Deck 3: Prenatal Development

Question 1

A mother's nutritional status at the time of conception has minimal effect on fetal development.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Women over age forty ____.

A) have an easier time getting pregnant
B) make better mothers because they are more mature
C) run a greater risk of having a child with a genetic disorder or developmental disability
D) give birth to the healthiest infants

Answer 2

run a greater risk of having a child with a genetic disorder or developmental disability

Question 3

Tests that can be used to detect fetal abnormalities during the early stages of pregnancy include ____.

A) amniocentesis
B) special blood tests
C) sonograms
D) all responses are correct

Answer 3

all responses are correct

Question 4

The most critical stage of fetal development is the embryonic.

Question 5

The placenta is an effective barrier that protects the developing fetus from all harmful substances.

Question 6

By the twenty-eighth week, the breathing, blood and nervous systems are sufficiently developed so that the fetus can survive if born prematurely.

Question 7

Adolescent mothers give birth to the healthiest infants.

Question 8

Prolonged or excessive maternal stress has little effect on the developing fetus.

Question 9

An infant inherits genes from both the biological mother and father.

Question 10

____ is not a complication typically associated with fetal alcohol syndrome.

A) diabetes
B) stunted growth
C) heart defects
D) facial deformities

Question 11

Teratogens are ____.

A) more harmful to the fetus in the later weeks of pregnancy
B) substances that interfere with normal fetal development
C) the products of early cell division
D) beneficial substances that enhance fetal development

Question 12

Pregnant women should avoid exercise because it will cause miscarriage.

Question 13

Rich sources of dietary folacin can be found in all of the following foods EXCEPT ____.

A) fortified grain products such as pastas, breads, and cereals
B) seafood and poultry
C) orange juice
D) dry beans and lentils

Question 14

A father's state of health has no effect on the unborn child.

Question 15

A zygote results when an egg and a sperm unite.

Question 16

Postpartum depression ____.

A) requires medical treatment
B) develops within several days after the mother has given birth
C) is more common in women who deliver male infants
D) affects approximately 25 percent of all first-time mothers

Question 17

Pregnancy increases a mother's need for calcium, iron, folacin, and vitamins C and D.

Question 18

Which of the following statements is not true about infants born to mothers who smoke during pregnancy?

A) They often develop chronic respiratory conditions
B) They are more likely to be born prematurely
C) They experience a higher rate of learning and behavior problems
D) They are considerably larger in size

Question 19

Maternal smoking is a major cause of low birth weight (LBW) in infants.

Question 20

Nonprescription medications ____.

A) are always safe to take during pregnancy
B) should only be taken after consulting with a physician
C) are never safe to take during pregnancy
D) are preferable to medications that must be prescribed

Question 21

The period between the ninth week and the onset of labor and delivery is called the ____________________.

Question 22

Most vital organ and system structures are formed during the ____________________ trimester.

Question 23

Match each term with the correct definition.
Major organs and systems are formed

A)Fetal stage
B)CVS
C)Down syndrome
D)Ultrasound scanning
E)Seven-month-old fetus
F)Placenta
G)Embryonic stage
H)Implantation
I)Apgar scale
J)AIDS, rubella, herpes, toxoplasmosis

Question 24

The term used to describe a mother's ability to feel fetal movement is called ____________________.

Question 25

Carbon monoxide in cigarette smoke reduces the ____________________ available to the fetus.

Question 26

On an average, babies weigh approximately ____ at birth.

A) 6-7 pounds
B) 5.5 pounds
C) 7- 8 pounds
D) 9-10 pounds

Question 27

Two minerals that are essential for healthy fetal growth include ____________________ and ____________________.

Question 28

Match each term with the correct definition.
Birth defect that typically occurs in infants born to older mothers

A)Fetal stage
B)CVS
C)Down syndrome
D)Ultrasound scanning
E)Seven-month-old fetus
F)Placenta
G)Embryonic stage
H)Implantation
I)Apgar scale
J)AIDS, rubella, herpes, toxoplasmosis

Question 29

Studies have shown that adequate intake of the B vitamin ___________________ significantly reduces neural tube birth defects.

Question 30

Match each term with the correct definition.
Technology used to monitor fetal growth

A)Fetal stage
B)CVS
C)Down syndrome
D)Ultrasound scanning
E)Seven-month-old fetus
F)Placenta
G)Embryonic stage
H)Implantation
I)Apgar scale
J)AIDS, rubella, herpes, toxoplasmosis

Question 31

A fertilized egg is implanted in the uterine wall toward the end of the ____ stage of pregnancy.

A) germinal
B) fetal
C) embryonic
D) placental

Question 32

Match each term with the correct definition.
Successful attachment which marks the beginning of an embryo and embryonic stage

A)Fetal stage
B)CVS
C)Down syndrome
D)Ultrasound scanning
E)Seven-month-old fetus
F)Placenta
G)Embryonic stage
H)Implantation
I)Apgar scale
J)AIDS, rubella, herpes, toxoplasmosis

Question 33

Match each term with the correct definition.
Maternal infections known as teratogens

A)Fetal stage
B)CVS
C)Down syndrome
D)Ultrasound scanning
E)Seven-month-old fetus
F)Placenta
G)Embryonic stage
H)Implantation
I)Apgar scale
J)AIDS, rubella, herpes, toxoplasmosis

Question 34

The amount of alcohol considered safe to consume during pregnancy is ____________________.

Question 35

Match each term with the correct definition.
Weighs approximately 3 pounds

A)Fetal stage
B)CVS
C)Down syndrome
D)Ultrasound scanning
E)Seven-month-old fetus
F)Placenta
G)Embryonic stage
H)Implantation
I)Apgar scale
J)AIDS, rubella, herpes, toxoplasmosis

Question 36

Temporary mood swings, tearfulness, apprehension, appetite loss, fatigue and difficulty sleeping are characteristic signs of _______ _____________.

Question 37

When a mother's birth canal is too small, labor slows, or the fetus shows signs of distress a ____________________ may be performed.

Question 38

Match each term with the correct definition.
Assessment of the newborn's condition at birth

A)Fetal stage
B)CVS
C)Down syndrome
D)Ultrasound scanning
E)Seven-month-old fetus
F)Placenta
G)Embryonic stage
H)Implantation
I)Apgar scale
J)AIDS, rubella, herpes, toxoplasmosis

Question 39

A screening procedure in which a small amount of amniotic fluid is extracted and tested for fetal genetic disorders is called ____________________.

Question 40

Match each term with the correct definition.
Organ that filters out many harmful organisms

A)Fetal stage
B)CVS
C)Down syndrome
D)Ultrasound scanning
E)Seven-month-old fetus
F)Placenta
G)Embryonic stage
H)Implantation
I)Apgar scale
J)AIDS, rubella, herpes, toxoplasmosis

Question 41

What effect, if any, does a woman's age at the time of conception have on fetal development?

Question 42

Explain why each of the following tests might be ordered, and how each test is performed: sonogram; CVS; amniocentesis.

Question 43

Why do some pregnant women fail to receive adequate prenatal care?

Question 44

What are teratogens, and why is it important for women to avoid them if there is any possibility of becoming pregnant?

Question 45

What steps can a pregnant mother take to improve her chances of having a healthy infant?

Question 46

Match each term with the correct definition.
Period between the ninth week of pregnancy and delivery

A)Fetal stage
B)CVS
C)Down syndrome
D)Ultrasound scanning
E)Seven-month-old fetus
F)Placenta
G)Embryonic stage
H)Implantation
I)Apgar scale
J)AIDS, rubella, herpes, toxoplasmosis

Question 47

What is fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS), and how can this condition be prevented?

Question 48

Match each term with the correct definition.
Sampling test in which a needle is inserted and cells are taken from the placenta

A)Fetal stage
B)CVS
C)Down syndrome
D)Ultrasound scanning
E)Seven-month-old fetus
F)Placenta
G)Embryonic stage
H)Implantation
I)Apgar scale
J)AIDS, rubella, herpes, toxoplasmosis