Deck 14: Film-Screen Imaging

Question 1

What factors affect the film speed?
1) Color of the silver halide crystals
2) Size of the silver halide crystals
3) Number of silver halide crystals

A) color of the silver halide crystals and size of the silver halide crystals only
B) color of the silver halide crystals and number of silver halide crystals only
C) size of the silver halide crystals and number of silver halide crystals only
D) color of the silver halide crystals, size of the silver halide crystals, and number of silver halide crystals

Answer 1

size of the silver halide crystals and number of silver halide crystals only

Question 2

Orthochromatic film is sensitive to

A) blue light
B) green light
C) red light
D) any light

Answer 2

green light

Question 3

This is the film characteristic regarding how gray or black and white the image is

A) film speed
B) film latitude
C) film contrast
D) spectral sensitivity

Answer 3

film contrast

Question 4

Using blue-sensitive film with green light-emitting screens is an example of poor

A) spectral matching
B) spectral sensitivity
C) spectral emission
D) spectral sensitivity and spectral emission

Question 5

The color of light produced by an intensifying screen is the

A) spectral matching
B) spectral sensitivity
C) spectral emission
D) spectral sensitivity and spectral emission

Question 6

According to the Gurney-Mott theory, _____________ are attracted to the sensitivity specks in the silver halide crystal after exposure to light or radiation

A) electrons
B) metallic silver
C) gelatin
D) silver ions

Question 7

In film-screen imaging, film is the medium for

A) processing
B) display
C) image acquisition
D) All of these

Question 8

The latent image center is

A) several sensitivity specks with silver ions attached
B) what will become metallic silver after chemical processing
C) what will become radiographic density after chemical processing
D) All of these

Question 9

Factors evaluated for a quality radiographic film image include:
1) Sharpness
2) Contrast
3) Density

A) sharpness and contrast only
B) sharpness and density only
C) constrast and density only
D) sharpness, contrast, and density

Question 10

The most important layer for creating the image; the layer of the film that is sensitive to light or radiation is the

A) blue dye
B) emulsion
C) gelatin
D) silver halide

Question 11

The range of radiation exposures that will provide diagnostic optical densities is

A) film speed
B) film latitude
C) film contrast
D) spectral sensitivity

Question 12

The Gurney-Mott theory explains the process of

A) chemical processing
B) x-ray production
C) latent image formation
D) histogram analysis

Question 13

Intensifying screens are used to

A) reduce patient exposure
B) convert light photons to x-ray photons
C) convert x-ray photons to light photons
D) reduce patient exposure and convert x-ray photons to light photons

Question 14

The latent film image is the image

A) before exposure to exit radiation
B) after exposure to exit radiation and before chemical processing
C) after chemical processing
D) in digital imaging only

Question 15

How sensitive the film is to x-rays or light is the

A) film speed
B) film latitude
C) film contrast
D) spectral sensitivity

Question 16

The material in the base that reduces eye strain is the

A) blue dye or tint
B) emulsion
C) gelatin
D) silver halide

Question 17

The color of light to which a particular film most responds to is

A) film speed
B) film latitude
C) film contrast
D) spectral sensitivity

Question 18

The manifest image

A) is the image after exposure to exit radiation and before chemical processing
B) is the image after chemical processing
C) is the radiographic image
D) is the image after chemical processing and is the radiographic image

Question 19

The material in the film emulsion that is responsive to radiation or light is the

A) blue dye
B) emulsion
C) gelatin
D) silver halide

Question 20

The material in the film emulsion that supports the silver halide crystals is the

A) blue dye
B) emulsion
C) gelatin
D) silver halide

Question 21

Poor film-screen contact results in an area of the radiograph that

A) is sharp
B) is unsharp
C) has high contrast
D) is white

Question 22

The rare earth phosphors are used in the intensifying screen to

A) protect the active layer
B) convert x-rays to light photons
C) convert light photons to x-rays
D) provide physical support for the active layer

Question 23

Absorption efficiency is the intensifying screen's

A) ability to attenuate the x-ray photons
B) ability to produce light from the x-ray photons absorbed
C) speed
D) luminescence

Question 24

The relative speed of an extremity or detail screen-film system is approximately

A) 50
B) 100
C) 400
D) 800

Question 25

Conversion efficiency is the intensifying screen's

A) ability to attenuate the x-ray photons
B) ability to produce light from the x-ray photons absorbed
C) speed
D) luminescence

Question 26

The test tool to evaluate film-screen contact is the

A) densitometer
B) sensitometer
C) wire mesh
D) penetrometer

Question 27

When using two intensifying screens, the front screen is found

A) outside of and in front of the cassette
B) inside the cassette, away from the tube
C) inside the cassette, facing the tube
D) outside and in back of the cassette

Question 28

What new mAs will maintain radiographic density when changing from a 200 speed to a 400 fill-screen system using 20 mAs?

A) 5
B) 10
C) 30
D) 40

Question 29

Which of the following is the correct sequence for automatic film processing?

A) Washing, fixing, developing, drying
B) Fixing, washing, developing, drying
C) Developing, washing, fixing, drying
D) Developing, fixing, washing, drying

Question 30

The capability of a screen to produce visible light is called

A) film speed
B) luminescence
C) screen speed
D) spectral emission

Question 31

The ability of phosphors to emit visible light only while exposed to x-rays is

A) fluorescence
B) brightness
C) density
D) spectral emission

Question 32

The relative speed of a standard or fast screen-film system is approximately

A) 50
B) 100
C) 400
D) 800

Question 33

The purpose of film processing is to convert the _______________ image to the________________ image

A) manifest; manifest
B) manifest; latent
C) latent; manifest
D) latent; latent

Question 34

The most important c of the intensifying screen is the

A) base
B) phosphor layer
C) protective layer
D) absorbing layer

Question 35

With a film-screen IR, __________ of the total energy exposing the film is light energy from the intensifying screens

A) 1-10%
B) 15-25%
C) 40-60%
D) 90-99%

Question 36

Having a reflective layer in an intensifying screen results in the screen having a(n) ________ screen speed

A) slower
B) faster
C) identical
D) half the

Question 37

The thicker the phosphor layer of an intensifying screen, the _______ light will be produced, and the ________ the screen speed

A) more; slower
B) more; faster
C) less; slower
D) less; faster

Question 38

A slower film-screen system has ___________ recorded detail and needs ________ mAs

A) worse; less
B) worse; more
C) better; less
D) better; more

Question 39

The smaller the crystal in the phosphor layer of an intensifying screen, the _______ light will be produced, and the ________ the screen speed

A) less; slower
B) less; faster
C) more; slower
D) more; faster

Question 40

For a _____________ screen speed, the recorded detail is __________________.

A) faster; increased
B) faster; decreased
C) slower; increased
D) faster; decreased and slower; increased

Question 41

_______________ is a flat metal surface that helps to align the film as it enters the processor

A) Recirculation
B) The feed tray
C) The standby control
D) Replenishment

Question 42

Radiographic film should be stored

A) horizontally or flat
B) away from heat and ionizing radiation
C) after it is taken out of its original packaging, to save space in the darkroom
D) all of these

Question 43

Reducing agents are found in the

A) developer
B) dryer
C) fixer
D) none of these

Question 44

The purpose of washing is to remove

A) dirt from the film
B) fixer solution from the film
C) developer solution from film
D) fixer solution from the film and developer solution from film

Question 45

_______________ involves the addition of fresh chemicals to the fixer and developer solutions to maintain their activity.

A) Recirculation
B) The feed tray
C) The standby control
D) Replenishment

Question 46

Which of the following statements are correct when using film-screen IRs.
1) Increasing the mAs will increase radiographic density.
2) Decreasing kVp will decrease radiographic density.
3) Changing the intensity of exposure has no effect on radiographic density.

A) increasing the mAs will increase radiographic density and decreasing kVp will decrease radiographic density only
B) increasing the mAs will increase radiographic density and changing the intensity of exposure has no effect on radiographic density only
C) decreasing kVp will decrease radiographic density and changing the intensity of exposure has no effect on radiographic density only
D) changing the intensity of exposure has no effect on radiographic density only

Question 47

Which of the following is a part of a darkroom and processor quality control program?

A) Perform safelight fog test
B) Check replenishment rates
C) Determine the pH level of the fixer and developer solutions
D) All of these are part of a recommended darkroom and processor quality control program

Question 48

When the processor is not being used, _______________ stops the rollers from turning. It needs to be activated when it is time to start processing again

A) recirculation
B) the feed tray
C) the standby control
D) replenishment

Question 49

The "hypo" is a

A) fixing agent
B) washing agent
C) developing agent
D) drying agent

Question 50

The developer solution

A) is acidic
B) is alkaline
C) removes silver halide from the film
D) stops the development process

Question 51

Washing the film uses a process called

A) infusion
B) diffusion
C) synergy
D) disfusion

Question 52

The fixing stage

A) hardens the emulsion
B) removes unexposed silver halide crystals
C) makes the image permanent
D) All of these

Question 53

Developer temperature in most automatic film processors is approximately

A) 72-76°F
B) 78-83°F
C) 93-95°F
D) 103-108°F

Question 54

The fixer solution

A) is acidic
B) is alkaline
C) makes the latent image visible
D) continues the development process

Question 55

Silver recovery is important because:
1) it's a natural resource
2) it's a heavy metal
3) it can be toxic to environment

A) it's a natural resource and it's a heavy metal only
B) it's a natural resource and it can be toxic to environment only
C) it's a heavy metal and it can be toxic to environment only
D) it's a natural resource, it's a heavy metal, and it can be toxic to environment

Question 56

_______________ system keeps the chemicals mixed, which helps maintain solution activity, agitation, and maintains solution temperature.

A) The Recirculation
B) The feed tray
C) The standby control
D) The Replenishment

Question 57

Phenidone and hydroquinone are

A) fixing agents
B) washing agents
C) developing agents
D) drying agents

Question 58

Over time there is an accumulation of silver in the

A) developer solution
B) fixer solution
C) washing solution
D) dryer

Question 59

Kodak Wratten 6B and Kodak GBX are types of

A) films
B) processors
C) safelight filters
D) light bulbs

Question 60

For film archival quality, how much moisture needs to remain in the film after chemical processing?

A) 0%
B) 5%
C) 10%
D) 25%

Question 61

What film characteristics can be evaluated by comparing sensitometric curves?
1) speed
2) film type
3) exposure latitude

A) speed and film type only
B) speed and exposure latitude only
C) film type and exposure latitude only
D) speed, film type, and exposure latitude

Question 62

Intensifying screens do not need cleaning because they never get exposed to dust or dirt.

Question 63

Which of the following is correct regarding the relationship between exposure latitude and film contrast.

A) narrow latitude film has low contrast
B) wide latitude film has high contrast
C) narrow latitude film has high contrast
D) exposure latitude has no relationship with a film's contrast

Question 64

A radiograph with a larger number of densities but little differences among them describes:

A) high contrast
B) low contrast
C) long-scale contrast
D) low contrast and long-scale contrast

Question 65

What region of a sensitometric curve are diagnostic densities produced in?

A) shoulder
B) toe
C) heel
D) straight-line

Question 66

Which of the following explains the relationship between the intensity of radiation exposure to the film and the amount of density produced after processing?

A) Histogram analysis
B) Gurney Mott theory
C) Sensitometry
D) Nyquist theorem

Question 67

Sensitometric curves positioned to the left (closer to the y-axis) are slower in speed than films positioned to the right (farther from the y-axis).

Question 68

The humidity in the darkroom should be as low as possible.

Question 69

Calculating a film's average gradient determines what characteristic?

A) speed
B) exposure latitude
C) contrast
D) film type

Question 70

Film-screens have a wide dynamic range.

Question 71

What device determines the amount of light transmitted through film and calculates optical density?

A) densitometer
B) sensitometer
C) odometer
D) optimeter

Question 72

What can be said about radiographic film quality when optical densities lie within the straight-line region of a sensitometric curve?
1) maximum contrast
2) optimum density
3) visibility of recorded details is optimal

A) maximum contrast and optimum density only
B) maximum contrast and visibility of recorded details is optimal only
C) optimum density and visibility of recorded details is optimal only
D) maximum contrast, optimum density, and visibility of recorded details is optimal

Question 73

In sensitometry, for every 0.3 change in log relative exposure, the intensity of radiation exposure changes by a factor of _______.

A) 2
B) 3
C) 4
D) 5