Deck 6: Measurement

Question 1

Research that is focused on the interpretation of the action of,or representation of meaning created by,individual cases is known as ______________ research.

A) measurement
B) operationalization
C) conceptualization
D) qualitative
E) none of these

Answer 1

D

Question 2

A researcher assigns her observations into categories.She isher variables.

A) indexing
B) compositing
C) coding
D) conceptualizing
E) operationalizing

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Operationalization is specifying what particularwill be used for a variable.

A) concepts
B) indicators
C) dimensions
D) measures
E) none of these

Answer 3

B

Question 4

As discussed in the focal research by Joseph Ferrari,when respondents lie on surveys or falsely state information,this is a source of ________________.

A) validity
B) reliability
C) measurement error
D) interrater method
E) test-retest method

Question 5

What is the problem with the following response set? How old are you?
25 or less
25 to 65
65 or older

A) The concept is not operationalized.
B) The response set is not mutually exclusive.
C) The constructs are multi-dimensional.
D) the conceptual definition
E) none of these

Question 6

A composite measure has the advantage of

A) combining several indicators to arrive at a measure that is more valid than just one.
B) yielding mathematical results.
C) being amenable to quantitative analysis.
D) producing results that can be compared to other indicators.
E) being amenable to qualitative analysis.

Question 7

If a researcher was interested in creating a multidimensional composite measure of "adjustment to adolescence",she
Would create a(n)

A) scale.
B) variable.
C) operational concept.
D) index.
E) all of these

Question 8

A researcher who defines "elite families" as those with annual incomes larger than $250,000 has
This concept.

A) defined
B) operationalized
C) described
D) created a marker for
E) validated

Question 9

error occurs when the measurement we obtain is not accurate.

A) Content
B) Coverage
C) Sampling
D) Measurement
E) Validity

Question 10

Visual analysis is

A) a set of techniques used to analyze images.
B) the process of coding images into categories.
C) the quantifying of pictures into numbers.
D) a technique of summarizing graphic images.
E) none of these

Question 11

is an example of a composite measure.

A) An index
B) A measure of central tendency
C) A statistic
D) A variable
E) none of these

Question 12

What is the process called when a researcher takes an abstract idea and develops a clear,conceptual definition for it?

A) creating indicators
B) conceptualization
C) replication
D) composite measure
E) measurement

Question 13

Which of the following is not a measure that we can use to evaluate reliability?

A) test-retest
B) internal consistency method
C) interrater method
D) comparing means of samples
E) nominal

Question 14

A/nis an index in which some items are given more weight than others.

A) scale
B) composite
C) indicator
D) operator
E) variable

Question 15

When a measure yields the same results time after time,the measure is

A) biased.
B) nominal.
C) exhaustive.
D) reliable.
E) valid.

Question 16

A survey asking five questions measuring marital satisfaction is an example of a(n)

A) nominal measure.
B) ordinal measure.
C) operationalization.
D) conceptualization.
E) index.

Question 17

If a measure yields the same result consistently,we think of it as ameasure.

A) valid
B) reliable
C) handy
D) predictable
E) none of these

Question 18

A researcher is checking the reliability of a measure by comparing results from one time to another.This researcher is using themethod.

A) internal consistency
B) interobserver
C) parallel forms
D) interrater
E) test-retest

Question 19

is the process of clarifying what is meant by a concept.

A) Operationalization
B) Measurement
C) Defining
D) Quantifying
E) Conceptualizing

Question 20

Reliability is

A) the degree to which a measure taps what we think it is measuring.
B) the degree to which a measure yields consistent results.
C) comparing the results of each researcher's findings.
D) a method of checking researcher's conclusions.
E) none of these.

Question 21

The terms concepts and phenomena are interchangeable since both refer to something that is being studied.

Question 22

A measure hasvalidity if it corresponds with behavior that it is supposed to be associated with.

A) content
B) face
C) predictive
D) discrete
E) ecological

Question 23

A researcher designs a survey question asking respondents to indicate their class standing as either: First-Year,Sophomore,Junior,Senior,or Graduate Student.What level of measurement did she use?

A) nominal
B) ordinal
C) interval
D) ratio
E) none of these

Question 24

Quantitative research is focused on variables,including their description and relationships.

Question 25

A nominal measure can only have five categories.

Question 26

If we use Catholic,Protestant,and Jewish to describe religious preference,we have developed exhaustive and mutually exclusive categories.

Question 27

Conceptualization pushes researchers to clearly set forth what they mean when they use specific terms to describe a phenomenon.

Question 28

A set of categories that defines class assignment as freshman,sophomore,junior,and senior is an ordinal level of measurement.

Question 29

If a group of people agree that a measure is measuring what we think it is supposed to be measuring,then the measure hasvalidity.

A) face
B) content
C) criterion
D) concurrent
E) construct

Question 30

Content validity is a test for validity which involves utilizing the judgment of experts in the field.

Question 31

variables are those whose categories can be ranked.

A) Interval
B) Ratio
C) Composite
D) Ordinal
E) Nominal

Question 32

In creating categories with which to categorize phenomena,these must be exhaustive and mutually exclusive.

Question 33

Letter grades given at the end of the term are an example ofmeasurements? calculated GPA's are a
Type of _______________ measurement.

A) ordinal; interval
B) ordinal; ratio
C) interval; ratio
D) nominal; ratio
E) none of these

Question 34

It is pretty easy to take a nominal measure and transform it into a ratio measure.

Question 35

The practical reason for paying attention to levels of measurement is related to

A) conceptualization.
B) summarizing information.
C) operationalizing.
D) creating indexes.
E) none of the above

Question 36

It's easy to create indexes and scales that are both reliable and valid.

Question 37

Multidimensionality refers to concepts that have more than one way of manifesting themselves.

Question 38

Nominal variables are the lowest level of measurement.

Question 39

If a measure is reliable,chances are very good that it is valid as well.

Question 40

Concepts can always be observed directly with direct measurements.

Question 41

What is the difference between reliability and validity?

Question 42

Develop mutually exclusive and exhaustive categories for the variable "involvement of college students in employment." Explain your choices.

Question 43

How would you explain operationalization and conceptualization to someone who has no background in social research?

Question 44

What does it mean for a concept to be multidimensional? Use the example of marital satisfaction and explain how the concept of marital satisfaction can be multidimensional.

Question 45

A higher level of measurement is not much advantage to a researcher since statistical analysis tools are equally available to all levels.

Question 46

Why is it important to consider the level of measurement in study design? Use the example of education and explain how education can be measured in multiple ways.What is the benefit to measuring education on one level of measurement versus another?