Deck 13: Hemoglobin and Hematocrit

Question 1

Pernicious anemia may be due to:

A)Inadequate iron in the diet
B)Decreased rate of red blood cell production in the bone marrow
C)Decreased production of intrinsic factor by the parietal cells lining the stomach
D)Abnormally shaped red blood cells

Answer 1

C
There are various causes of anemia, which are classified with different names. Pernicious anemia is characterized by inadequate absorption of vitamin B₁₂ from the diet. These patients do not produce adequate intrinsic factor to allow for this vitamin to be absorbed.

Question 2

The final breakdown product of hemoglobin that is excreted in the feces is _____.

A)Urobilinogen
B)Bilirubin
C)Iron
D)Cyanmethemoglobin

Answer 2

A
Hemoglobin is processed in several ways once red blood cells exceed their life span. The final hemoglobin breakdown product that is excreted in the feces is urobilinogen.

Question 3

Identify the potential error that could yield an inaccurate result when performing the hematocrit test.

A)Squeezing the finger with excessive pressure at the capillary puncture site
B)Inadequate sample hemolysis
C)Utilizing tubes coated with anticoagulant for capillary blood-draw sample
D)Placing sealant clay in one end of the tube after filling

Answer 3

A
If excessive pressure is applied at the capillary puncture site, additional fluid from the tissues may be added to the specimen. This will result in a hematocrit measurement that is lower than the true value for that patient.

Question 4

Splenomegaly is often present with iron deficiency anemia.Completion
Complete each statement.

Question 5

The two most common tests ordered to support a diagnosis of anemia are the _________and the ____________.

A)hemoglobin and hematocrit
B)red cell count and hematocrit
C)bilirubin and Hgb electrophoresis
D)None of the above

Question 6

Milk anemia is only evident in infants.

Question 7

The normal adult hemoglobin is hemoglobin A.

Question 8

Microcytic erythrocytes are greater than 10 microns in diameter.

Question 9

What part of the hemoglobin molecule differs when a patient has an abnormal hemoglobin strain?

A)Heme
B)Globin molecules
C)Protoporphyrin
D)None of the above

Question 10

Pernicious anemia results from inadequate secretion of intrinsic factor by the parietal cells of the stomach.

Question 11

To what part of the hemoglobin molecule does the oxygen attach?

A)Alpha globin chain
B)Beta globin chain
C)Heme
D)Cell membrane

Question 12

Low oxygen levels in the tissues of the body may cause patients with anemia to exhibit symptoms of malaise.

Question 13

It is not necessary to wipe away the first drop of blood from a capillary puncture before collecting a hematocrit sample.

Question 14

Which of these blood disorders is not considered to be a hemoglobinopathy?

A)Sickle cell disease
B)Thalassemia
C)Cyanmethemoglobin
D)Sickle cell trait

Question 15

Which layer is most prominent when viewing a spun hematocrit sample?

A)Buffy coat
B)Red blood cell layer
C)Platelet layer
D)Hemoglobin layer

Question 16

What is the abnormal hemoglobin strain present in sickle cell trait or sickle cell anemia?

A)Hb A
B)Hb C
C)Hb F
D)Hb S

Question 17

The red blood cell shape visualized in sickle cell anemia is:

A)Oval
B)Round
C)Crescent
D)Target

Question 18

In the process of breaking down hemoglobin of a worn-out red blood cell, the protoporphyrin initially is converted to bilirubin.

Question 19

Which of these are examples of errors that could occur when performing a hemoglobin determination?

A)Inadequate sample
B)Squeezing excessively at the capillary puncture site
C)Not wiping away the first drop of blood before collecting the sample
D)All of the above

Question 20

Aplastic anemia may be the result of radiation treatment.

Question 21

Packed cell __________may be used interchangeably with hematocrit.Short Answer

Question 22

A 10-year-old male patient has a hemoglobin level of 11.0 g/dL. Is this result considered to be within the reference range?

Question 23

Hemoglobin molecules transport ___________to the cells of the body.

Question 24

Draw a picture of the spun hematocrit; label and describe each layer of the blood.

Question 25

While collecting a capillary sample for a H&H test, the MA notices that the blood flow is very slow from the capillary puncture. Once the hematocrit tube is filled appropriately, the MA begins to fill an EDTA microtube for the hemoglobin test. It takes a long time to obtain enough sample for the hemoglobin test, but finally it appears that there is enough blood in the tube. When testing the H&H a few minutes later, the MA finds that the hematocrit result is within the normal range while the hemoglobin result is quite low. What is a potential explanation for this discrepancy?