Deck 6: Abdomen

Question 1

The esophagus enters the medial aspect of the stomach.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Assuming that the right and left renal arteries arise separately, generally the third vessel to branch off the abdominal descending aorta is the left renal artery.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

The aorta is in the anterior pararenal space.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

On axial CT images, the ligamentum venosum separates the right lobe of the liver from the left lobe anteriorly.

Question 5

The kidneys are in the perirenal space.

Question 6

The left renal artery is longer than the right.

Question 7

On axial CT images, the falciform ligament separates the caudate lobe of the liver from the left lobe.

Question 8

The rectus abdominis muscles are found in both the abdominal and pelvic cavities.

Question 9

The first branch off the abdominal descending aorta is the superior mesenteric artery (SMA).

Question 10

The vessel seen running the length of the posterior pancreas on sectional images is the SMV.

Question 11

The quadratus lumborum muscles are found in both the abdominal and pelvic cavities.

Question 12

The duct initially draining bile from the gallbladder is the cystic duct.

Question 13

The second branch off the abdominal descending aorta is the celiac axis.

Question 14

Bilirubin enters the liver, having originated in the small intestine.

Question 15

The ureters are in the perirenal space.

Question 16

The ascending colon is in the peritoneal cavity.

Question 17

The liver is in the peritoneal cavity.

Question 18

The first part of the pancreas that typically appears on axial sectional images that are arranged in descending order is the tail.

Question 19

The three branches off the celiac axis are the splenic artery, left gastric artery, and IMA.

Question 20

Most of the small intestines are in the anterior pararenal space.

Question 21

The IVC is in the perirenal space.

Question 22

On axial CT images, the round ligament separates the quadrate lobe of the liver from the left lobe.

Question 23

The ligamentum teres is the remnant of the fetal ductus venosus.

Question 24

On axial CT images, the ligamentum teres separates the quadrate lobe of the liver from the left lobe.

Question 25

The transverse colon is in the peritoneal cavity.

Question 26

The types of contrast used for abdominal/pelvic CT are barium and ionic and nonionic iodinated.

Question 27

The inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) supplies all of the large intestines with freshly oxygenated blood.

Question 28

The artery passing along the superior pancreas is the splenic artery.

Question 29

The erector spinae muscles are found in both the abdominal and pelvic cavities.

Question 30

The lateral muscle seen most medially on axial sectional images is the transversus abdominis.

Question 31

The ligamentum venosum is a remnant of the obliterated fetal umbilical vein.

Question 32

The adrenals are in the anterior pararenal space.

Question 33

The lateral muscles (external oblique, internal oblique, and transversus abdominis) are found in both the abdominal and pelvic cavities.

Question 34

The pancreas is in the peritoneal cavity.

Question 35

The descending colon is in the peritoneal cavity.

Question 36

The hepatic artery, hepatic vein, and portal vein supply the liver with blood.

Question 37

The gallbladder is in the anterior pararenal space.

Question 38

The lateral muscle seen most laterally on axial sectional images is the transversus abdominis.

Question 39

The portion of the GI tract seen curving around the head of the pancreas on axial CT images is the jejunum.

Question 40

The right kidney typically is seen on sectional images at a higher level than the left kidney.

Question 41

Assuming that the right and left renal arteries arise separately, the fourth vessel to branch off the abdominal descending aorta is generally the right renal artery.

Question 42

The portal vein is formed by the merger of the splenic vein and SMV.

Question 43

Bilirubin enters the liver having originated in the spleen.

Question 44

CT is not the best modality to demonstrate pathology for which organ?

A)liver
B)spleen
C)pancreas
D)gallbladder

Question 45

The liver's sole function is to manufacture bile.

Question 46

The round ligament is the remnant of the fetal ductus venosus.

Question 47

The psoas muscle is found within the abdominal and pelvic cavities.

Question 48

Compared to the left adrenal gland, the right adrenal gland is typically seen at a lower level on sectional images.

Question 49

As seen on axial CT images, what portions of the liver are separated by the ligamentum teres?

A)right lobe from the left lobe
B)caudate lobe from the quadrate lobe
C)caudate lobe from the left lobe
D)quadrate lobe from the left lobe

Question 50

The hepatic veins empty into the IVC.

Question 51

On axial CT images, the duodenum is seen curving around the head of the pancreas.

Question 52

Most of the duodenum is in the anterior pararenal space.

Question 53

The adrenals are in the

A)peritoneal cavity.
B)anterior pararenal space.
C)perirenal space.
D)posterior pararenal space.

Question 54

At least in theory, the quadrate lobe of the liver is

A)part of the right lobe of the liver.
B)part of the left lobe of the liver.
C)part of the quadrate lobe of the liver.
D)a separate lobe.

Question 55

The celiac axis supplies the stomach, spleen, and liver with freshly oxygenated blood.

Question 56

The superior mesenteric artery (SMA) supplies the small intestines, cecum, ascending colon, and right half of the transverse colon with freshly oxygenated blood.

Question 57

The pancreas is in the

A)peritoneal cavity.
B)anterior pararenal space.
C)perirenal space.
D)posterior pararenal space.

Question 58

The point where the right and left common iliac veins form the inferior vena cava (IVC) is at

A)the sacrum.
B)L5.
C)L4.
D)L3.

Question 59

The point where the descending aorta bifurcates into the right and left common iliac arteries is

A)the sacrum.
B)L5.
C)L4.
D)L3.

Question 60

Generally, the right renal artery will arise from the descending aorta before the left.

Question 61

The liver is in the

A)peritoneal cavity.
B)anterior pararenal space.
C)perirenal space.
D)posterior pararenal space.

Question 62

At least in theory, the caudate lobe of the liver is

A)part of the right lobe of the liver.
B)part of the left lobe of the liver.
C)part of the quadrate lobe of the liver.
D)a separate lobe.

Question 63

The ureters are in the

A)peritoneal cavity.
B)anterior pararenal space.
C)perirenal space.
D)posterior pararenal space.

Question 64

The celiac axis feeds the

A)left half of the transverse colon, descending colon, and rectum.
B)stomach, spleen, and liver.
C)small intestines, cecum, descending colon, and right half of transverse colon.
D)None of the above
E)All of the above

Question 65

The SMA feeds the

A)left half of the transverse colon, descending colon, and rectum.
B)stomach, spleen, and liver.
C)small intestines, cecum, ascending colon, and right half of the transverse colon.
D)None of the above
E)All of the above

Question 66

The descending colon is in the

A)peritoneal cavity.
B)anterior pararenal space.
C)perirenal space.
D)posterior pararenal space.

Question 67

As seen on axial CT images, what portions of the liver are separated by the ligamentum venosum?

A)right lobe from the left
B)caudate lobe from the quadrate lobe
C)caudate lobe from the left
D)quadrate lobe from the left

Question 68

The most anterior opening in the diaphragm is the

A)caval hiatus.
B)esophageal hiatus.
C)aortic hiatus.
D)None of the above

Question 69

The ascending colon is in the

A)peritoneal cavity.
B)anterior pararenal space.
C)perirenal space.
D)posterior pararenal space.

Question 70

Typically, one expects to find the adrenals at approximately the same level as the

A)appearance of the liver.
B)appearance of the crus of the diaphragm.
C)appearance of the stomach.
D)None of the above

Question 71

On axial CT images, the quadrate lobe of the liver is seen separated from the left lobe by the

A)falciform ligament.
B)ligamentum venosum.
C)round ligament.
D)None of the above

Question 72

Which branch of the celiac axis ascends?

A)splenic artery
B)left gastric artery
C)common hepatic artery
D)They all remain at the same level.

Question 73

Which of the following is not located within the peritoneal cavity?

A)duodenum
B)aorta
C)inferior vena cava (IVC)
D)pancreas
E)None of the above is located within the peritoneal cavity.

Question 74

Most of the duodenum is in the

A)peritoneal cavity.
B)anterior pararenal space.
C)perirenal space.
D)posterior pararenal space.

Question 75

Which is not a branch off the celiac axis?

A)left gastric artery
B)IMA
C)splenic artery
D)common hepatic artery

Question 76

The aorta is in the

A)peritoneal cavity.
B)anterior pararenal space.
C)perirenal space.
D)posterior pararenal space.

Question 77

The last segment of the small intestines is the

A)pylorus.
B)duodenum.
C)ileum.
D)jejunum.
E)ilium.

Question 78

On axial CT images, the quadrate lobe of the liver is seen separated from the left lobe by the

A)falciform ligament.
B)ligamentum venosum.
C)ligamentum teres.
D)None of the above

Question 79

The portion of the GI tract seen curving around the head of the pancreas on axial CT images is the

A)pylorus.
B)jejunum.
C)ileum.
D)duodenum.

Question 80

Which organ would not be covered by the visceral layer of the peritoneum?

A)stomach
B)gallbladder
C)liver
D)pancreas
E)spleen