Deck 11: Sampling: Quantitative and Qualitative Approaches

Question 1

A sampling interval of 5 was used to select a sample from a population of 1,000.How many elements are to be in the sample?

A)5.
B)50.
C)100.
D)200.
E)1,000.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Quantitative studies and qualitative studies are equally likely to employ probability sampling procedures.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Snowball sampling is used when the members of a population are difficult to locate.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Sampling error can be reduced through an increase in the sample size of probability samples.

Question 5

You want to draw a representative sample of social workers employed in domestic violence programs.You have a list of all such programs,but not of their staff members.Your survey will involve face-to-face interviews,and your travel budget is limited to visiting 10 cities.What kind of sampling design would you use?

A)simple random sampling.
B)quota sampling.
C)multistage cluster sampling.
D)stratified sampling.
E)available sampling.

Question 6

The terms population and sampling frame are synonymous.

Question 7

To obtain samples of the same size from strata of varying sizes,it would be necessary to use

A)simple random sampling.
B)systematic sampling.
C)proportionate stratified sampling.
D)disproportionate stratified sampling.
E)quota sampling.

Question 8

Which of the following statements is/are true about qualitative sampling methods?

A)They are less complicated than quantitative sampling methods.
B)They always rely on available subjects.
C)They might involve purposively selecting deviant cases.
D)All of these.

Question 9

Using probability sampling,each member of the population has an equal chance of being selected for the sample.

Question 10

Cluster sampling is a useful sampling procedure for large populations that are geographically scattered.

Question 11

Which of the following statements is true about availability sampling in quantitative studies?

A)It is too risky to ever yield results that can be of value.
B)It is very risky but can yield useful results in some instances.
C)Its risks are minimal.
D)None of these.

Question 12

You are doing research on hospital personnel-orderlies,technicians,nurses,and doctors.You want to be sure you draw a sample that has cases in each of the personnel categories.You want to use probability sampling.An appropriate strategy would be

A)simple random sampling.
B)quota sampling.
C)cluster sampling.
D)stratified sampling.
E)accidental sampling.

Question 13

Drawing a purposive judgmental sample

A)allows researchers to use their prior knowledge about the topic.
B)enlists the aid of uninformed respondents.
C)results in a sample that has no researcher bias.
D)ensures a representative sample.

Question 14

Probability samples are advantageous to the researcher because

A)the method by which they are selected limits conscious and unconscious sampling bias, and the accuracy or representativeness of the sample can be estimated.
B)there is no sampling error whatsoever.
C)they always are perfectly and precisely representative of the population from which they are drawn.
D)all of these.

Question 15

Selecting a sample that the researcher believes will yield the most comprehensive understanding of a subject based on an intuitive "feel" for the subject is employing quota sampling.

Question 16

Every kth element in a list is chosen for inclusion in the sample in

A)simple random sampling.
B)systematic sampling.
C)disproportionate sampling.
D)cluster sampling.
E)stratified sampling.

Question 17

If a qualitative researcher wanted to learn a community organization's pattern of recruitment over time,the researcher might begin by interviewing a fairly recent recruit and asking who introduced that person to the organization.Then the researcher might interview the person named and ask who introduced that person to the community organization.This would be an example of

A)snowball sampling.
B)systematic sampling.
C)deviant cases sampling.
D)accidental sampling.
E)quota sampling.

Question 18

You want to examine the relationship between family size and family cohesion.You use as your sample all the students in this research methods class.What kind of sampling design are you using?

A)simple random sampling.
B)quota sampling.
C)cluster sampling.
D)stratified sampling.
E)available sampling.

Question 19

In qualitative inquiry,purposive sampling can be used to select deviant cases as well as representative cases.

Question 20

The unit about which information is collected and which provides the basis of analysis is called the

A)universe.
B)sampling unit.
C)unit of analysis.
D)sampling frame.
E)element.

Question 21

Compare probability designs with nonprobability designs.Identify the kinds of sampling designs available within each of these major categories.Explain a situation in which it would be more appropriate to use probability sampling and one in which nonprobability sampling would be preferred.

Question 22

Describe deviant case sampling,and give an example of a study in which it would be useful.

Question 23

What is the basic logic of probability sampling? How do such concepts as homogeneity,heterogeneity,sampling bias,representativeness,and probability of selection fit into this logic?

Question 24

Quantitative studies should never use availability sampling because it is too risky to ever yield useful results.

Question 25

Telephone directories can be inadequate sampling frames.Suppose the population were defined as "all telephone subscribers in the directory's service area." What criticisms could you make of the telephone directory as a sampling frame?

Question 26

Is the use of nonprobability sampling techniques more likely to be acceptable in qualitative studies than in quantitative studies? Explain your answer and give examples.

Question 27

Probability sampling ensures that there will be no sampling error whatsoever.