Deck 13: Your Body and How It Functions

Question 1

How does the ear help you to hear sound?

Answer 1

The nervous system is a system constituting of nerves that are responsible for reception and responding to internal or external stimuli. These nerves have a functional unit called as neurons, which are specialized cells. The neurons transmit signals between different parts of the body. It can thus, rightly be called the electric wiring of the body.
CNS (central nervous system) and PNS (peripheral nervous system) are the parts of the nervous system. The CNS comprises of spinal cord, brain and nerves while, the PNS includes neurons (sensory), ganglia and nerves connected to one another and to the central nervous system.
The sensory neurons are responsible for the response to stimulus of five senses such as light, sound, smell, taste and touch. They transmit the signals generated for such responses to the central nervous system, which then activates the motor neurons through the signals for appropriate action.
The ear receives sound waves and facilitates hearing. It also helps to maintain the equilibrium of the body. The ear has 3 parts namely the inner ear, middle ear and the outer one.
The pinna in the outer ear concentrates sound to the ear canal towards the tympanic membrane or the ear drum. This initiates vibrations in the ear drum. The vibrations are carried from the ear drum to the organ of Corti in the inner ear by means of ossicles (smallest bones in the body) present in the middle ear.
The organ of Corti consists of sensory hair cells, which detects these vibrations and therefore, helps in converting them into electrical signals. These electric signals are then transmitted to the brain, where they are interpreted. Different frequencies of sound activate different parts of the organs, thereby allowing one to perceive sound as speech or music.

Question 2

Are the maxilla and mandible found in the axial or appendicular skeleton?

Answer 2

The skeletal system is composed of a group of connective tissues such as the bone, cartilages and tendons. It provides the organs of the body with structural support and also forms the shape of the body. The human skeleton consists of the axial skeleton and the appendicular skeleton.
The axial skeleton of the human skeleton is defined as the skeleton that comprises the bones of the skull and the trunk of the body. In the human body, this skeleton is comprised of 80 bones which in turn make up the skull bone, the ossicles, the sternum and rib cage, the hyoid bone and the vertebral column.
The appendicular skeleton refers to the skeleton that comprises of the bones supporting the limbs of the body. The skeleton is comprised of 206 bones. The jaw is a part of the human skull. The upper jawbone is Maxilla and jawbone towards the lower part is mandible. Therefore maxilla and mandible are part of the axial skeleton which includes the skull bone.

Question 3

What are the differences between an ECG/EKG technician and an echocardiogram technician?

Answer 3

According to the type of disorders, various medical tests are available today for diagnosis and accordingly various different technicians are available in health care industry. ECG/EKG (electrocardiogram) and echocardiogram technicians perform health related tests, but, they also share some differences.
The difference between ECG/EKG technician and an echocardiogram is briefly explained below as follows:

Question 4

What are five functions of the liver?

Question 5

What are the symptoms and treatment for hypoglycemia?

Question 6

What are the six main functions of the skin?

Question 7

How does muscular dystrophy affect a patient?

Question 8

What is arthritis and what are the symptoms?

Question 9

What is the difference between an antigen and an antibody?

Question 10

What are the differences in function between the small intestine and the large intestine?

Question 11

___________ is a physician who specializes conditions that affect your glands.

Question 12

What are the three main layers of tissue in skin?

Question 13

What is connective tissue?

Question 14

Identify three duties of an orthopedic technician.

Question 15

Which lymph organ filters microorganisms and waste products from the blood?

Question 16

What are the accessory structures of the digestive system?

Question 17

List and describe three disorders of the eye.

Question 18

Other than skin, what additional structures or tissues are associated with the integumentary system?

Question 19

Describe the five types of tissue and their functions in the body.

Question 20

What organs does the abdominal cavity contain?

Question 21

How can a person avoid muscle strain?

Question 22

How is the lymphatic system like the circulatory system?

Question 23

What causes hepatitis and what are its symptoms?

Question 24

Which tactile corpuscles sense touch and pressure?

Question 25

What is a boil and what causes it?

Question 26

Wilson looks confused after her doctor has confirmed and explained her diagnosis of diabetes. You know from talking with her family that they usually call diabetes "sugar." How could you help Ms. Wilson better understand her condition? Brainstorm with classmates to think of other words people use for medical conditions or bodily functions that could cause confusion.

Question 27

What organ would arteriosclerosis mainly affect?

Question 28

What position is the leg in when you are sitting normally in a chair?

Question 29

What are the symptoms that signal an immune response?

Question 30

What does a hepatologist do and what education/training is required?

Question 31

What four main tastes are detected by the taste buds?

Question 32

How can skin cancer be prevented?

Question 33

Communication -Explain how you think that your understanding of the body systems helps you communicate with patients/clients and coworkers. Your patient/client asks you to explain how the muscles in her upper arm cause the fore arm to move. Write how you can communicate this information to a child under 6, an adult over 80, and a teenager.

Question 34

How would you describe a wound that is on the left front chest, close to the shoulder socket?

Question 35

Describe the three types of muscle tissue and what they do.

Question 36

What is the cause of AIDS?

Question 37

What are the primary functions of the urinary system?

Question 38

Name the ossicles of the middle ear.

Question 39

What is acne?

Question 40

What is the appendicular skeleton?

Question 41

Which cavities are located in the dorsal region of the body?

Question 42

What are the three functions of muscles?

Question 43

What is lymphadenitis and what are its symptoms?

Question 44

What is dialysis and when is it used?

Question 45

What structures are part of the peripheral nervous system?

Question 46

____________ is a physician trained to treat conditions and diseases of the skin, hair, and nails.

Question 47

A patient complains of painful urination and blood in the urine. He says that he has had these symptoms for a few days. What other information should you get from the patient? What disorders would the symptoms indicate?

Question 48

Which type of tissue protects the outer body and the organs and also receives sensations?

Question 49

What does contract mean?

Question 50

What does an immunologist do?

Question 51

What is the purpose of the nephron?

Question 52

Which part of the brain controls breathing and heartbeat?

Question 53

A child inherits a recessive allele for sickle cell anemia and a dominant allele for normal red blood cells. What kind of red blood cells will the child have? Why?

Question 54

Patient Education -Many patients have little knowledge of anatomy and/or the correct terms for body parts. Try to find out if local healthcare facilities have policies that provide patients with illustrated brochures or diagrams to help explain medical conditions. Working with a partner, create your own brochure or diagram.

Question 55

Name three major parts of the cell and describe their functions.

Question 56

What is tendonitis and how do you treat it?

Question 57

What structure keeps food and water from entering the lungs?

Question 58

What are the symptoms of renal calculi (kidney stones)?

Question 59

What causes "Pink Eye" and how do you treat it?

Question 60

What is the cause of Down Syndrome?

Question 61

Describe all the structures that blood passes through as it travels between the aorta and the vena cava.

Question 62

A ____________ is a scientist who studies living organisms and infectious agents that are too small to be seen with the naked eye.

Question 63

Describe the different roles of a physical therapist and a sports medicine assistant.

Question 64

Describe the path that air takes as it enters the body.

Question 65

Why is kidney failure dangerous to a patient's health?

Question 66

What does a neurologist do and what education or training is required for this career?

Question 67

How are genes, chromosomes, and DNA are related.

Question 68

Legal and Ethical -A patient's doctor just told him that he has a serious problem in the gastrointestinal system. The doctor thinks that it is probably a malignant tumor. The patient asks you what you know about his condition. What is your responsibility in this case?

Question 69

Name two differences between a registered nurse (RN) and a licensed practical nurse/licensed vocational nurse (LPN/LVN).

Question 70

What are the major organs of the circulatory system?

Question 71

How does the diaphragm help you to breathe?

Question 72

_____________, also called a renal physician, specializes in the treatment of patients with kidney diseases.

Question 73

How are the male testes similar to the female ovaries?

Question 74

What is a nucleotide?

Question 75

How does the spleen keep the body healthy?

Question 76

How can a person treat rickets?

Question 77

What is the function of the capillaries?

Question 78

What is asthma and what are the treatments for asthma?

Question 79

What substance is produced by the adrenal cortex and what function does this substance have in the body?

Question 80

Describe how a mature egg gets to the uterus.