Deck 18: Drugs

Question 1

The evidence that aspirin may lower risk of stroke seems to be related to its

A) antipyretic properties.
B) analgesic properties.
C) anti-inflammatory properties.
D) anti-coagulant properties.

Answer 1

anti-coagulant properties.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a semisynthetic drug?

A) aspirin
B) heroin
C) LSD
D) morphine

Answer 2

morphine

Question 3

NSAIDs

A) encourage blood clotting.
B) slow down baldness.
C) reduce body temperature.
D) reduce nausea.

Answer 3

reduce body temperature.

Question 4

A "nonaspirin pain reliever" usually does NOT mean

A) a stronger dose of aspirin.
B) naproxen.
C) ibuprofen.
D) caffeine.

Question 5

Which of the following provides the best definition of a drug? It is a chemical substance that

A) is a pain-reliever.
B) can be used to treat an illness.
C) can be used to improve one's state of health or well-being.
D) affects the functioning of living things.

Question 6

An antipyretic is a drug that relieves

A) fever.
B) inflammation.
C) allergic symptoms.
D) pain.

Question 7

Which of the following is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)?

A) acetaminophen.
B) caffeine.
C) phenacetin.
D) ibuprofen.

Question 8

Antihistamines are chemicals that

A) cure colds.
B) relieve some of the symptoms of allergies and colds.
C) relieve aches and pains associated with colds and flu.
D) relieve fevers.

Question 9

According to the author of the text, which of the following is believed by many to the best treatment for the common cold?

A) chicken soup
B) antitussives
C) expectorants
D) nasal decongestants

Question 10

Salicyclic acid, the precursor to aspirin, is found in

A) ginkgo leaves.
B) willow leaves.
C) oak bark.
D) star fruit.

Question 11

The fact that acetaminophen is prescribed more frequently in hospitals than aspirin is probably due to the fact that acetaminophen is NOT

A) an anticoagulant.
B) an antipyretic.
C) an anti-inflammatory.
D) synthetic.

Question 12

Studies seem to indicate that small daily doses of aspirin lower the risk of

A) heart attack.
B) anthrax.
C) cancer.
D) polio.

Question 13

Prolonged use of aspirin may lead to

A) mental disorders.
B) gastrointestinal problems.
C) joint swelling.
D) liver damage.

Question 14

You want a very powerful pain reliever that is significantly "stronger than aspirin" to relieve pain following surgery. You get it by

A) taking Excedrin.
B) taking Anacin.
C) taking Advil.
D) obtaining a prescription.

Question 15

A substance that causes an allergic reaction triggers the release of a class of substances known as

A) allergens.
B) antibodies.
C) antigens.
D) histamines.

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a natural source of drugs?

A) Madagascar periwinkle
B) poppies
C) microorganisms
D) All are natural sources of drugs.

Question 17

The only expectorant that the FDA panel has approved to be safe and effective is

A) ephedrine.
B) codeine.
C) cocaine.
D) guaifenesin.

Question 18

After dental surgery, the physician usually recommends acetaminophen rather than aspirin for relief of pain because

A) acetaminophen is less expensive.
B) acetaminophen is more effective for relief of pain.
C) acetaminophen is more effective for reduction of inflammation.
D) aspirin promotes bleeding.

Question 19

Which of the following types of drugs would be used as a pain reliever?

A) analgesic
B) antibiotic
C) antipyretic
D) anticoagulant

Question 20

Which of the following symptoms will be relieved by antihistamines?

A) sleeplessness.
B) drowsiness.
C) irritability.
D) sneezing and runny nose.

Question 21

The first antibacterial drugs were

A) sulfa drugs.
B) ibuprofen.
C) penicillin.
D) naproxin.

Question 22

Which compound was originally proposed as a "cure" for morphine addiction?

A) codeine
B) heroin
C) cocaine
D) aspirin

Question 23

An example of a narcotic is

A) aspirin.
B) naproxen.
C) meperidine.
D) vitamin E.

Question 24

The discovery of opiate receptors in the human brain led to the discovery of

A) amphetamines.
B) barbiturates.
C) endorphins.
D) LSD.

Question 25

"Soldier's disease" after the U.S. Civil War was

A) dysentery.
B) infection.
C) blindness.
D) morphine addiction.

Question 26

Which of the following types of drugs would be used as a cough suppressant?

A) analgesic
B) anticoagulant
C) antipyretic
D) antitussive

Question 27

Endorphins are composed of

A) morphinelike molecules.
B) amino acids.
C) glucose.
D) nucleic acids.

Question 28

A "black box" warning is

A) a list of ingredients in a black box.
B) the strongest warning a medicine label can provide.
C) a list of uses in a black box.
D) dosage requirements in a black box.

Question 29

Heroin antagonists are effective at

A) speeding up the breakdown of heroin.
B) chemically modifying heroin to make it less narcotic.
C) enhancing the euphoria associated with heroin.
D) blocking the binding of heroin to receptors in the brain.

Question 30

Codeine is usually produced as a

A) completely synthetic drug.
B) slight chemical modification of cocaine.
C) slight chemical modification of morphine.
D) slight chemical modification of opium.

Question 31

In the nineteenth century, this natural product was a common ingredient in many "patent medicines."

A) acetaminophen
B) novocaine
C) LSD
D) opium

Question 32

Methadone, an addictive narcotic, is used as a treatment for

A) schizophrenia.
B) high blood pressure.
C) depression.
D) heroin addiction.

Question 33

In 1900, the leading cause of death in the United States was

A) heart disease.
B) infectious disease.
C) cancer.
D) stroke.

Question 34

A side effect of morphine use is

A) itching.
B) hair less.
C) constipation.
D) flu symptons.

Question 35

There is some evidence that ________ are produced by humans during acupuncture.

A) acetaminophen molecules
B) endorphin molecules
C) aspirin molecules
D) all of the above

Question 36

Drugs that block the action of other substances are called

A) agonists.
B) antagonists.
C) addictives.
D) analgesics.

Question 37

Endorphins appear to be the body's own

A) analgesics.
B) antipyretics.
C) anti-inflammatories.
D) anticoagulants.

Question 38

The frequency of heroin overdose among heroin addicts is probably the result of

A) decreasing tolerance to the drug.
B) variable quality control among heroin suppliers.
C) synergistic effects with alcohol.
D) reuse of hypodermic needles.

Question 39

An expectorant

A) reduces the swelling of nasal passages.
B) helps bring up mucus from the bronchial passages.
C) lowers a fever.
D) increases the effectiveness of neurotransmitters.

Question 40

Heroin is an easy to prepare derivative of

A) morphine.
B) codeine.
C) cocaine.
D) phenobarbital.

Question 41

In infected cells, RNA viruses directly

A) interfere with carbohydrate synthesis.
B) interfere with cell membrane construction.
C) interfere with protein synthesis.
D) interfere with all of the above cell processes.

Question 42

Viruses are usually composed of combinations of

A) carbohydrates and nucleic acids.
B) proteins and nucleic acids.
C) fats and proteins.
D) proteins and carbohydrates.

Question 43

Which of the following statements about vaccines is NOT correct?

A) Smallpox vaccinations are no longer given in the United States.
B) The MMR vaccine should be given to children before they enter kindergarten.
C) There is no proven link between the MMR vaccine and autism.
D) One of the earliest vaccines protected people against smallpox.

Question 44

Which antibacterial drug interferes with the formation of cell walls in bacteria?

A) sulfa drugs
B) penicillin
C) tetracyclines
D) PABA

Question 45

In 2009, the leading cause of death in the United States was

A) heart disease.
B) infectious disease.
C) cancer.
D) accidents.

Question 46

One of the disadvantages of sulfa drugs is

A) damage to the kidneys.
B) damage to the brain.
C) that they cause euphoria.
D) damage to the liver.

Question 47

Drugs in the tetracycline group are called broad-spectrum antibiotics because they

A) require exposure to light in order to be effective.
B) are active against a wide variety of bacteria.
C) have very few side-effects.
D) do not have any organisms that are resistant to them.

Question 48

Compounds related to penicillins are

A) cephalosporins.
B) NSAIDs.
C) opiates.
D) sulfanilamides.

Question 49

Tetracyclines bind to bacterial ribosomes and inhibit bacterial

A) energy conversion.
B) cell membrane formation.
C) DNA replication in the cell nucleus.
D) protein synthesis.

Question 50

The genetic material of a virus is

A) always DNA.
B) either DNA or RNA.
C) always RNA.
D) neither RNA or DNA.

Question 51

HIV is the virus that causes

A) AIDS.
B) hypertension.
C) the common cold.
D) chickenpox.

Question 52

The simplest sulfa drug is

A) fluoroquinolone.
B) ephedrine.
C) sulfanilamide.
D) iodine.

Question 53

Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a

A) bacterial infection.
B) viral infection.
C) mutagenic disease.
D) genetically inherited disease.

Question 54

Retroviruses are

A) RNA viruses that synthesize DNA.
B) RNA viruses that interfere directly with protein synthesis.
C) DNA viruses that synthesize RNA.
D) DNA viruses that interfere directly with protein synthesis.

Question 55

One class of cancer drugs is the antimetabolites. These compounds interfere with

A) DNA synthesis.
B) energy conversion.
C) protein synthesis.
D) cell membrane production.

Question 56

Which of the following is NOT true of combinatorial chemistry?

A) A set of chemicals is reacted to form all possible combinations.
B) Each product is tested for biological activity.
C) The process of combinatorial chemistry is highly automated.
D) Most of the compounds made are used as effective drugs.

Question 57

In 1900, half of the top ten causes of death in the United States were related to

A) heart disease.
B) infections.
C) cancer.
D) accidents.

Question 58

Which of the following are NOT used as antiviral drugs in the treatment of HIV and AIDS?

A) antipyretics
B) nucleoside analogs
C) protease inhibitors
D) reverse transcriptase inhibitors

Question 59

ddI is a drug used to treat

A) AIDS.
B) chickenpox.
C) vomiting.
D) herpes.

Question 60

In infected cells, DNA viruses directly

A) interfere with DNA replication.
B) interfere with cell membrane construction.
C) interfere with protein synthesis.
D) interfere with all of the above cell processes.

Question 61

The first commercially available female contraceptive drug was approved by the FDA in

A) 1935.
B) 1950.
C) 1960.
D) 1975.

Question 62

Nitrogen mustards have been proven particularly effective against which type of cancer?

A) leukemia
B) lung cancer
C) stomach cancer
D) brain cancer

Question 63

Nitrogen mustards are

A) bifunctional alkylating agents that act by cross-linking two DNA strands.
B) antimetabolites that are incorporated into proteins.
C) pseudo fatty acids that interfere with the synthesis of cell membranes.
D) quaternary amines that inhibit cell division.

Question 64

The female sex hormones that control the development of female characteristics are called

A) cortisols.
B) estrogens.
C) NSAIDs.
D) androgens.

Question 65

Compounds that have the same characteristic skeletal, four-ring structure are

A) sugars.
B) steroids.
C) proteins.
D) amino acids.

Question 66

Female birth control drugs attempt to mimic the structure and properties of

A) testosterone.
B) norethindrone.
C) estrone.
D) progesterone.

Question 67

Cholesterol is an example of

A) a steroid with very specific hormonal activity.
B) a steroid with very general hormonal activity.
C) a steroid with reproductive hormonal activity.
D) a steroid with no known hormonal activity.

Question 68

The female sex hormone that is particularly important during pregnancy is

A) androgen.
B) estrogen.
C) estradiol.
D) progesterone.

Question 69

The nitrogen mustard used in drug therapy is

A) HN_1.
B) HN_2.
C) Cytoxan.
D) HN_3.

Question 70

RU-486 is a drug that blocks the action of progesterone and

A) prevents pregnancy.
B) ends pregnancy.
C) promotes pregnancy.
D) prevents bleeding during pregnancy.

Question 71

Male sex hormones are produced in the

A) brain.
B) adrenal gland.
C) testes.
D) pancreas.

Question 72

Which of the following types of drugs is NOT used in the treatment of high blood pressure?

A) beta blockers
B) calcium channel blockers
C) diuretics
D) sulfa drugs

Question 73

A widely used anticancer drug is methotrexate. Methotrexate is a(n)

A) antimetabolite agent.
B) alkylating agent.
C) radioactive agent.
D) light induced agent.

Question 74

The nitrogen mustards act by attaching ________ groups to compounds of biological importance.

A) carboxyl
B) amine
C) chlorine
D) alkyl

Question 75

A class of molecules that works at very low concentrations in mediating hormonal activity has been studied and used to treat a variety of problems, including blood pressure, heart disease, and asthma. This group of compounds is known as the

A) hormones.
B) prostaglandins.
C) amino acids.
D) polymers.

Question 76

Which of the following statements about how ECPs and RU-486 work is most correct?

A) Both ECPs and RU-486 prevent pregnancy.
B) ECPs prevent pregnancy, while RU-486 ends pregnancy at an early stage.
C) ECPs end pregnancy at an early stage, while RU-486 prevents pregnancy.
D) Both ECPs and RU-486 end pregnancy at an early stage.

Question 77

Some nitrogen mustards that were originally developed as chemical warfare agents are used in the treatment of

A) hypertension.
B) viral infection.
C) cancer.
D) AIDS.

Question 78

The general name for the male sex hormones is

A) androgens.
B) estrogens.
C) progesterones.
D) testosterones.

Question 79

Hormones are produced by the

A) cardiovascular system.
B) central nervous system.
C) endocrine system.
D) auditory system.

Question 80

Which of the following is NOT a steroid?

A) arachidonic acid
B) testosterone
C) cortisol
D) methandrostenolone