Deck 14: Oncology

Question 1

What is the second leading cause of death in the United States?

A) Heart disease
B) Cancer
C) Diabetes
D) Stroke

Answer 1

Cancer

Question 2

Which of the following tests is often used to diagnose leukemia?

A) Bone marrow biopsy
B) Red blood cell count
C) Sentinel lymph node biopsy
D) Endoscopic biopsy

Answer 2

Bone marrow biopsy

Question 3

What is not a factor in distinguishing one type of cancer from another?

A) Site of the lesion
B) Cause of the lesion
C) Nature of the lesion
D) Size of the lesion

Answer 3

Size of the lesion

Question 4

What does the N in the cancer staging system TNM stand for?

A) Neoplastic appearance
B) Regional lymph node involvement
C) Extent of metastasis
D) Nevus

Question 5

What is not among the five major causes of death in the United States?

A) Heart disease
B) Diabetes
C) Cancer
D) Accidents

Question 6

Which is not a mode of cancer metastasis?

A) Extension into neighboring tissue
B) Invasion of the lymphatic system
C) Spreading via the blood system
D) Transmission via airborne droplets

Question 7

Which of the following pharmaceutics does not work by destroying or inhibiting the growth of cancerous cells?

A) Immunosuppressant agents
B) Antineoplastic agents
C) Cytotoxic agents
D) Chemotherapeutic agents

Question 8

What is not a form of skin cancer?

A) Malignant melanoma
B) Squamous cell carcinoma
C) Ewing sarcoma
D) Basal cell carcinoma

Question 9

Which of the following systems describes the location, size, and extent of tumor spread?

A) Malignancy grading system
B) Radioimmunoassay
C) Cancer staging
D) Tumor marker test

Question 10

Which of the following is not a major method of treating cancer?

A) Surgical excision
B) Peritoneal dialysis
C) Radiation therapy
D) Biological therapy

Question 11

In which system would retinoblastoma occur?

A) Urinary
B) Reproductive
C) Integumentary
D) Special sense organs

Question 12

What is another word for exenteration?

A) Resection
B) Evisceration
C) Debulking
D) Gamma knife surgery

Question 13

What is true of a benign tumor?

A) The cells of the tumor experience uncontrolled growth.
B) The cells of the tumor are undifferentiated.
C) The nucleus of the tumor cell is a small part of the total cell volume.
D) The tumor often invades surrounding tissues.

Question 14

A Pap smear is an example of what type of procedure?

A) Exfoliative cytology
B) Sentinel lymph node biopsy
C) Core needle biopsy
D) Tumor marker test

Question 15

What cancer treatment uses internal radiation delivered via seeds or beads?

A) Brachytherapy
B) Gamma knife surgery
C) Stereotactic radiosurgery
D) Fractionation

Question 16

What is the basis of the malignancy grading system?

A) The size and shape of the malignant tumor
B) The extent of metastasis of the malignancy
C) The cells' proximity to the sentinel lymph node
D) The cells' maturity or differentiation

Question 17

What diagnostic procedure is frequently performed during a colonoscopy?

A) Core needle biopsy
B) Endoscopic biopsy
C) Exfoliative cytology
D) Sentinel lymph node biopsy

Question 18

What does the term metastatic mean?

A) It is the technique of 3-D breast imaging used to perform a needle biopsy.
B) It is malignancy of metabolism.
C) It is an unmovable mass.
D) It is the term for cancer that has spread to other tissues.

Question 19

Which term can be used with either a benign or a malignant tumor?

A) Well-differentiated
B) Noncancerous
C) Neoplastic
D) Anaplastic

Question 20

What type of pharmaceutical is used to both assess various internal functions and to treat certain cancers or tissue hyperfunction?

A) Antineoplastic agents
B) Immunosuppressants
C) Radiopharmaceuticals
D) Cytotoxic agents

Question 21

What is not a risk factor for the development of lung cancer?

A) Tobacco use
B) Elevated serum levels of cholesterol and lipids
C) Exposure to airborne asbestos
D) High doses of ionizing radiation

Question 22

What is false about the occurrence of cancer?

A) It can occur in persons of all ages.
B) It is significantly more common in women than in men.
C) It can occur anywhere in the body.
D) Many potential causes of cancer are recognized.

Question 23

Which of the following are warning signs of cancer?

A) Sores that don't heal, unusual bleeding, chronic indigestion
B) Tingling in the extremities, excessive thirst, excessive hunger
C) Cyanosis, tinnitus, and acne vulgaris
D) Muscle soreness, verruca, and cretinism

Question 24

Metastasis of cancer involves what process?

A) The growth of new types of cancer in varied body systems
B) More than one type of cancer occurring at the same time
C) The movement of tumor cells from their primary location to remote locations
D) Hypotrophy of the primary malignancy

Question 25

What is another name for treatment with a linear accelerator?

A) Single-photon emission computed tomography
B) Nuclear imaging
C) Photon therapy
D) Stereotactic radiosurgery

Question 26

What precursor to cancer can be prevented using a vaccine?

A) HIV
B) Hepatitis C
C) Sebaceous keratosis
D) Human papilloma virus

Question 27

What agent is not used in cauterization?

A) Chemicals
B) Laser
C) Dry ice
D) Radioactive beads

Question 28

What is an especially useful procedure for identifying bone metastases?

A) Radionuclide organ imaging
B) Tumor marker test
C) Bone marrow biopsy
D) Single-photon emission computed tomography

Question 29

What is an accurate definition of cancer?

A) Cancer is the differentiation of immature cells into particular types of tissue.
B) Cancer is uncontrolled growth of cells that tend to invade surrounding tissue.
C) Cancer is the encapsulation of cells into a semi-solid mass.
D) Cancer is an overgrowth of connective tissue that results in adhesions.

Question 30

What is the meaning of the term carcinogenesis?

A) It is a malignant tumor of the adrenal gland tissue.
B) It is the process by which normal cells become cancer cells.
C) It is a group of environmental factors thought to cause cancer.
D) It is the study of malignancies.

Question 31

Which of the following is not a known carcinogen?

A) The consumption of alcoholic beverages
B) Arsenic
C) Solar radiation
D) The consumption of excessive sodium in the diet

Question 32

Radioimmunoassay is used to determine the concentration of what substance in a patient's blood?

A) Proteins
B) Carcinogens
C) Radioactive seeds
D) TSH

Question 33

Invasion of the lymphatic system is one means of what process?

A) Remission
B) Retraction
C) Exenteration
D) Metastasis

Question 34

Which pair of body part/system and type of cancer are not related?

A) Kidney and Hodgkin lymphoma
B) Bone marrow and multiple myeloma
C) Uterus and endometrial carcinoma
D) Bone and osteosarcoma

Question 35

What diagnostic test is typically not definitive on its own, but is used in conjunction with other cancer tests?

A) Sweat tests
B) Tumor marker tests
C) Core needle biopsies
D) Radioisotope scans

Question 36

Monoclonal antibodies, terpenoids, and plant alkaloids are subclasses of what form of cancer treatment?

A) Immunosuppression
B) Radiopharmaceutical therapy
C) Chemotherapy
D) Hemapheresis

Question 37

What is the name of the procedure in which blood is temporarily withdrawn, one or more components are selectively removed, and the remainder of the blood is returned to the patient?

A) Selective plasmosis
B) Apheresis
C) Stem cell transplantation
D) Immunotherapy

Question 38

What is meant by the term primary tumor?

A) It is a tumor whose cells are found in the sentinel, or primary, lymph node.
B) It is a neoplasm that is at the site where it originated.
C) It is a neoplasm caused by a primary, not secondary, infection.
D) It is a tumor that has invaded surrounding tissue.

Question 39

Which branch of medicine specializes in the study and treatment of neoplastic diseases?

A) Malignology
B) Neoplasticology
C) Oncology
D) Carcinology

Question 40

If radiation is able to destroy a malignancy, what are the cells of that tumor said to be?

A) Radiodestructable
B) Radioclastic
C) Radiable
D) Radiosensitive

Question 41

What is the primary way to treat a small cancer that has not spread?

A) Surgical excision
B) Surgical exenteration
C) Chemotherapy and radiation combined
D) Chemotherapy alone

Question 42

What is the meaning of the Latin term in situ?

A) Localized
B) Sutures
C) Lethal
D) Benign

Question 43

Which of the following is a malignant tumor?

A) Adenoma
B) Sarcoma
C) Fibroma
D) Chondroma

Question 44

What is the term used for the therapeutic administration of radiation in small units over several sessions?

A) Cryosurgery
B) Stereotactic radiosurgery
C) Fractionation
D) Brachytherapy

Question 45

What were the leading sites for estimated new cancer cases in 2016, according to the American Cancer Society?

A) Women: lung; men: lung
B) Women: breast; men: lung
C) Women: breast; men: prostate
D) Women: lung; men: colon

Question 46

Which is not a cancer of the reproductive system?

A) Nephroma
B) Teratoma
C) Endometrial carcinoma
D) Seminoma

Question 47

Which of the following is a type of skin cancer?

A) Multiple myeloma
B) Kaposi sarcoma
C) Mesothelioma
D) Seminoma

Question 48

Which statement about neoplasms is true?

A) Neoplasm is the substance removed during plasmapheresis.
B) A neoplasm is always malignant.
C) A neoplasm is always benign.
D) Neoplasm is translated literally as new growth.

Question 49

What is not considered to be a possible warning sign of cancer?

A) Heart palpitations
B) An unusual lump
C) A mole that changes over time
D) Persistent hoarseness or cough

Question 50

What term means cancer of the bone?

A) Osteosarcoma
B) Onychomalacia
C) Mesothelioma
D) Teratoma

Question 51

What acronym is useful in remembering the steps for mole evaluation?

A) LINAC
B) RAIU
C) ABCDE
D) SPECT

Question 52

In which of the following systems can cancer not occur?

A) Integumentary
B) Musculoskeletal
C) Circulatory
D) Cancer can occur in any bodily system.

Question 53

What is the term for the use of subfreezing temperatures to destroy tissue?

A) Dry icing
B) Cytology
C) Cryosurgery
D) Hypothermic therapy

Question 54

Which statement is true of a Grade 1 cancer cell?

A) Its origin is difficult to determine.
B) It closely resembles the normal parent cell.
C) It is moderately differentiated.
D) It is poorly differentiated.

Question 55

Which of the following is used to indicate how much tumor cells appear unlike their original form?

A) Radioimmunoassay
B) Nuclear scan
C) Single-photon emission computed tomography
D) Malignancy grading system

Question 56

What is true of cell differentiation?

A) Differentiation occurs only in cells that have become cancerous.
B) Differentiation is a treatment protocol for certain skin cancers.
C) Differentiation is a developmental process whereby unspecified cells or tissues become different types of cells or tissues.
D) Differentiation occurs only when cells have fully matured.

Question 57

Which test is used to assess the function of the thyroid?

A) Sentinel lymph node biopsy
B) Radioimmunoassay
C) Radioactive iodine uptake test
D) Mammography

Question 58

What does remission mean?

A) It is the excision of a significant part of an organ plus surrounding tissue that contains lymph nodes.
B) It is the removal of as much of a tumor's primary mass as possible in the case when complete removal is not possible.
C) It is the appearance of greatly enlarged nuclei within tumor cells.
D) It is the disappearance of the characteristics of a malignant tissue.

Question 59

Which of the following is an example of a tumor marker?

A) PSA
B) PGA
C) SPECT
D) ACS

Question 60

Which of the following is a benign tumor?

A) Adenocarcinoma
B) Teratoma
C) Angioma
D) Wilms tumor

Question 61

What is a definitive sign of cancer?

A) Anorexia
B) Enlarged lymph nodes
C) Easy bruising
D) None of the above

Question 62

What does an anatomical pathologist do?

A) Select specific cadavers for study in anatomy and physiology programs
B) Work with law officials in determining cause of death
C) Study cancer and treat patients with the disease
D) Assess the overall appearance of tissue samples and surgical specimens sent to the lab

Question 63

What is thrombocytopenia?

A) A deficiency of platelets
B) A deficiency of one of the thyroid hormones
C) A deficiency of cytoplasm
D) None of the above

Question 64

Which is among the most malignant of all skin cancers?

A) Melanoma
B) Squamous cell carcinoma
C) Basal cell carcinoma
D) Kaposi sarcoma

Question 65

What is the removal of a breast, lymph nodes, and underlying muscle called?

A) Mammography
B) Mammogram
C) Stereotactic mammography
D) Radical mastectomy

Question 66

What term means a change in the structure and orientation of cells and reversion to a more primitive form?

A) Anaplasia
B) Metastasis
C) Neoplasia
D) Cancer staging

Question 67

Surgical biopsy of which of the following may be successful at stopping cancer if it has not spread?

A) Breast
B) Pancreas
C) Brain
D) Eye

Question 68

Which team member typically prepares and stains sections of body tissue so that other team members can study its cellular composition?

A) Pathologist
B) Histology technologist
C) Oncologist
D) Histology technician

Question 69

Which of the following names does not generally refer to a malignant tumor?

A) Sarcoma
B) Adenoma
C) Carcinoma
D) Adenocarcinoma

Question 70

A Pap smear is used to detect cancer of what body part?

A) Uterus
B) Ovary
C) Uterine cervix
D) Bladder

Question 71

What combination of factors accounts for the majority of cancers?

A) Cigarette smoking and exposure to carcinogenic chemicals, radiation, and ultraviolet rays
B) Cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, and unprotected sex
C) Alcohol consumption, exposure to ultraviolet rays, and infections
D) Exposure to carcinogenic chemicals, alcohol consumption, and exposure to radiation

Question 72

What does resection mean?

A) The removal of as much of a tumor's primary mass as possible
B) The excision of a significant part of an organ plus surrounding tissue that contains lymph nodes
C) The extensive removal of a tumor, its origin, and all surrounding tissue
D) The construction of an artificial breast after a radical mastectomy

Question 73

What does the A in the acronym ABCDE stand for?

A) Abscess
B) Arrhythmia
C) Asymmetry
D) Anaplastic

Question 74

Which skin lesion is most often associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome?

A) Basal cell carcinoma
B) Kaposi sarcoma
C) Lymphadenoma
D) Multiple myeloma

Question 75

Which organization provides an annual estimate of the number of new cancer cases and deaths expected in the United States?

A) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
B) World Health Organization
C) American Cancer Society
D) American Joint Committee for Cancer Staging and End Results

Question 76

What ranked number one in estimated deaths from cancer for all adults in 2016?

A) Breast
B) Colon
C) Lung
D) Prostate

Question 77

Which body system and type of cancer are not related?

A) Mesothelioma and respiratory system
B) Kaposi sarcoma and musculoskeletal system
C) Seminoma and reproductive system
D) Glioblastoma multiforme and nervous system

Question 78

What apparatus is used to deliver super-voltage x-rays in radiotherapy?

A) Linear accelerator
B) Fractionator
C) Gamma knife
D) Maximal infusor

Question 79

What is not a traditional method of treating cancer?

A) Immunosuppression
B) Chemotherapy
C) Radiotherapy
D) Surgery

Question 80

What is the most significant cause of lung cancer?

A) Airborne asbestos
B) Tobacco use
C) Radon exposure
D) Ionizing radiation exposure