Deck 10: Lower Extremity

Question 1

The bones involved in forming the mortise joint are the fibula, tibia, and talus.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

The intercondylar fossa is found on the anterior distal femur.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

The head of the fibula is located proximally.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

The extensor digitorum longus and extensor hallucis longus are in the posterior compartment of muscles that move the foot and toe.

Question 5

The patella is the largest sesamoid bone in the human body.

Question 6

The gluteal (maximus, medius, and minimus) and tensor muscles abduct the thigh.

Question 7

The lateral compartment of muscles that move the foot and toe is also known as the peroneal.

Question 8

The cuboid articulates with the anterior calcaneus.

Question 9

The linea aspera is a ridge of bone running longitudinally on the middle third of the anterior femur.

Question 10

The tibial tuberosity is a secondary site of ossification.

Question 11

The iliopsoas, sartorius, and rectus femoris muscles adduct the thigh.

Question 12

The sinus tarsi is seen on sectional images between the calcaneus and talus.

Question 13

The inferior patella is the base.

Question 14

Ligaments associated with the knee joint include the patellar, anterior cruciate, and posterior cruciate.

Question 15

The anterior talar articulating surface of the calcaneus rests on the sustentaculum tali.

Question 16

The ligaments seen medially on sectional images of the ankle are the deltoid and spring.

Question 17

The peroneus brevis and longus muscles are in the anterior compartment of muscles that move the foot and toe.

Question 18

The gracilis, hamstrings, and sartorius are involved in extending the lower leg.

Question 19

The heads of the metatarsals articulate with the cuneiform bones and cuboid.

Question 20

The flexor (digitorum longus and hallucis longus) gastrocnemius, plantaris, popliteus, and soleus muscles are in the posterior compartment of muscles that move the foot and toe.

Question 21

The longest, strongest, and heaviest bone in the human body is the femur.

Question 22

The bases of the metatarsals are proximal.

Question 23

The Achilles and plantaris tendons insert onto the calcaneus.

Question 24

The hamstring, gemellus, obturator, piriformis, and quadratus femoris muscles flex the thigh at the hip joint.

Question 25

The inferior surface of the distal tibia articulates with the talus.

Question 26

The head of the femur and all of the acetabulum are completely covered with articulating cartilage.

Question 27

The transverse ligament is seen on sectional images connecting the lateral and medial menisci.

Question 28

Tendons associated with the ankle joint include the Achilles, extensor digitorum longus, extensor hallucis longus, and tibialis anterior.

Question 29

The plantaris muscle tendon inserts alongside the lateral aspect of the Achilles tendon.

Question 30

The adductors (brevis, longus, and magnus), gracilis, and pectineus muscles are in the medial group of muscles that move the femur.

Question 31

The superior surface of the talus articulating with the tibia is the head.

Question 32

The first, second, and third cuneiforms are seen on sectional images articulating with the anterior navicular.

Question 33

The small pit on the head of the femur is the adductor tubercle.

Question 34

The hamstring, gemellus, obturator, piriformis, and quadratus femoris muscles are all in the posterior group of muscles that move the femur.

Question 35

The iliopsoas, sartorius, and rectus femoris are all in the anterior group of muscles that move the femur.

Question 36

The muscle tendons that merge to form the Achilles tendon are the gastrocnemius and plantaris.

Question 37

The movement between the femur and tibia is a modified hinge joint.

Question 38

The quadriceps femoris muscle is involved in extending the lower leg.

Question 39

The hamstring muscles include the biceps femoris, semimembranosus, and quadriceps femoris.

Question 40

The first cuneiform articulates with the anterior talus.

Question 41

Which ligament of the knee joint is not external?

A)patellar
B)tibial collateral
C)anterior cruciate
D)fibular collateral

Question 42

The ligamentum teres femoris is a ligament associated with the knee joint.

Question 43

The rectus femoris is one of the four heads of the quadriceps femoris.

Question 44

Which bone is seen on sectional images articulating with the anterior talus?

A)calcaneus
B)cuboid
C)navicular
D)third cuneiform
E)first cuneiform

Question 45

The zona orbicularis is associated with the knee joint.

Question 46

The first metatarsal is on the lateral foot.

Question 47

The apex of the fibula

A)extends inferiorly from the lateral malleolus.
B)extends superiorly from the head.
C)extends medially from the head.
D)There is no apex associated with the fibula.

Question 48

Which ligaments is/are associated with the knee joint?

A)patellar
B)anterior cruciate
C)posterior cruciate
D)All of the above

Question 49

What type of diarthrodial joint is the ankle joint?

A)gliding
B)condyloid
C)hinge
D)ball-and-socket

Question 50

Which muscle(s) that move the femur is/are also involved in moving the lower leg?

A)gracilis
B)hamstrings
C)sartorius
D)All of the above

Question 51

An alternative term for the ligament of the head of the femur is

A)cotyloid ligament.
B)acetabular labrum.
C)ligamentum teres femoris.
D)transverse ligament.

Question 52

The flexor (digitorum longus and hallucis longus), gastrocnemius, plantaris, popliteus, and soleus muscles are muscles that move the foot and toe. In which compartment are they located?

A)anterior
B)posterior
C)lateral
D)None of the above

Question 53

The extensor retinacula of the ankle are located

A)anteriorly.
B)posteriorly.
C)laterally.
D)medially.

Question 54

The menisci are

A)pads of fat.
B)pads of fibrocartilage.
C)sacs of synovial fluid lined by a synovial membrane.
D)None of the above

Question 55

Which are condyloid joints?

A)patella and femoral patellar surface
B)lateral femoral and tibial condyles
C)medial femoral and tibial condyles
D)All of the above

Question 56

The joint classification of the tibiofemoral joint is

A)amphiarthrosis.
B)diarthrosis.
C)synarthrosis.
D)None of the above

Question 57

The gluteal (maximus, medius, and minimus) and tensor muscles are in the medial group of muscles that move the femur.

Question 58

The largest sesamoid bone in the body is found

A)in the vicinity of the knee.
B)in the foot.
C)in the hand.
D)All sesamoid bones are approximately the same size.

Question 59

Which ligament is associated with the hip joint?

A)patellar
B)ligamentum teres femoris
C)anterior cruciate
D)posterior cruciate

Question 60

The classification of the ankle joint is

A)amphiarthrosis.
B)diarthrosis.
C)synarthrosis.
D)None of the above

Question 61

In which group is the talocalcaneal ligament of the ankle?

A)lateral
B)medial
C)interosseous
D)None of the above

Question 62

The zona orbicularis

A)encircles the femoral neck.
B)encircles the head of the fibula.
C)is found in the intercondylar fossa.
D)is found on the patellar surface.

Question 63

The flexor retinacula of the ankle are located

A)anteriorly.
B)posteriorly.
C)laterally.
D)medially.

Question 64

The hamstring, gemellus, obturator, piriformis, and quadratus femoris muscles all move the femur. They are in the

A)anterior group.
B)posterior group.
C)medial group.
D)lateral group.

Question 65

What type of diarthrodial joint is the hip?

A)hinge
B)condylar
C)ball-and-socket
D)gliding

Question 66

Which bone(s) is/are seen on sectional images articulating with the anterior navicular?

A)talus
B)cuboid
C)calcaneus
D)first, second, and third cuneiforms

Question 67

The peroneus brevis and longus are muscles that move the foot and toe. In which compartment are they located?

A)anterior
B)posterior
C)lateral
D)None of the above

Question 68

What action(s) do the gracilis, hamstring, and sartorius muscles perform on the lower leg?

A)flex the leg at the knee joint
B)extend the leg at the knee joint
C)a and b
D)The muscles listed do not move the lower leg.

Question 69

What action do the hamstring, gemellus, obturator, piriformis, and quadratus femoris muscles perform on the femur?

A)abduction
B)adduction
C)lateral rotation
D)flexion

Question 70

The bursa(e) of the ankle is/are

A)over the medial malleolus of the tibia.
B)over the lateral malleolus of the fibula.
C)external to the Achilles tendon.
D)internal to the Achilles tendon.
E)All of the above

Question 71

The acetabular fossa

A)accommodates the head of the femur.
B)is covered with articulating cartilage.
C)contains a fat pad.
D)All of the above

Question 72

The Achilles and plantaris tendons insert onto the

A)calcaneus.
B)lateral malleolus of the fibula.
C)medial malleolus of the tibia.
D)talus.

Question 73

The intercondyloid eminence of the tibia

A)is located on the superior surface.
B)is formed by the medial and lateral intercondylar tubercles.
C)has tibial plateaus on either side.
D)All of the above

Question 74

The iliopectineal bursa is associated with the

A)hip joint.
B)knee.
C)ankle joint.
D)symphysis pubis.

Question 75

Of the ligaments reinforcing the articular capsule of the hip, the strongest is the

A)iliofemoral.
B)ischiofemoral.
C)pubofemoral.
D)a, b, and c have the same amount of strength.

Question 76

Which ligament connects the fovea capitis of the head of the femur to the acetabular or cotyloid notch?

A)cotyloid ligament
B)ligamentum teres femoris
C)transverse ligament
D)None of the above

Question 77

The cotyloid notch is associated with the

A)acetabulum.
B)intercondylar fossa.
C)talus.
D)distal femur.

Question 78

The intercondylar fossa is found on the

A)anterior distal femur.
B)posterior distal femur.
C)anterior proximal tibia.
D)posterior proximal tibia.

Question 79

Which bone is seen on sectional images articulating with the anterior calcaneus?

A)talus
B)cuboid
C)navicular
D)first cuneiform

Question 80

Which is not an intracapsular ligament?

A)anterior cruciate
B)posterior cruciate
C)transverse
D)capsular