Deck 12: Nutrition for Adults: The Early Middle and Later Years

Question 1

John is a 34-year-old who is active in his community coaching football.He was also recently promoted to a director-level position at his job.John is in

A) young adulthood.
B) young and middle adulthood.
C) middle adulthood.
D) older adulthood.

Answer 1

A
Young adulthood is between the ages of 20 and 44 years.Physical maturity and independence are apparent and include the ability to form new relationships.adopt new roles.and make many more choices regarding lifestyle.

Question 2

Making a choice to lose weight and manage one's cholesterol level is most likely to occur during

A) young adulthood.
B) middle adulthood.
C) school-age childhood.
D) adolescence.

Answer 2

B
Wellness.health promotion.and reduction of disease risks are becoming the focus of health care for the middle adult years.

Question 3

The patient who would have the highest protein needs is

A) a 36-year-old man who plays basketball.
B) a 73-year-old man recovering from a broken hip after a fall.
C) a 56-year-old woman who is trying to lose weight.
D) a 48-year-old woman who is moderately active.

Answer 3

B
Protein needs increase during recovery from injury.Exercise has a much smaller effect on protein needs.and protein needs do not increase with weight loss.

Question 4

The number of calories per day supplied as carbohydrate for older adults who require 2000 kcal per day should be

A) 450 to 650.
B) 750 to 1250.
C) 900 to 1300.
D) 1100 to 1450.

Question 5

The Older Americans Act provides funds for

A) congregate and home-delivered meals.
B) meals served at shelters and community centers.
C) meals served at care facilities and hospices.
D) meals for homeless older adults.

Question 6

Contributing factors for osteoporosis include

A) inadequate calcium and vitamin D intake.
B) increased estrogen after menopause.
C) excess weight.
D) excess iron intake.

Question 7

Congregate meals are most often served at a

A) church.
B) senior center.
C) nursing home.
D) hospital.

Question 8

An older adult is most likely to have an inadequate nutrient intake if he or she lives

A) in a retirement community.
B) with a spouse.
C) alone.
D) with family.

Question 9

The congregate meal for seniors is

A) breakfast.
B) the noon meal.
C) the evening meal.
D) decided by the center.

Question 10

It may be advisable for an older adult to take a vitamin or mineral supplement

A) daily.
B) weekly.
C) if he or she has been ill.
D) if he or she is under stress.

Question 11

The older adult's diet should include adequate carbohydrates to

A) provide a substrate for vitamins and minerals.
B) support normal brain function.
C) provide building material for muscle mass.
D) maintain blood glucose level.

Question 12

Each decade.basal energy needs decrease

A) 0.5% to 1%.
B) 1% to 2%.
C) 2% to 4%.
D) 5% to 8%.

Question 13

If an older adult is losing weight.his or her caloric intake is

A) less than energy needs.
B) approximately the same as energy needs.
C) greater than energy needs.
D) poorly distributed throughout the day.

Question 14

The Older Americans Act provides home-delivered meals for those who

A) cannot afford food.
B) prefer not to leave home.
C) are ill or disabled.
D) are malnourished.

Question 15

Energy requirements decrease as adult's age because

A) older adults have less stress than younger adults.
B) younger adults are still growing; older adults are not.
C) the height of adults decreases with age.
D) the number of functioning body cells decreases with age.

Question 16

Biologic processes associated with aging may cause

A) an increased metabolic rate.
B) increased anxiety.
C) an increased ratio of adipose to muscle tissue.
D) increased kidney function.

Question 17

Physiologic problems of older adults include

A) diarrhea.
B) increased salivary secretions.
C) decreased thirst and taste sensations.
D) increased muscle tone.

Question 18

A 42-year-old who makes his or her own decisions regarding whom to marry and what type of family is desired is considered to be making

A) independent choices.
B) dependent choices.
C) wealthy choices.
D) introspective choices.

Question 19

Prescription and over-the-counter drugs can affect nutritional status because they

A) may contain toxins.
B) often result in addiction.
C) usually contain nutrients.
D) may affect appetite or absorption of nutrients.

Question 20

Effective strategies to delay the onset of type 2 diabetes include

A) following a low-carbohydrate, high protein diet plan.
B) taking a daily multivitamin, multimineral supplement.
C) brisk walking with friends for 45 minutes most days during a lunch break.
D) drinking at least 2 L water daily to maintain hydration.

Question 21

The protein needs of an older adult are influenced by the adequacy of

A) fiber intake.
B) caloric intake.
C) vitamin intake.
D) mineral intake.

Question 22

Dehydration is more common in older adults than in younger adults because

A) the kidneys excrete too much water.
B) the thirst mechanism diminishes.
C) the intracellular versus extracellular water balance is disturbed.
D) more water needs to be ingested to maintain hydration.

Question 23

The Mini Nutritional Assessment identifies

A) emotional stability.
B) nutritional risk.
C) vitamin deficiency.
D) social isolation.

Question 24

Older adults need more vitamin D than younger adults because they

A) are less efficient at making their own.
B) are in a state of positive calcium balance.
C) excrete large amounts in their urine.
D) require more dietary fat to absorb the vitamin efficiently.

Question 25

Examples of foods high in nutrients that help prevent osteoporosis are

A) cottage cheese and oranges.
B) yogurt and canned salmon.
C) oatmeal and green leafy vegetables.
D) broccoli and liver.

Question 26

Factors that influence the nutrition needs of young adults include

A) growth.
B) climate.
C) personality type.
D) physical activity.

Question 27

Feeding older adults with sensitivity includes

A) giving sufficient time to chew and swallow.
B) serving only puréed foods.
C) avoiding liquids with meals.
D) serving bland foods.

Question 28

A major factor in weight control is

A) physical activity.
B) mineral supplementation.
C) steroid use.
D) adequate protein intake.

Question 29

For residents in long-term care facilities.the type of diet model recommended is

A) most therapeutic.
B) least restrictive.
C) no sugar.
D) low protein.

Question 30

Factors that commonly contribute to malnutrition in older adults include

A) type 2 diabetes and heart disease.
B) the loss of teeth or poorly fitting dentures.
C) a weight 10% above desirable standards.
D) increased energy and nutrient needs.