Deck 1: Overview of Race and Crime

Question 1

The California gold rush of the mid-1850s increased the immigration of which group to America?

A) Mexicans
B) Chinese
C) West Indians
D) Koreans

Answer 1

B

Question 2

In the late 1600s, 13 German families arrived in ______ and represented the beginning of mass German immigration to the United States.

A) Boston
B) New York
C) Philadelphia
D) Jamestown

Answer 2

C

Question 3

It has been suggested that the term ______ should replace "Minority" when referring to racial and ethnic groups.

A) perpetual outsiders
B) people of color
C) mixed background
D) visible groups

Answer 3

B

Question 4

______ allowed Mexicans to come to the United States to do agricultural work during World War II.

A) Dawes Act
B) Mexican Immigration Act
C) Bracero Program
D) Mexican-American Agreement

Question 5

The largest ethnic minority group in America is ______.

A) Asian Americans
B) Native Americans
C) Latinos/Hispanics
D) African Americans

Question 6

______ is the Supreme Court case that considered whether the collection of DNA from a suspect constitutes an unreasonable search and seizure.

A) Ohio v. Terry
B) Young v. Maryland
C) Virginia v. Brown
D) Maryland v. King

Question 7

Native Americans arrived in North America over ______ years ago.

A) 300
B) 3,000
C) 30,000
D) 300,000

Question 8

______ is credited with being the first scientist to classify humans into distinct races.

A) Charles Darwin
B) Benjamin Franklin
C) Cesare Lombroso
D) Francois Bernier

Question 9

When was the first settlement of Germans in America?

A) 1600s
B) 1400s
C) 1500s
D) 1700s

Question 10

According to the 2015 census, which of the following Asian American groups has the largest population in the United States?

A) Korean
B) Japanese
C) Vietnamese
D) Chinese

Question 11

______ placed a stringent quota on the number of Italians who could immigrate to the country.

A) Italian Removal Act
B) Immigration Act of 1897
C) Immigration Act of 1905
D) Immigration Act of 1924

Question 12

Which one of the following enactments ended slavery throughout the United States?

A) Emancipation Proclamation
B) Thirteenth Amendment
C) Convict Lease System
D) Fifteenth Amendment

Question 13

______ is the racial/ethnic group in America with the highest level of education and median household income.

A) Black/African American
B) Hispanic/Latino
C) Asian Americans
D) Whites

Question 14

______ became a commonwealth of the United States in the 1950s.

A) Cuba
B) Mexico
C) Puerto Rico
D) Dominican Republic

Question 15

______ was structured to ensure the return of runaway slaves.

A) Fugitive Slave Act
B) Slave Patrol Act
C) Slave Recovery Act
D) Slave Disobedience Act

Question 16

This document stipulated that participating countries should allow for the searching of vessels in an effort to end the international slave trade ______.

A) Treaty of Ghent
B) Treaty of Paris
C) Treaty of Ghana
D) Treaty of Brazil

Question 17

Which of the following acts provided Native Americans with reservation lands?

A) Indian Reorganization Act
B) Indian Removal Act
C) Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act
D) The Dawes Act

Question 18

The Indian Removal Act of 1830 required Native Americans to ______.

A) emigrate to Canada
B) move west of the Mississippi
C) flee to Europe
D) move south

Question 19

The first Jews who arrived in America were of what origin?

A) Hispanic
B) French
C) West Indian
D) German

Question 20

Having prejudicial attitudes toward a particular group, in many instances, can lead to discriminatory actions. Which of the following represents a discriminatory action based on prejudice?

A) denying a rental application based upon an applicant's religion
B) denying an employment application based upon a felony conviction
C) cutting off a driver in rush hour traffic
D) ignoring a door-to-door salesman

Question 21

Border states have reacted with legislation to stem the rising number of illegal immigrants. ______ and others have enacted numerous measures to restrict the benefits (e.g., medical, educational) and rights (e.g., due process) of illegal immigrants in their states.

A) Colorado, New Mexico, and Texas
B) Colorado, Utah, and New Mexico
C) Arizona, Texas, and California
D) Arizona, Colorado, and California

Question 22

Briefly explain the difference between prejudice and discrimination.

Question 23

Implicit bias exists when prejudicial views are used to make decisions. Which of the following represents implicit bias?

A) An officer patrols a specific neighborhood more often due to the arrests that have occurred there over the past year.
B) An officer applies handcuffs to two Asian American men that are involved in a physical altercation.
C) An officer pulls over a White female whose vehicle fits the profile of a wanted suspect.
D) An officer pulls over an African American male who is slowly driving through a middle class neighborhood.

Question 24

______ are generally held together by a common language, culture, group spirit (nationalism or group solidarity), or geography (most typically originate from the same region.

A) ethnic groups
B) race group
C) religions
D) population groups

Question 25

______ was the riot that caused the single greatest loss of life in New York City prior to September 11.

A) Draft Riot of 1863
B) Sailor Riot of 1919
C) New York City Riot of 1961
D) New York City Riot of 1950

Question 26

______ is a negative attitude toward a particular group. This is usually in the form of stereotypes that result in people making negative generalizations about an entire group.

A) Prejudice
B) Hate crime
C) Ethnic disparity
D) Discrimination

Question 27

Upon arrival in the Americas, it is clear from their actions that Christopher Columbus and his followers viewed the native people (then referred to as "Indians," now referred to as "Native Americans") as inferior.

Question 28

During their initial contact with Europeans, Native Americans assisted the newcomers with advice on how to survive in their new environment.

Question 29

From 1790 to the mid-1800s, there were no treaties signed between Whites and Native Americans.

Question 30

Following the enactment of the Thirteenth Amendment in 1865, which ended slavery throughout the United States, many African Americans chose to remain in the South.

Question 31

Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson, and other colonial leaders admired and were influenced by the democratic institutions of certain indigenous nations such as the ______.

A) Asians
B) Cherokee
C) Iroquois
D) Arabs

Question 32

The term ______ comes from the Greek word ethnos, which means "nation."

A) prejudice
B) race
C) ethnicity
D) minority

Question 33

To encourage immigration to the colonies, in 1649 the Toleration Act was passed, which ensured religious freedom for Catholics.

Question 34

In the 10 Precepts of American Slavery Jurisprudence, Blacks were denied all family rights, except the right of marriage.

Question 35

______ is the "unequal treatment of a person or persons based on group membership."

A) Prejudice
B) Racial profiling
C) Ethnic profiling
D) Discrimination

Question 36

During the Reconstruction Era, whipping became the means used to intimidate and handle those who challenged the racist White power structure.

Question 37

In the early 1950s, Congress enacted legislation called termination, which called for an end to the reservation system and to the special relationships between the tribes and the federal government.

Question 38

In the case of ______, the "separate but equal" decision was hailed by Southern bigots. This decision was significant in that it gave Whites legal support to enforce some of their ideas concerning White supremacy and the separation of the races.

A) Ohio v. Terry
B) Young v. Maryland
C) Plessy v. Ferguson
D) Maryland v. King

Question 39

DNA cannot be used to identify the race of an offender in a criminal investigation.

Question 40

______ developed the first taxonomy of race. In his 1795 work, "On the Natural Variety of Mankind," he separated the inhabitants of the earth into five races: Ethiopian (African or Negroid), Mongolian (Asian), American (Native American), Malaysian (Pacific Islander), and Caucasian (White).

A) Johann Friedrich Blumenbach
B) François Bernier
C) Bartolomé De Las Casas
D) John Anderson

Question 41

Briefly explain the controversy surrounding familial DNA testing.

Question 42

The "Trail of Tears" resulted in the death of thousands of Native Americans. What group later investigated the massacre? What did they determine led to Native American aggression at that time?

Question 43

Most scholars see the terms race and ethnicity as culturally relevant rather than biologically relevant. Compare positive and negative considerations of this position.

Question 44

Briefly explain how the model minority label attached to Asians might benefit them in the justice system.

Question 45

The terms organized crime and mafia became synonymous with Italians following their immigration to the United States. One congressional report described Italian immigrants as morally deficient, excitable, superstitious, and vengeful. Is this an example of implicit bias? Explain your answer.

Question 46

Briefly explain the impact of World War II on the assimilation of German Americans.

Question 47

How did Article VI of the U.S. Constitution, which banned religious discrimination, impact the assimilation of Jewish Americans in the United States? Explain your answer.

Question 48

Enslaving Native Americans did not appeal to the colonists because, besides feeling that they would not hold up under slave conditions, they were aware that the natives were familiar with the terrain, which would have permitted easy escape. For the next two centuries, African Americans would serve as the primary labor force keeping the Southern economy afloat. Categorize factors of prejudice, discrimination, and/or implicit bias represented by each group during this period.

Question 49

Border states, including Arizona, Texas, and California, have enacted measures to restrict the benefits and rights of illegal immigrants in their states. Describe the types of restrictions that have been implemented.

Question 50

The Census Bureau is leaning toward adopting a combined question about race and ethnicity. Compare positive and negative considerations of this potential change.

Question 51

Briefly explain the impact of organized crime on the assimilation of Italian Americans.

Question 52

Relying on 2010 census data, there were approximately 11 million more persons of Mexican descent in the United States in 2010 than there were in 2000. This trend has resulted in concerns not only about immigration in general but also illegal immigration. Are these concerns justified? Explain your answer.

Question 53

Analyze the factors that the potato famine in Ireland had on the immigration of Irish Americans during the 17th century. Identify those that were most significant to their immigration.

Question 54

Briefly explain the impact of the "Great Migration" to race demographics in the United States following the turn of the 20th century.