Deck 6: Sexual Development From Infancy Through Early Adulthood

Question 1

In infancy, the parent-child bond is developed primarily by

A)the provision of food
B)verbal interactions
C)smell
D)touch

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Regarding female sexual scripts in traditional Latin American cultures are heavily influenced by ______________.

A)non-traditional gender roles
B)machismo
C)marianismo
D)familism

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Psychosexual development begins in

A)prenatally
B)infancy
C)early childhood
D)adolescence

Answer 3

B

Question 4

In all cultures, masturbation in children is observed as early as

A)infancy
B)early childhood
C)middle childhood
D)pre-adolescence

Question 5

According to Erikson, a child's desire for independence is called

A)rebellion
B)initiative
C)autonomy
D)egocentrism

Question 6

Which of the following groups is most likely to delay sexual activity?

A)Asian Americans
B)Caucasians
C)Latin Americans
D)Arab Americans

Question 7

In traditional Arab cultures, the essence of a female's sexuality is her

A)spirituality
B)body
C)hair
D)feet

Question 8

According to Erikson, a child's sense of purpose is called

A)rebellion
B)initiative
C)autonomy
D)egocentrism

Question 9

Cultural expectations that shape and influence our sexual beliefs and behaviors are collectively known as ________.

A)norms
B)gender roles
C)socialization
D)sexual scripts

Question 10

To describe behavior as "normative" means that it is ________.

A)appropriate
B)expected
C)average
D)below average

Question 11

According to Baumrind, consistent patterns of parents' behavior towards their offspring are called

A)attachment styles
B)parent-child interactions
C)transgenerational gender reference
D)parenting styles

Question 12

Which of the following cultures would typically have the most tolerant attitudes towards intersexed individuals?

A)Caucasians
B)Native Americans
C)Latin Americans
D)African Americans

Question 13

In contrast to psychosocial development, psychosexual development focuses on

A)biological drives
B)developmental milestones
C)the environment
D)mental and emotional aspects of sexuality

Question 14

At what age does sexuality become a crucial part of human development?

A)Birth
B)Early childhood
C)Middle childhood
D)Adolescence

Question 15

The Eight Stages of Man model of psychosocial development was originally proposed by

A)Abraham Maslow
B)Sigmund Freud
C)Erik Erikson
D)Carl Rogers

Question 16

In some non-Western cultures, the practice of calming infants through genital stimulation is called _______________.

A)infantilizing
B)attachment formation
C)transgenerational gender reference
D)fellating

Question 17

According to Erikson, a newborn's primary concern is to form

A)a sense of independence and free will
B)an attachment to a caregiver based on the belief that his or her basic needs will be met
C)acquire specific skills
D)explore the environment

Question 18

Which of the following cultures' sexual scripts is most likely to embrace individualism?

A)Caucasians
B)Native Americans
C)Latin Americans
D)African Americans

Question 19

The fundamental psychosocial task of infancy it to develop a sense of

A)trust
B)initiative
C)industry
D)autonomy

Question 20

Due to the influence of ____________, Latin American teens are expected to delay the onset of sexual activity.

A)non-traditional gender roles
B)machismo
C)marianismo
D)familism

Question 21

According to Johnson's classification system of childhood sexual behaviors, a child that coerces other children into becoming unwilling partners in sexual activity would be in

A)Group I
B)Group II
C)Group III
D)Group IV

Question 22

A parenting style which is highly nurturing, but low in parental control, is called

A)authoritarian
B)permissive
C)uninvolved
D)authoritative

Question 23

In girls, the first sign of sexual maturity is the development of

A)breast buds
B)pubic hair
C)menarche
D)underarm hair

Question 24

A parenting style in which there is very little parental control or emotional support is called

A)authoritarian
B)permissive
C)uninvolved
D)authoritative

Question 25

Caucasian and Latin American parents tend to emphasize the _________ parenting style.
A)authoritarian

A)permissive
B)uninvolved
C)authoritative

Question 26

African American and Asian American parents tend to emphasize the ________ parenting style.

A)authoritarian
B)permissive
C)uninvolved
D)authoritative

Question 27

The rate of masturbation in early childhood (2-6 yrs.) is roughly
A)50%+

A)30-40%
B)15-25%
C)<10%

Question 28

According to Johnson's classification system of childhood sexual behaviors, a child that masturbates excessively and feels high s of anxiety regarding sex would be in

A)Group I
B)Group II
C)Group III
D)Group IV

Question 29

According to the Tanner Genitalia Development Scale, boys develop _________ in stage 5.

A)deepening voice
B)facial hair
C)pubic hair
D)increase in testes size

Question 30

At what age do children typically begin naming and describing their sexual anatomy?

A)1 yr.
B)3 yrs.
C)5 yrs.
D)7 yrs.

Question 31

In boys, the first sign of sexual maturity is the development of

A)facial hair
B)deepening voice
C)pubic hair
D)increase in testes size

Question 32

"Prepubescence" refers to the developmental period which occurs during

A)infancy
B)early childhood
C)middle childhood
D)adolescence

Question 33

At what age do children begin to recognize their gender?

A)3 - 4 yrs.
B)5 - 6 yrs.
C)7 - 8 yrs.
D)Puberty

Question 34

According to Dunphy's stages of friendship development, a clique consists of _______ same sex friends.
A)2-3

A)4-9
B)9-12
C)12+

Question 35

Normative sexual behaviors observed in childhood are called

A)gender schemas
B)sexual norms
C)gender roles
D)sex play

Question 36

According to Baumrind, the two dimensions of parenting are

A)warmth and control
B)boundaries and limit setting
C)affection and support
D)love and discipline

Question 37

According to the Tanner Genitalia Development Scale, girls experience __________ in stage 4.

A)breast buds
B)pubic hair
C)menarche
D)underarm hair

Question 38

A parenting style which is highly punitive but low in emotional support is called

A)authoritarian
B)permissive
C)uninvolved
D)authoritative

Question 39

According to Erikson, children experience a sense of ___________ in middle childhood.

A)trust
B)initiative
C)industry
D)autonomy

Question 40

A parenting style in which there is lots of emotional support, but with strong parental control, is called

A)authoritarian
B)permissive
C)uninvolved
D)authoritative

Question 41

The culture which would generally be the most tolerant of intersexed individuals is the Native American culture.

Question 42

In contrast to most boys, female peer groups tend to share all of the following traits EXCEPT

A)They are hierarchical.
B)They are smaller.
C)They are more intimate.
D)They emphasize cohesiveness.

Question 43

According to the National College Health Assessment, what percentage of college students has had at least one sexual partner?

A)47%
B)53%
C)65%
D)78%

Question 44

There are no major physical sexual developmental milestones between birth and adolescence.

Question 45

A child coercing others into sexual activity is perfectly normal.

Question 46

Research on African American children reveals that they

A)are waiting longer to have sex
B)are more likely to use birth control
C)have a higher rate of masturbatory behavior
D)have a lower rate of masturbatory behavior

Question 47

Masturbation is common during infancy.

Question 48

In adolescence, masturbation is a common practice among females.

Question 49

The formation of a sense of self that is separate from one's own family is a process known as ______________.

A)autonomy
B)initiative
C)individuation
D)trust

Question 50

The culture which has the highest median age of initial sexual experiences is Asian Americans.

Question 51

Which of the following factors has NOT been correlated with a delay in teen sexual activity?

A)Parental disapproval
B)Verbal communication
C)Close parental supervision
D)Warm and responsive parenting style

Question 52

African American children reach sexual maturity more quickly than Caucasian children do.

Question 53

The first sign of sexual maturation in boys is the production of seminal fluid.

Question 54

Most often, adolescents turn to their _________ for emotional support.

A)parents
B)peers
C)romantic partner
D)siblings

Question 55

Outward signs of sexual maturity are known as primary sex characteristics.

Question 56

According to Dunphy's stages of friendship development, at what age do cliques begin to form?

A)Stage 1
B)Stage 2
C)Stage 3
D)Stage 4

Question 57

Since the 1990s the number of sexually active teens has

A)nearly tripled
B)nearly doubled
C)fluctuated only slightly
D)decreased somewhat

Question 58

Which racial group is the least likely to use birth control?

A)Hispanic Americans
B)Caucasians
C)Asian Americans
D)African Americans

Question 59

Sexual development is not a critical aspect of human development until adolescence.

Question 60

Which area of the brain appears to be most crucial in regulating social behaviors?

A)the prefrontal cortex
B)the hypothalamus
C)the medial cortex
D)the parietal lobes

Question 61

Discuss the types of questions children will ask about sex prior to puberty.Based on these questions, what types of responses or educational techniques are appropriate?

Question 62

Discuss the Tanner Genitalia Development Scale.List and describe the changes that both boys and girls go through as they progress through the stages.

Question 63

List and describe Erik Erikson's Eight Stages of Man.Provide an example of how sexual behavior changes in each stage.

Question 64

List and describe the groupings in Johnson's classification system of childhood sexual behaviors.Contrast healthy and normal sexual behaviors to those that are unhealthy.
Essay:

Question 65

Compare and contrast Baumrind's parenting styles.How do these styles influence child development? What cultural differences are observed? How might these influence sexuality?

Question 66

List and describe the Dunphy stages of friendship development.Compare and contrast gender differences found between male and female peer groups.

Question 67

Discuss the ways that culture influences sexual scripts.List and describe each of the six major cultures and compare/contrast the ways that their sexual scripts have evolved.

Question 68

Discuss the concept of sexual scripts.What are they, what functions do they serve, and how do they influence our sexual behaviors?

Question 69

Discuss the practice of transgenerational gender reference.Would this practice constitute sexual abuse in Western cultures? Why or why not?

Question 70

Discuss "sex play." What types of sexual behaviors are normally observed in early childhood? Which behaviors are more or less common? Where are significant gender differences observed?