Question 1

In the knee, the condyles of the femur and tibia are partially separated by two fibrocartilaginous discs, the ___________________________________.&#10;A) anterior and posterior acetabular labrum&#10;B) medial and collateral ligaments&#10;C) anterior and posterior bursae&#10;D) medial and lateral menisci&#10;E) synovial membranes

Accepted Answer

Medial and lateral menisci. The condyles of the femur and the tibia are partially separated by two interposing fibrocartilaginous discs, or menisci, the medial and lateral menisci. Each meniscus is C-shaped, and a transverse ligament joins their anterior margins.

Question 2

The talocrural joint is capable of which two movements?&#10;A) Dorsiflexion and plantarflexion&#10;B) Hyperextension and extension&#10;C) Abduction and hyperextension&#10;D) Flexion and abduction&#10;E) Inversion and eversion

Accepted Answer

Dorsiflexion and plantarflexion. The talocrural (ankle) joint is capable of two movements. Dorsiflexion is the drawing up of the dorsum of the foot that allows the heel to strike the ground first. Plantarflexion is the opposite movement that points the foot downward. The intertarsal joint is capable of inversion and eversion of the ankle.

Question 3

All of the following muscles are involved in flexion of the hip except the __________.&#10;A) iliacus&#10;B) psoas&#10;C) rectus femoris&#10;D) soleus&#10;E) sartorius

Accepted Answer

Soleus. The iliacus and psoas muscles (together referred to as the iliopsoas muscle), the rectus femoris muscle, and the sartorius muscle all contribute to hip flexion. The soleus muscle is responsible for plantarflexion of the foot.

Question 4

The large bone of the thigh is the ___________________________.&#10;A) tibia&#10;B) os coxae&#10;C) fibula&#10;D) femur&#10;E) coccyx

Accepted Answer

Femur. The femur is the only bone of the thigh. It is a large, long bone that articulates with the os coxae and two large condyles that articulate inferiorly with the tibia.

Question 5

The weight-bearing bone of the leg is the _________________________.&#10;A) femur&#10;B) tibia&#10;C) fibula&#10;D) patella&#10;E) calcaneus

Accepted Answer

Tibia. The tibia is relatively massive because it bears all the weight transmitted from the femur and, in turn, transfers the weight to the ankle. The fibula is not weight bearing. The femur is in the thigh.

Question 6

The _______ nerve, which is the largest nerve in the body, runs down the back of the thigh and then divides into two branches, the common fibular nerve and the tibial nerve.&#10;A) pudendal&#10;B) femoral&#10;C) sciatic&#10;D) obturator&#10;E) peroneal

Accepted Answer

Sciatic. The sciatic nerve is the largest nerve in the body. Just above the knee, it divides into two terminal branches, the common fibular nerve and the tibial nerve.

Question 7

The sacral plexus is formed by the anterior primary rami of which spinal nerves?&#10;A) T1 and T2&#10;B) C1 to C4&#10;C) C5 and T1&#10;D) S1 and L1-L4&#10;E) S1 to S4, L4, and L5

Accepted Answer

S1 to S4, L4, and L5. The sacral plexus arises from the anterior primary rami of spinal nerves L4 and L5 and S1, S2, S3, and S4.

Question 8

The ________ is a sesamoid bone embedded within the tendon of the quadriceps femoris muscle. Its anterior surface is roughened for the tendinous attachments to the quadriceps femoris muscle.&#10;A) tibia&#10;B) fibula&#10;C) femur&#10;D) trochanter&#10;E) patella

Accepted Answer

Patella. The patella is a sesamoid bone embedded within the tendon of the quadriceps femoris muscle. Its anterior surface is roughened for the attachments to the quadriceps femoris muscle.

Question 9

Blood supply to the lower limb is provided through the _______ artery and its branches.&#10;A) femoral&#10;B) tibial&#10;C) popliteal&#10;D) fibular&#10;E) plantar

Accepted Answer

Femoral. The femoral artery supplies the entire lower limb through its various branches, which are the popliteal, fibular, posterior tibial, and anterior tibial arteries.

Question 10

The semitendinosus, semimembranosus, biceps femoris, and posterior portion of the adductor magnus muscles are colloquially referred to as ____________________.&#10;A) calves&#10;B) flexors&#10;C) biceps&#10;D) gluten&#10;E) hamstrings

Accepted Answer

Hamstrings. The hamstrings are muscles that are extensors of the hip and flexors of the knee. These muscles are the semitendinosus, semimembranosus, biceps femoris, and the posterior portion of the adductor magnus muscles.

Deck 10: The Lower Limb