Deck 12: Ethics in a Global Society

Question 1

Which theory was developed to help explain ethical and moral differences between cultures?

A) integrated social contracts theory
B) moral foundations theory
C) project globe theory
D) the Caux Principles

Answer 1

B

Question 2

______ believes every human has inherent dignity and has human rights.

A) UN Declaration of Human Rights
B) The Caux Principles
C) Moral foundations theory
D) UN Global Compact

Answer 2

A

Question 3

All of the following are elements of worldliness EXCEPT ______.

A) being self-reflexive
B) feeling pity for the less fortunate
C) skills to bring about change
D) expressing compassion

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Power distance is described as ______.

A) the geographical distance between two people
B) imagery to describe how strong the power a social class might hold
C) a term to describe acceptance of inequality between social classes
D) a metaphor frequently used in some cultures to downplay a social status

Question 5

Which of the following is universally found in corporate codes of conduct?

A) fiduciary principle
B) citizenship principle
C) fairness principle
D) all of these

Question 6

The UN Global Compact is ______.

A) an agency that measures the effects of global warming on the earth
B) a quarter of all UN delegates committed to more global ethical living
C) the largest voluntary corporate citizenship group in the world
D) all of these

Question 7

______ cultures have clearly defined roles for men and women.

A) High uncertainty avoidance
B) Individualistic
C) Feminine
D) Masculine

Question 8

Jane always felt she had a larger worldview than her peers. She was always concerned about the needs of developing nations and she held deep empathy for people in need of global justice. Jane could be described as ______.

A) egocentric
B) altruistic
C) ethnocentric
D) cosmopolitan

Question 9

Disgust reflects which moral foundation?

A) care/concern
B) purity/sanctity
C) authority/respect
D) fairness/justice

Question 10

What was the fundamental principle laid out by the Caux Principles for NGOs (nongovernmental organizations)?

A) respect
B) life
C) integrity
D) freedom

Question 11

Which set of global standards is based on corporate codes of conduct?

A) UN Declaration of Human Rights
B) Global Business Standards Codex
C) CSR principles
D) UN Global Compact

Question 12

In ______ cultures, leaders are honored as a special class of people.

A) high-power distance
B) low-power distance
C) high-uncertainty avoidance
D) low-uncertainty avoidance

Question 13

______ is viewing the world from our cultural group's point of view, which makes our customs and values the standard by which the rest of the world is judged.

A) Egocentric
B) Altruism
C) Ethnocentrism
D) Utilitarianism

Question 14

______ is based upon the concept of kyosei and human dignity and value.

A) The Caux Principles
B) Global Business Standards Codex
C) Moral foundations theory
D) UN Global Compact

Question 15

All of the following are characteristic of cosmopolitans EXCEPT ______.

A) concern for global justice
B) care for the "distant needy"
C) commitment to free trade
D) commitment to human dignity

Question 16

Diego is scheduled to get an award for his performance at work but is nervous that this honor will separate him from the rest of his group. Diego apparently puts a high value on ______.

A) power distance
B) masculinity
C) collectivism
D) uncertainty avoidance

Question 17

Which of the following is a characteristic of high-context communication?

A) rarely express direct disagreement
B) heavy emphasis on written contracts
C) face conflict head on
D) none of these

Question 18

Which virtue acknowledges the shortcomings of our own culture?

A) truth
B) dignity
C) humility
D) solidarity

Question 19

______ cultures encourage and reward high standards and performance.

A) Future orientation
B) Humane orientation
C) Performance orientation
D) None of these

Question 20

When Cynthia travels she is critical of the food in other countries, saying that what she eats at home is much better. Cynthia is demonstrating ______.

A) implicit prejudice
B) a pluralistic perspective
C) ethnocentrism
D) personal virtue

Question 21

Which is a universal human right according to the UN Declaration of Human Rights?

A) freedom of movement
B) freedom of religion
C) freedom to own property
D) all of these

Question 22

Free trade, international travel, immigration, and satellite communication systems are examples of ______.

A) common ground
B) ethnocentrism
C) globalization
D) cross-cultural conflicts

Question 23

Employees at the ABC Corporation honor promises to suppliers, even if they don't have a written contract. This reflects which principle of the Global Business Standards Codex?

A) dignity principle
B) property principle
C) reliability principle
D) citizenship principle

Question 24

Aaron believes that the law should apply to everyone, including his friends. He is demonstrating which dimension of cultural diversity according to universal dilemmas theory.

A) inner direction
B) universalism
C) particularism
D) individualism

Question 25

The Global Compact is associated with which set of universal ethical principles?

A) Caux Principles
B) Global Business Standards Codex
C) UN Declaration of Human Rights
D) CERES Principles

Question 26

Which perspective believes there is a moral duty to act on the concerns of people by providing assistance to others around the world?

A) cosmopolitanism
B) ethnocentrism
C) egocentrism
D) cultural relativism

Question 27

When it comes to programmed value patterns which orientation looks at how cultures respond to the uncertainty of the future?

A) power distance
B) individualism versus collectivism
C) masculinity versus femininity
D) uncertainty avoidance

Question 28

When it comes to programmed value patterns which orientation identifies how societies deal with human inequality?

A) power distance
B) individualism versus collectivism
C) masculinity versus femininity
D) uncertainty avoidance

Question 29

According to integrated social contracts theory, antidiscrimination laws would be an example of ______.

A) hypernorms
B) microsocial contracts
C) macrosocial contracts
D) moral free space

Question 30

Members of ______ cultures are more likely to put money away in long-term savings plans.

A) future orientation
B) humane orientation
C) performance orientation
D) feminine

Question 31

Which of the following is a Questionable Practice that reflects an ethical issue?

A) starting meetings late
B) bribery
C) refusing to lay off employees
D) all of these

Question 32

Alex knows that he should have a gift for his Chinese business partner who will have a gift for him. Alex and his business partner are demonstrating which foundational moral value?

A) harm/care
B) fairness/reciprocity
C) authority/respect
D) purity/sanctity

Question 33

Which term best describes when there is unauthorized use of ideas, dress, medicine, food, music, symbols, and so on that are taken or borrowed from another culture for personal gain?

A) cultural appropriation
B) cultural exploitation
C) cross-cultural differences
D) cultural abandonment

Question 34

The ABC Corporation routinely releases information about its operations in all of its host countries. The company is fulfilling which principle of the Global Business Standards Codex?

A) transparency principle
B) reliability principle
C) fairness principle
D) responsiveness principle

Question 35

Who conducted the first extensive international investigation of "programmed" cultural value patterns by surveying more than 100,000 IBM employees in 50 countries?

A) Lynn Paine
B) Geert Hofstede
C) Thomas Donaldson
D) Thomas Dunfee

Question 36

Rodrigo was quick to acknowledge the company's cultural shortcomings and areas for growth that aided personal biases. This is an example of ______.

A) truth
B) dignity
C) humility
D) solidarity

Question 37

Roberto always saw his company's way of negotiation and doing things as being the "right way" even though his cultural forms fell short at times. There was no room for changing the company's culture or processes. This is an example of ______.

A) altruisim
B) ethnocentrism
C) utilitarianism
D) pluralistic

Question 38

Modest dress is emphasized in many Middle Eastern cultures. This reflects which foundational moral value?

A) harm/care
B) in-group/loyalty
C) purity/sanctity
D) fairness/reciprocity

Question 39

Bob saw himself as a citizen of the world rather than just a local resident. A term for this perspective is ______.

A) egocentrism
B) altruism
C) ethnocentrism
D) cosmopolitanism

Question 40

______ refers to a cultural community's freedom or latitude to create its own rules.

A) Hypernorms
B) Microsocial contracts
C) Moral free space
D) Macrosocial contracts

Question 41

Organizations in collectivist societies are more likely to hire based on family connections and friendships.

Question 42

Copyright laws are more common in collectivist societies than in individualistic societies.

Question 43

According to the Caux principles, nonprofits (NGOs) have to be MOST concerned about integrity.

Question 44

Future orientation describes cultures that emphasize planning and investing.

Question 45

If an employee is thought to be super loyal to the company, reluctant to change jobs or express dissatisfaction with their employer, and view outsiders as threats they may be categorized as ______.

A) high uncertainty
B) low uncertainty
C) high ambiguity
D) low ambiguity

Question 46

The roles of men and women are evaluated in this programmed value pattern.

A) power distance
B) individualism versus collectivism
C) masculinity versus femininity
D) uncertainty avoidance

Question 47

Which questionable practice can be seen as an opportunity to meet community obligations in a collective culture?

A) false information
B) bribery
C) nepotism
D) human rights

Question 48

The term "distant needy" describes the less privileged in developing nations.

Question 49

What benchmark was designed so that corporations could base their code of conduct on these eight universal, overarching moral principles?

A) the Caux Principles
B) the Global Business Standards Codex
C) moral foundations theory
D) UN Global Compact

Question 50

This moral psychologist identified five foundations for our moral intuitions in the Moral Foundations Theory.

A) Geert Hofstede
B) Lynn Paine
C) Jonathan Haidt
D) Thomas Dunfee

Question 51

When it comes to programmed value patterns which orientation identifies how a culture prioritizes the needs of an individual or the needs of the group?

A) power distance
B) individualism versus collectivism
C) masculinity versus femininity
D) uncertainty avoidance

Question 52

Members of masculine cultures are more sensitive to the presence of ethical issues.

Question 53

Feminine/low-power distance/low-uncertainty avoidance cultures are generally more corrupt.

Question 54

Questionable practices always involve ethical issues.

Question 55

The self-reflexive person can step back from her/his culture to offer constructive criticism.

Question 56

Which of the universal dilemmas focuses on the virtue of a person found within? (i.e., in conscience, will, core beliefs, principles)

A) sequential time
B) inner direction
C) specificity
D) universalism

Question 57

Which of the following was NOT a universal dilemma as noted in Trompenaars and Hampden-Turner's research

A) universalism
B) individualism
C) achieved status
D) gross profit

Question 58

A culture that priorities the needs of the extended family and larger group is best described as a ______ culture?

A) power hungry
B) collective
C) dominant
D) uncertain

Question 59

Which of the universal dilemmas emphasizes personal freedom, human rights, and competitiveness?

A) individualism
B) particularism
C) diffusion
D) achieved status

Question 60

Most cultures put a strong emphasis on the moral foundations of reducing harm and promoting autonomy.

Question 61

______ cultures put more emphasis on the group than on the individual.

Question 62

Practicing ______ means going along with local ethical rules and customs.

Question 63

How can you fight ethnocentrism?

Question 64

According to the Global Codex, the Responsiveness Principle advocates dealing fairly with everyone.

Question 65

______ refers to seeing reality in parts; ______ refers to viewing reality in a holistic manner.

Question 66

According to Integrated Social Contract Theory, ______ contracts set the standards for social interactions; ______ contracts govern the relationships between members of particular communities.

Question 67

Human rights protect the ______ of every person.

Question 68

______ is viewing the world from our group's cultural point of view.

Question 69

In ______ communication, most of the information in the message is embedded in the message itself.

Question 70

Name and explain the two foundational principles of the Caux Principles.

Question 71

Project GLOBE stands for Global Leadership and Organizational Behavior Effectiveness.

Question 72

______ is the unauthorized use of elements from another culture.

Question 73

______ cultures blur the differences between sexes.

Question 74

What is a Questionable Practice (QP)?

Question 75

In ______ cultures, individuals are encouraged to be tough, confrontational, and competitive.

Question 76

Modern cosmopolitans take a humanistic approach to globalization that every human being has dignity and value regardless of their location, status or background.

Question 77

Name and explain two universal dilemmas?