Deck 3: Organization of the Body

Question 1

Which type of body fluid makes up the greatest percentage of fluid in a normal adult?

A) Extracellular fluid
B) Intracellular fluid
C) Interstitial fluid
D) Blood plasma

Answer 1

Intracellular fluid

Question 2

What is the most important component of body fluids?

A) Red blood cells
B) White blood cells
C) Water
D) Antibodies

Answer 2

Water

Question 3

Which of the following is a systemic infectious condition caused by pathogenic microorganisms, their enzymes, or their toxins?

A) Bone marrow failure
B) Leukemia
C) Hemophilia
D) Septicemia

Answer 3

Septicemia

Question 4

What does dorsolateral mean?

A) The middle of the front
B) The middle of the back
C) Toward one side of the front
D) Toward one side of the back

Question 5

What is the meaning of the prefix in dioxide?

A) One
B) Two
C) Three
D) Four

Question 6

Which of the following is a substance that prevents blood from clotting?

A) Anticoagulant
B) Antibody
C) Coagulant
D) Erythrocyte

Question 7

What is the term for a vague feeling of bodily discomfort and fatigue?

A) Alopecia
B) Dysphoria
C) Lethargy
D) Malaise

Question 8

Which term means the body's ability to counteract the effects of a foreign invader?

A) Pathogenicity
B) Resistance
C) Susceptibility
D) Virulence

Question 9

Which term describes light beyond the visible spectrum at its violet end?

A) Hyperactive
B) Ultrasonic
C) Suprasonic
D) Ultraviolet

Question 10

Which of the following means a life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction to a previously encountered antigen?

A) Anaphylactic reaction
B) Autoimmune disorder
C) Autologous reaction
D) Autologous transplant

Question 11

What does centi- mean?

A) 1 cent
B) 100 or 1/100
C) 1000 grams
D) 1/1000

Question 12

What does the prefix in hemisphere mean?

A) All
B) Double
C) Favoring
D) Half

Question 13

Which of these factors tends to slow the healing process?

A) Immobilization of the wound
B) Increased number of white blood cells
C) Infection
D) Proper nutrition

Question 14

Which term means an excess of blood in part of the body caused by increased blood flow?

A) Hyperemia
B) Macrocytosis
C) Phagocytosis
D) Thrombosis

Question 15

In which type of injection is the needle placed just under the skin?

A) Hypodermic
B) Subcutaneous
C) Intradermal
D) Intravenous

Question 16

What does the term hematoma mean?

A) A tumor composed of blood vessels
B) A localized collection of blood in a tissue or space
C) Any substance that resembles blood
D) Accumulation of blood in the eye

Question 17

What does hypo- mean?

A) Above
B) After
C) Before
D) Beneath

Question 18

Which of the following terms means having no value, nothing, or equal to zero?

A) Primi
B) Null
C) Primitive
D) Tetra

Question 19

What is extracellular fluid?

A) It is fluid inside the nucleolus.
B) It is fluid that is contained within the body cells.
C) It is fluid that is not contained within the cells.
D) It is the liquid part of a cell.

Question 20

Which of the following is true of leukocytosis?

A) It is the same as leukemia.
B) It is an increase in the number of leukocytes.
C) It is usually associated with anemia.
D) It is characterized by a deficiency of hemoglobin.

Question 21

What are the components of the buffy coat in a blood specimen?

A) Erythrocytes and platelets
B) Plasma and platelets
C) White blood cells and platelets
D) Leukocytes and water

Question 22

What do the words perimeter and circumference have in common?

A) Their prefixes mean around.
B) There prefixes mean outside.
C) Their suffixes mean around.
D) Their suffixes mean outside.

Question 23

What is the name for a modified version of a pathogen that induces resistance to that disease?

A) Passive immunity
B) A vaccine or immunization
C) An anticoagulant
D) A homeostatic agent

Question 24

What is the term for discharging a substance into a cavity?

A) Excretion
B) Perspiration
C) Secretion
D) Viscosity

Question 25

What is an antipyretic used for?

A) Killing or stopping the growth of microbes
B) Treating fungal infections
C) Reducing fever
D) Destroying parasitic worms

Question 26

What is the function of blood platelets?

A) They transport oxygen.
B) They initiate coagulation.
C) They supply the pigment in cells.
D) They act as a defense system for the body.

Question 27

In humans, the anterior aspect means the same as which of the following terms?

A) Posterior
B) Dorsal
C) Ventral
D) Lateral

Question 28

Receiving a vaccination is likely to produce which type of immunity?

A) Active artificial
B) Active natural
C) Passive natural
D) Passive artificial

Question 29

Which term means nearest the point of origin?

A) Proximal
B) Plantar
C) Palmar
D) Caudal

Question 30

Which of the following is not a leukocyte?

A) Basophil
B) Eosinophil
C) Lymphocyte
D) Microcyte

Question 31

What structure is indicated in the term cephalic?

A) Head
B) Muscle
C) Peritoneum
D) Foot

Question 32

What is the location of an organ if it is located inferior to the stomach?

A) Below the stomach
B) Above the stomach
C) To the right side of the stomach
D) To the left side of the stomach

Question 33

Which term describes a membrane that allows the passage of some substance but prevents the passage of others?

A) Transdermal
B) Extracellular
C) Semipermeable
D) Ultrasonic

Question 34

Which statement is true of bacteremia?

A) Bacteremia is a reduction in the production of bacteria.
B) Bacteremia is the presence of bacteria in the blood.
C) Bacteremia is the presence of bacteria in the urine.
D) Bacteremia means capable of destroying bacteria.

Question 35

What occurs in thrombocytopenia?

A) The thrombocytes are reduced in number.
B) The thrombocytes are reduced in size.
C) The thrombocytes are increased in number.
D) The thrombocytes are increased in size.

Question 36

Which of the following statements concerning thrombocytes is false?

A) Thrombocytes are also called platelets.
B) Thrombocytes initiate the formation of a blood clot.
C) Thrombocytes initiate the formation of a thrombus.
D) Thrombocytes are responsible for the transportation of oxygen.

Question 37

Which term describes a structure that can be seen with the naked eye?

A) Macroscopic
B) Microscopic
C) Transcopic
D) Subscopic

Question 38

Which of the following is the term for the production of blood?

A) Hematogenesis
B) Hematopoiesis
C) Coagulation
D) Hemolysis

Question 39

What are erythrocytes?

A) Red blood cells
B) White blood cells
C) Thrombocytes
D) Leukocytes

Question 40

To what does the term palmar refer?

A) The regions of the abdomen on either side of the umbilicus
B) The lower middle region of the abdomen
C) The concave part of the hand
D) The extremities

Question 41

What is the meaning of hyperkalemia?

A) Greater than normal concentration of calcium in the blood
B) Less than normal concentration of potassium in the blood
C) Less than normal concentration of sodium in the blood
D) Greater than normal concentration of potassium in the blood

Question 42

What is a thrombus?

A) A substance that dissolves a blood clot
B) The formation of a clot inside a blood vessel
C) The spontaneous dissolution of a blood clot
D) Another name for hemolysin

Question 43

What does the hematocrit measure?

A) The number of white blood cells in a volume of blood
B) The number of red blood cells in a volume of blood
C) The critical level of both red and white blood cells necessary to sustain life
D) The number of leukocytes in a volume of blood

Question 44

What does hypochromia mean?

A) A false belief of suffering from disease
B) A reduced number of chromosomes
C) A condition in which erythrocytes have reduced hemoglobin content
D) A lack of chromium

Question 45

Which is not a sign or symptom of severe anemia?

A) Shortness of breath
B) Tachycardia
C) Intolerance to heat
D) Constipation or diarrhea

Question 46

What is an omphalocele?

A) Digits that have not separated
B) An abnormal accumulation of serous fluid in the peritoneal cavity
C) A type of chest pain
D) A congenital hernia of the umbilicus

Question 47

What does the combining form natr(o) mean?

A) Potassium
B) Vessel
C) Sodium
D) Water

Question 48

Which term means pertaining to an inferior position?

A) Proximal
B) Plantar
C) Palmar
D) Caudal

Question 49

What lines the abdominal and pelvic walls?

A) Raynaud's membrane
B) The abdominal paracentesis
C) The parietal peritoneum
D) The thoracodynia

Question 50

Which of the following terms is not used to describe an anatomical region of the abdomen?

A) Inguinal
B) Hypochondriac
C) Ischial
D) Lumbar

Question 51

Which is not one of the four main types of tissue?

A) Connective
B) Organelle
C) Muscle
D) Epithelial

Question 52

Which term means pertaining to a wound or injury?

A) Anaplasic
B) Hypoplasic
C) Therapeutic
D) Traumatic

Question 53

To what does the combining form acr(o) refer?

A) The spine
B) The peritoneum
C) The abdomen
D) The extremities

Question 54

What is the meaning of somesthetic?

A) Sleep-deprived
B) Having clear skin
C) Pertaining to body feeling
D) Pertaining to an illness of the mind and body

Question 55

Which term means the protrusion of internal organs through an open wound?

A) Suppuration
B) Dehiscence
C) Evisceration
D) Hyperplasia

Question 56

What does in vivo mean?

A) In the body
B) In the blood
C) Inside a virus
D) In an artificial environment

Question 57

Which term means rotation of a joint that allows the hand or foot to turn upward?

A) Ambulation
B) Pronation
C) Supination
D) Circumduction

Question 58

What is erythropoiesis?

A) Destruction of the blood, specifically the erythrocytes
B) A deficiency of hemoglobin in the erythrocytes
C) Production of erythrocytes
D) The presence of abnormal erythrocytes

Question 59

Which is the simplest of the body's organizational structures?

A) Atoms or ions
B) Tissues
C) Cells
D) Organelles

Question 60

What does diplopia mean?

A) A pair of bacteria
B) Concerned with or skilled in interaction
C) Double vision
D) Two symptoms that are found in many diseases

Question 61

Which of the following words means to move toward the middle axis of the body?

A) Abduct
B) Adduct
C) Addict
D) Abdicate

Question 62

What does postnasal mean?

A) Lying or occurring above the nose
B) Lying or occurring behind the nose
C) Lying or occurring within the nose
D) The secretion of the sinuses

Question 63

Which of the following is a congenital chromosomal abnormality that is characterized by varying degrees of mental retardation and multiple defects?

A) Anaplasia
B) Dysplasia
C) Down syndrome
D) Raynaud phenomenon

Question 64

What is an evaluation of the number of white blood cells called?

A) An erythrocyte count
B) A leukocyte count
C) A thrombocyte count
D) A platelet count

Question 65

Which blood component plays a significant role in coagulation?

A) Erythrocyte
B) Thrombocyte
C) Leukocyte
D) Lymphocyte

Question 66

Which statement about anemia is false?

A) Anemia is a blood disease.
B) The literal translation of anemia is "without blood."
C) Anemia involves a decreased number of erythrocytes or hemoglobin, or both.
D) Tachycardia is a symptom of severe anemia.

Question 67

Which term means rapid speech?

A) Bradyphasia
B) Bradypnea
C) Tachyphasia
D) Tachypnea

Question 68

What is the introduction of whole blood or blood components into the bloodstream of a person called?

A) Agglutination process
B) Hemodialysis
C) Fibrinolysis
D) Transfusion

Question 69

Which term means a change in the structure and orientation of cells, characterized by a loss of differentiation?

A) Anaplasia
B) Hyperplasia
C) Hypertrophy
D) Hypoplasia

Question 70

Which term means noise in the ears, such as ringing?

A) Tinnitus
B) Syncope
C) Pallor
D) Dyspnea

Question 71

What does semi- mean?

A) Beneath or below normal
B) Excessive
C) Half or partly
D) Same

Question 72

Which term contains a prefix that means not?

A) Abduct
B) Addiction
C) Inconsistent
D) Ipsilateral

Question 73

Which of the following characteristics is most often associated with erythrocytosis?

A) Increased red blood cell count
B) Decreased red blood cell count
C) Increased white blood cell count
D) Decreased white blood cell count

Question 74

What term means pertaining to or affecting the same side of the body?

A) Unilateral
B) Ipsilateral
C) Bilateral
D) Mediolateral

Question 75

What is the term for a large cell that engulfs other matter?

A) Microcyte
B) Macrocyte
C) Macrophage
D) Macropod

Question 76

Which term means absence of water?

A) Anesthetic
B) Anhydrous
C) Esthetic
D) Hydrous

Question 77

Which of the following means absence of electrical activity of the brain for a specified period under rigidly defined circumstances?

A) Aplasia
B) Electrocardiography
C) Encephalitis
D) Somatic death

Question 78

What does afebrile mean?

A) An abnormal elevation of body temperature
B) Effective against fever
C) Having a fever
D) Without fever

Question 79

Which of the following is the most complex in the hierarchy of organization?

A) Cell
B) Organelle
C) Molecule
D) Tissue

Question 80

Which term means occurring widely throughout the population of a country, a people, or the world?

A) Pandemic
B) Epidemic
C) Infectious
D) Hysteria