Deck 5: Police Organization: Structure and Functions

Question 1

During the ______ era of policing, civil service systems were created.

A)political
B)reform
C)community
D)crime control

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Which of the following best describes the Department of Justice?

A)Its main priority is to protect the U.S.from terrorist attacks.
B)It is the legal arm of the U.S.government.
C)It is the state-level law enforcement agency.
D)Its operations are based outside the authority of the federal government.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

The Secret Service falls under which federal department?

A)Department of Homeland Security
B)Department of Justice
C)Department of Interior
D)Department of Agriculture

Answer 3

A

Question 4

During the _____ era, there was greater emphasis placed on numbers of arrests, citations, and response times.

A)reform
B)community
C)political
D)homeland security

Question 5

In early England, the sheriff was responsible for which of the following tasks?

A)He maintained law and order in the tithings.
B)He presided over court proceedings of civil disputes.
C)He collected taxes and served as magistrate.
D)He conducted preliminary hearings to determine cause of death and the party responsible for it.

Question 6

During the _____ era, police corruption surfaced due to close ties between police and politicians.

A)reform
B)political
C)community
D)homeland security

Question 7

Which of the following is the newest federal agency?

A)Department of Homeland Security
B)Federal Bureau of Investigation
C)Drug Enforcement Administration
D)Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms

Question 8

Civil service systems were created to ______.

A)encourage more people to join the police force
B)eliminate ward influences in hiring and firing police officers
C)create disciplinary system for corrupt police officers
D)allow police officers to more efficiently patrol their beats

Question 9

Which of the following were among the duties of the constable in early England?

A)He maintained law and order in the tithings.
B)He presided over court proceedings of civil disputes.
C)He collected taxes and served as magistrate.
D)He conducted preliminary hearings to determine cause of death and the party responsible for it.

Question 10

Which Department of Homeland Security agency is responsible for preventing terrorists and terrorist weapons from entering the United States?

A)Secret Service
B)Immigration and Customs Enforcement
C)Federal Protective Service
D)Customs and Border Protection

Question 11

How does the position of justice of the peace differ between England and the United States?

A)The position has always been widely respected in England; it has generally been subject to corruption in the United States.
B)The jurisdiction of authority is limited to criminal cases in England, while it has both civil and criminal jurisdiction in the United States.
C)A law degree is required to hold the position in England; a law degree is not required in the United States.
D)The position is roughly the same in both England and the United States.

Question 12

Which of the following positions became the only one to pursue felons when the county militia turned more to matters of defense during the reign of Edward I?

A)coroner
B)constable
C)justice of the peace
D)sheriff

Question 13

Which early criminal justice official's authority to grant bail to felons led to corruption and criticism?

A)justice of the peace
B)sheriff
C)constable
D)coroner

Question 14

Which of the following agencies is responsible for identifying and closing weak spots in the nation's borders as well as in economic, transportation, and infrastructure security?

A)The Secret Service
B)Transportation Security Administration
C)U.S.Customs and Border Protection
D)Immigration and Customs Enforcement

Question 15

The selection process of police officers during the political era encouraged selection based on the candidate's ______.

A)education
B)experience
C)desire to serve the community
D)relationship with the alderman.

Question 16

Why did the role of constable fall into disfavor in the American colonies?

A)The office was rife with corruption and abuse of power.
B)Most constables were untrained and believed to be inadequate as law officials.
C)The functions were already being performed by sheriffs and justices of the peace.
D)The role of constable was too great a reminder of the heavy hand of government the colonists were attempting to avoid.

Question 17

Which of the following criminal justice officials of early England were elected court officers whose duties included oversight of the interests of the Crown?

A)sheriff
B)constable
C)coroner
D)justice of the peace

Question 18

Why did some police departments in the reform era prohibit officers from residing in neighborhoods where they patrolled?

A)to isolate officers from potential political influences
B)to make officers more familiar with the entire municipality
C)to expand the "rolling fortress" of police protection
D)to enhance the "thin blue line" of police protection

Question 19

Which federal agency is responsible for the investigation of counterfeiting, financial institution fraud, and computer-based attacks on the financial infrastructure of the United States?

A)Secret Service
B)U.S.Customs and Border Protection
C)Federal Deposit Insurance Agency
D)Federal Bureau of Investigation

Question 20

Which of the early criminal justice officials of the American colonies would have determined cause of death and the party responsible for it?

A)justice of the peace
B)sheriff
C)constable
D)coroner

Question 21

Agents that are trained to enforce the fish and game laws in a particular state would be considered part of which group?

A)special-purpose state agency
B)state department of public safety
C)state highway patrol
D)state bureau of investigation

Question 22

Which individual is credited with shaping the development of police professionalism during the reform era?

A)John Augustus
B)Cesare Becarria
C)August Vollmer
D)Arnold Comte

Question 23

Which federal agency has a criminal investigation division that employs "accountants with a badge?"

A)Internal Revenue Service
B)Central Intelligence Agency
C)Department of Homeland Security
D)Drug Enforcement Administration

Question 24

When compared to highway patrol, state police organizations typically perform ______.

A)tasks that are broader in scope
B)tasks that are narrowing in scope
C)more traffic-related tasks
D)more roadway emergency tasks

Question 25

Which state-level agencies are responsible for providing technical support to local agencies, such as laboratory analysis or record services?

A)state bureaus of investigation
B)state departments of public safety
C)state highway patrol divisions
D)state attorney general investigators

Question 26

When compared to sheriff's departments, members of the municipal police departments are more likely to ______.

A)wear plainclothes
B)hold a 2-year degree
C)have a lower start wage
B)be sworn personnel

Question 27

The Federal Bureau of Investigation was created and funded through which of the following?

A)Department of Homeland Security
B)Department of Justice
C)INTERPOL
D)U.S.Marshals Service

Question 28

Which operational element of local police agencies is considered the "backbone" of policing?

A)investigations
B)patrol
C)communications
D)records

Question 29

Agents in the state bureaus of investigation typically report to which of the following?

A)state attorney general
B)state highway patrol
C)state department of public safety
D)state police organization

Question 30

The community era's policing strategy focused on ______.

A)filling huge vacancies in the police officer ranks
B)encouraging officers to engage more in social work rather than law enforcement
C)combating political patronage and rampant corruption that took root during the reform era
D)training police officers to consider the underlying causes of crime on their beats

Question 31

A special-purpose state agency would be most likely to investigate ______.

A)criminal cases
B)highway accidents
C)civil cases
D)unlawful alcohol distribution

Question 32

What functions might a sheriff's department serve that a municipal police department does not?

A)investigate crimes
B)maintain order
C)serve as bailiff
D)enforce laws

Question 33

Which federal agency was responsible for capturing bootleggers during Prohibition?

A)Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives
B)Drug Enforcement Administration
C)U.S.Marshals Service
D)U.S.Secret Service

Question 34

Which department or agency typically collects certain taxes or payments for the county?

A)special-purpose state agency
B)municipal police
C)sheriff's department
D)state department of public safety

Question 35

Which of the following is a top priority of the Federal Bureau of Investigation?

A)protect the United States from terrorist attack
B)protect the United States against foreign intelligence operations and espionage
C)protect the United States against cyber-based attacks and high-technology crimes
D)provide a complete change of identity for members of the Witness Protection Program

Question 36

Which organization is primarily responsible for controlled substance and narcotics enforcement at the federal level?

A)U.S.Marshals Service
B)U.S.Secret Service
C)Central Intelligence Agency
D)Drug Enforcement Administration

Question 37

Which of the following would prohibit a potential officer from carrying a firearm?

A)failed written examination
B)failed medical examination
C)being convicted of domestic violence
D)being younger than 37 years of age

Question 38

Which of the following is generally required as a condition of placement in a law enforcement position?

A)have a U.S.citizenship
B)be 37 years of age or older
C)successfully complete a drug test
D)disclose chronic medical conditions that may impair performance

Question 39

Which of the following refers to a common element that is generally required of all law enforcement positions?

A)successful completion of a medical examination
B)ability to carry a firearm
C)successful completion of basic training
D)ability to relocate

Question 40

County correctional institutions are most often maintained and staffed by which department or agency?

A)sheriff's department
B)municipal police
C)special-purpose state agency
B)state department of public safety

Question 41

Which of the following is an example of contracted private police security?

A)A grocery store chain hires a company to provide their stores with security guards.
B)A locally owned bank hires an individual to be their security guard.
C)A celebrity hires a body guard to accompany them to a heavily publicized event.
D)A person hires a private investigator to follow his or her partner.

Question 42

Among the duties of the U.S.Secret Service is to investigate counterfeiting and other financial crimes, such as financial institution fraud, computer fraud, and identify theft.

Question 43

The office of the Justice of the Peace was criticized in the 16th century because of the wealthy landowners who were able to buy their way into office.

Question 44

Which of the following describes private security firms hired by a company to provide security services for a fee?

A)contract services
B)proprietary services
C)security guards
D)security consultants

Question 45

Which of the following is true about private security and private police personnel?

A)Private security officers are less likely to use excessive force than public police officers.
B)Private security officers are not legally allowed to carry firearms while on duty.
C)Private security officers often receive little training compared to public police officers.
D)Private security officers undergo extensive criminal background checks.

Question 46

In which industry did private policing first emerge?

A)grocery stores
B)banks
C)railroads
D)retail establishments

Question 47

At which level of law enforcement may agents receive a bonus for signing a mobility agreement?

A)municipal
B)state
C)federal
D)international

Question 48

Despite the efforts of reformers, police corruption increased dramatically during the reform era.

Question 49

Which of the following employment requirements typically requires a candidate to examine situational questions that are posed verbally by a board of assessors?

A)writing sample assessment
B)background investigation
C)basic training program
D)structured oral interview

Question 50

One of the top priorities of the Federal Bureau of Investigation is to protect the United States against cyber-attacks and high-technology crimes.

Question 51

State public safety agencies tend to perform general police functions such as highway patrol, traffic control, and crash investigations.

Question 52

The Internal Revenue Service is considered the most clandestine government service.

Question 53

The Federal Bureau of Investigation is prohibited from monitoring Internet sites, churches and political organizations, nor can its agents attend public meetings for the purpose of preventing terrorism.

Question 54

Today, the coroner determines the causes of all deaths by violence or under suspicious circumstances.

Question 55

A minimum qualification for working in law enforcement may be that the candidate ______.

A)holds a 4-year degree
B)passes basic training
C)must be older 37 years of age
D)earned a 4.0 grade point average in school

Question 56

An employment requirement that typically takes 4 to 6 months to complete is ______.

A)writing samples
B)background investigation
C)basic training program
D)relocation and mobility

Question 57

The first police force was established in London after the passage of the Metropolitan Police Act of 1829.

Question 58

The community era of policing implemented research findings that found traditional methods of policing were ineffective, such as reducing response times and increased calls for service.

Question 59

Which of the following is true of private security personnel?

A)They are not bound by Miranda provisions regarding suspects' rights as sworn police officers.
B)They have the same arrest authority as sworn police officers.
C)They attend the same academies and have the same training as sworn police officers.
D)They are not bound by use of force policies like sworn police officers.

Question 60

Which of the following agencies may require candidates to be younger than 37 years of age?

A)state highway patrol
B)municipal police department
C)county sheriff's department
D)U.S.Marshals service

Question 61

What were the four primary criminal justice officials in early England that were adopted in American and still exist (or existed until recently)?

Question 62

Special-purpose state agencies are investigative units that are trained for a specific law enforcement area.

Question 63

What are some of the reforms that August Vollmer implemented during the Reform Era?

Question 64

The London police are nicknamed "bobbies" because of the man who established the first police force in London.

Question 65

In what ways was the formation of the Department of Homeland Security the most significant transformation of the U.S.government in more than 50 years?

Question 66

Why were the London police formed in the early 1800s?

Question 67

What does it mean that policing during the reform era was "driven by numbers"?

Question 68

What is the difference between proprietary and contract services in the private security/police industry?

Question 69

What types of responsibilities are generally tasked to state police agencies?

Question 70

August Vollmer is credited with shaping the development of police professionalism during the reform era.

Question 71

The first private security operation was established to ensure railway security.

Question 72

The most common security services provided in the United States include contract guards, alarm services, and armored-car services.

Question 73

Why was policing described as the "thin blue line?"

Question 74

A retail store hires several individuals to be part of their security department.This is an example of proprietary private police security.

Question 75

Describe two concerns associated with arming private security officers.

Question 76

When compared to public officers, studies have shown that the people employed in private security positions typically have less training.

Question 77

Private security officers are bound by the Miranda decision just as public police officers are.

Question 78

The Metropolitan Police Act of 1829 created a police force to combat urban problems.

Question 79

When compared with municipal police departments, members serving as part of the sheriff's department are more likely to wear body armor.

Question 80

Describe how political considerations could work against corrupt officers during the political era.