchondral cysts, subchondral sclerosis, and joint space narrowing. Which is the correct translation of subchondral sclerosis?

A) sub (bad) + chondr (bone) + al (condition) + sclerosis (hardening condition) = bad bone hardening condition
B) sub (beneath) + chondr (cartilage) + al (pertaining to) + sclerosis (hardening condition) = hardening condition beneath the cartilage
C) sub (good) + chondr (joint) + al (condition) + sclerosis (hardening condition) = good joints that are beginning to harden
D) sub (out) + chondr (movement) + al (pertaining to) + sclerosis (softening condition) = pertaining to movement outside the range of motion
E) sub (upon) + chondr (muscle) + al (condition) + sclerosis (softening condition) = muscle tissue on the bone is beginning to soften

Question 76

Build a medical term that means wrist removal.

A) bursectomy
B) carpectomy
C) chondrectomy
D) dactylectomy
E) tendonectomy

Question 77

Read this patient's physical exam: "The patient is experiencing decreased ROM in the right knee. He also has a mild effusion of the right knee and some atrophy of the right quadriceps muscle compared to left." According to the physical exam, this patient is NOT experiencing

A) stiffness of the right knee.
B) decreased range of motion.
C) mild loss of muscle tissue in the right quadriceps.
D) mild fluid build-up.

Question 78

Read the following excerpt from a patient's health record: "Mrs. Maureen Goldman presented to the orthopedic clinic with a chronic history of arthralgia. She has been previously diagnosed with osteoarthritis. She was initially treated with NSAIDs and an orthotic that helped for a time. The knee pain returned last year, and she was treated in our clinic with arthroscopic surgery. While it helped some, she reports it didn't completely get rid of her symptoms, and she returns today for evaluation." Mrs. Goldman was treated at one time with what kind of surgery?

A) arthroscopic = arthro (bone) + scop (cut) + ic (pertaining to) = surgery by cutting into a bone
B) arthroscopic = arthro (bone) + scop (look) + ic (pertaining to) = surgery by visual examination of a bone
C) arthroscopic = arthro (cartilage) + scop (cut) + ic (pertaining to) = surgery by cutting into the cartilage
D) arthroscopic = arthro (joint) + scop (look) + ic (pertaining to) = surgery by visual examination of a joint
E) arthroscopic = arthro (joint) + scop (cut) + ic (pertaining to) = surgery by cutting into a joint

Question 79

Read the following patient's Discharge Physical Examination: "Neurological: Hypotonia of legs (strength 3/5 bilaterally) and a waddling gait. Uses assistance to get up from seated position. Marked enlargement of calves. Normal reflexes." According to the Discharge Physical Examination, which of the following statements is TRUE?

A) The patient has a decrease in muscle tone or tightness in the legs.
B) The patient has an increase in muscle tone or tightness in the legs.
C) The patient is walking normally.
D) The patient's calves look normal.
E) The reflexes are exaggerated.

Question 80

Read the following excerpt from a patient's health record: "Examination of Mr. Smith's right leg revealed a significant soft tissue mass over his distal femur on the right. The mass was tender. He did not have any knee effusion. I reviewed the labs and x-ray and the findings were consistent with osteosarcoma." Given this information, which of the following statements is TRUE?

A) Mr. Smith has a cancerous tumor originating in his knee joint.
B) Mr. Smith has a soft tissue mass on his femur caused by a build-up of fluid in his knee.
C) Mr. Smith has a soft tissue mass on the bottom part of his right femur.
D) Mr. Smith has fluid build-up in his knee.
E) Mr. Smith is experiencing an abnormal bone hardening on his right leg.