Deck 3: The Human Genome: Gene Structure and Function

Question 1

Translation involves which type of RNA?

A) Messenger RNA (mRNA)
B) Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
C) Transfer RNA (tRNA)
D) All of the above
E) None of the above

Answer 1

All of the above

Question 2

Translation is always initiated at a codon for which amino acid?

A) Alanine
B) Glycine
C) Tryptophan
D) Methionine
E) Phenylalanine

Answer 2

Methionine

Question 3

In humans, which of the following are mechanisms by which a single gene can produce multiple gene products?

A) Suppressor codons
B) Alternative stop codons
C) RNA splicing
D) Recombination
E) Use of tumor-associated transplantation antigen (TATA) boxes

Answer 3

RNA splicing

Question 4

What types of sequences are located in the 5' region of human genes?

A) Exons and introns
B) Start and stop codons
C) Promoters and enhancers
D) Splice signals
E) Polyadenylation sequences

Question 5

This modification of cytosine phosphate guanine (CpG) islands is associated with transcriptional repression:

A) Phosphorylation
B) Protein binding
C) Methylation
D) Lipidation
E) None of the above

Question 6

DNA sequences that resemble known genes but are nonfunctional are called:

A) Pseudogenes
B) False genes
C) Dead genes
D) Faux genes
E) Noncoding genes

Question 7

Which of the following steps must a primary RNA transcript undergo before it becomes a fully processed, mature mRNA?

A) Capping, polyadenylation, and splicing
B) Splicing
C) Splicing and reverse transcription
D) Capping and splicing
E) Splicing and transport

Question 8

What is the central dogma of molecular biology?

A) DNA to RNA to protein
B) Transcription to splicing to translation
C) Meiosis, recombination, fertilization
D) Mitosis, cell division, cell death
E) DNA synthesis, homologous pairing, recombination

Question 9

Which of the following sequences is located in the 3' region of human genes?

A) Splice signals
B) Promoters
C) Start codons
D) Locus control regions
E) Polyadenylation sequences

Question 10

Which of the following describes the system of codons in our DNA?

A) Each codon encodes a unique amino acid
B) It is degenerate
C) Each codon specifies an amino acid
D) Codons are overlapping
E) The molecular link between codons and amino acids is mRNA

Question 11

Which of the following are final products of a gene?

A) Protein
B) RNA
C) Exons
D) Both A and B
E) A, B, and C

Question 12

Gene families can arise by which of the following mechanisms?

A) Transcription
B) Recombination
C) Gene duplication
D) Gene replication
E) All of the above