Deck 21: Chemical Examination of Urine and Feces

Question 1

Which of these test results are often positive when testing the urine of a diabetic patient?

A)Urobilinogen
B)Ketones
C)Glucose
D)Protein
E)All but A above

Answer 1

E
When testing the urine of diabetic patients (especially those with type 2 diabetes and poor glycemic control), it is not unusual to have elevated glucose and ketone test results because of the high concentrations of glucose in the bloodstream and the impaired ability to process the glucose as an energy source. In addition, protein may be present as a result of kidney damage in these patients.

Question 2

Mrs. Miller has just been informed that her guaiac fecal occult blood test was positive. Her practitioner has discussed several reasons for a positive test other than colorectal cancer. List two of the other reasons for a positive fecal occult blood test that the practitioner may have mentioned.

Answer 2

Answers will vary but may include 1. bleeding hemorrhoids, 2. ulcers, 3. intestinal polyps, lesions, or tumors, 4. nosebleeds, 5. bleeding gums, 6. diverticulitis, 7. Crohn's disease, and 8. parasitic infections.

Question 3

Positive quality-control samples used for chemical urinalysis tests should be weakly positive to challenge the sensitivity of the testing materials.

Answer 3

True
A weakly positive quality-control sample provides assurance that patient results that are only slightly abnormal will be detected by the testing procedure.

Question 4

It is not necessary to perform quality-control assessments when performing automated urine chemistry test procedures.Completion
Complete each statement.

Question 5

Reagent strips are available to test for the presence of ketones and glucose only.

Question 6

The time interval for reading the reagent strip results when testing urine range from ___to 120 seconds.

Question 7

Which test will provide a positive result on the urine dipstick in the presence of white blood cells?

Question 8

Guaiac is a term that is used to describe:

A)A type of chemistry instrument
B)A system used to test cholesterol concentration
C)A type of fecal occult blood testing procedure
D)A storage form of triglycerides

Question 9

The guaiac fecal occult test is seldom used because it is an expensive test procedure.

Question 10

The nitrite test result is consistently positive whenever bacteria are present in the urine specimen.

Question 11

Why are fecal occult blood specimens collected over 3 days or from consecutive bowel movements rather than just once?

A)Because the stool specimens need to be fresh when tested
B)Because the reimbursement is better with this collection procedure
C)Because the bleeding may be intermittent, and this gives a better opportunity to identify the presence of blood
D)Because each test serves as a confirmation of the test performed the day before

Question 12

The presence of leukocytes in the urine specimen is most commonly associated with:

A)Glomerular damage
B)External contamination
C)Lower urinary tract infection
D)Inappropriate exchange of substances in the renal tubules

Question 13

The urine test for blood will only show a positive result in the presence of intact red blood cells.

Question 14

Patients preparing for a fecal occult blood test need to:

A)Fast for 12 hours
B)Ingest a high-carbohydrate diet
C)Avoid ingestion of red meat
D)Avoid cholesterol ingestion

Question 15

The confirmatory urine test for the presence of bilirubin is the:_____________________

Question 16

Dietary restrictions for fecal occult blood testing apply to the period prior to the collection as well as the day of collection.

Question 17

When performing a urine chemistry test utilizing a manual method, which of these is an appropriate step to take?

A)Blot away excess urine from the reagent strip before comparing the strip to the comparison chart.
B)Read all the reagent pads exactly 60 seconds after the urine is applied.
C)Dip the reagent strip into the original urine specimen.
D)Take out all the reagent strips from the bottle that may be needed for the shift at the beginning of the shift.

Question 18

Immunochemical testing processes for fecal occult are often known by the acronym __________.

Question 19

Reference values for chemical urinalysis testing are different for manual and automated methods.

Question 20

Dietary supplements, including __________acid, may cause false negative results for urine glucose and blood.Short Answer

Question 21

Which urine dipstick result is often abnormal for patients with hepatitis?

Question 22

Is there more than one type of test used to detect fecal occult blood?

Question 23

The medical assistant working in the physician office laboratory begins to test a urine specimen by recording the physical characteristics and dipping a reagent strip into the specimen. Just as she completes this step, she answers the phone. After a short conversation, she reads the color changes on the reagent strip. There are several abnormal results evident. Should she report these results?

Question 24

Is there a means of performing an internal quality-control test when using the guaiac method for fecal occult blood testing?

Question 25

Does a positive test for blood always correlate with red blood cells when the specimen is viewed under the microscope?