Deck 8: Juries

Question 1

Lisa was convicted of her third felony and the judge had to give her a set sentence without looking at her past history. Her sentence is an example of ______.

A) determinate
B) indeterminate
C) presumptive
D) mandatory minimum

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT true about Gregg v. Georgia?

A) It ended the moratorium on the death penalty.
B) It started the moratorium on the death penalty.
C) It separated the guilt and sentencing part of the trial process.
D) It introduced aggravating and mitigating circumstances in the sentencing process.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Tom was convicted of rape and received the sentence of life in prison with the possibility of parole. He is up for parole board review. His sentence is an example of ______.

A) indeterminate
B) determinate
C) mandatory minimum
D) presumptive

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Identify which of the important functions of trials assures that the government will intervene to protect citizens by prosecuting wrongdoers.

A) symbolism
B) legitimacy
C) security
D) law

Question 5

Judges establishing the actual time served refers to ______.

A) presumptive sentences
B) mandatory minimum sentences
C) indeterminate sentences
D) determinate sentence

Question 6

Identify which of the following is true about jury size.

A) The minimum size of individuals on a jury in criminal cases is 12.
B) The minimum size of individuals on a jury in criminal cases is 6.
C) The maximum size of individuals on a jury in criminal cases is 6.
D) There is no minimum amount of people required to be on a jury in criminal cases.

Question 7

Which of the following cases started the moratorium on the death penalty.

A) Gregg v. Georgia
B) Furman v. Georgia
C) Roe v. Wade
D) Ballew v. Georgia

Question 8

Tommy is a juror in a case where there is ample evidence of the defendant's guilt. However, Tommy believes that the system is imposing harsh sentences for that specific crime and does not want to participate in it. He tells other jurors they should vote the defendant not guilty. Tommy is engaging in ______.

A) challenge for cause
B) nullification
C) peremptory challenge
D) jury tampering

Question 9

The exclusion of a juror for no reason whatsoever is known as ______.

A) peremptory challenge
B) challenge for cause
C) nullification
D) none of the above

Question 10

Identify which of the following cases ended the moratorium on the death penalty.

A) Gregg v. Georgia
B) Furman v. Georgia
C) Ballew v. Georgia
D) Roe v. Wade

Question 11

Boot camps are an example of ______.

A) intermediate sanctions
B) mandatory minimum sentence
C) presumptive sentence
D) determinate sentence

Question 12

House arrest is an example of ______.

A) imprisonment
B) intermediate sanctions
C) presumptive sentence
D) determinate sentence

Question 13

Legislature requires judges to sentence an offender to a minimum sentence no matter the mitigating factors. This refers to ______.

A) indeterminate sentence
B) determinate sentence
C) presumptive sentence
D) mandatory minimum sentence

Question 14

Tony believes that individuals who commit crime can learn to become productive members of society. He most likely agrees with what purpose of punishment?

A) retribution
B) incapacitation
C) deterrence
D) rehabilitation

Question 15

Gregg v. Georgia ended the moratorium on the death penalty. Identify which of the following WAS NOT factored into the decision process?

A) two-stage process
B) direct appeal
C) consideration of aggravated and mitigating circumstances
D) mandatory sentencing

Question 16

Retribution refers to ______.

A) punishing to discourage from offenses happening again
B) punishing in order to harm the individual that caused harm
C) punishing to remove individual from society as an interest for safety
D) punishment intended to transform individual into productive member of society

Question 17

Identify which case decided that a 12-person jury is not constitutionally required.

A) Ballew v. Georgia
B) Furman v. Georgia
C) Gregg v. Georgia
D) Williams v. Florida

Question 18

Incapacitation refers to ______.

A) punishing to remove individual from society as an interest for safety; punishing to discourage from offenses happening again
B) punishing in order to harm the individual that caused harm
C) punishing to discourage from offenses happening again
D) punishment intended to transform individual into productive member of society

Question 19

Community service is an example of ______.

A) fine
B) intermediate sanction
C) presumptive sentence
D) mandatory minimum sentence

Question 20

Rehabilitation refers to ______.

A) punishing to discourage from offenses happening again
B) punishment intended to transform individual into productive member of society
C) punishing in order to harm the individual that caused harm
D) punishing to remove individual from society as an interest for safety

Question 21

The exclusion of a juror for the inability to be fair is known as ______.

A) peremptory challenge
B) challenge for cause
C) nullification
D) extreme vetting

Question 22

Exoneration is the formal acknowledgment that the defendant is innocent.

Question 23

Which of the following is NOT true about Furman v. Georgia?

A) It placed a moratorium on the death penalty.
B) The death penalty was ruled unconstitutional.
C) The application of the death penalty was ruled unconstitutional.
D) The death penalty was ruled constitutional.

Question 24

Life without parole is the alternative sentence given in those states that do not allow for capital punishment.

Question 25

Identify the year in which scientific jury selection was used for the first time.

A) 1965
B) 1972
C) 1987
D) 1999

Question 26

The conscious and deliberate decision of a jury to acquit a defendant despite the awareness of guilt is known as ______.

A) challenge for cause
B) nullification
C) peremptory challenge
D) none of these

Question 27

Minimum and maximum sentences are given by judges, but parole boards reviewing cases decide actual sentence time being served. This refers to ______.

A) presumptive sentences
B) mandatory minimum sentences
C) determinate sentences
D) indeterminate sentences

Question 28

Ana believes that individuals who commit crime need to reimburse the victims from whatever they took. Ana most likely agrees with what purpose of punishment?

A) restoration
B) rehabilitation
C) incapacitation
D) deterrence

Question 29

A crime being particularly brutal would be considered ______.

A) an aggravating circumstance
B) a mitigating circumstance
C) irrelevant in the sentencing process
D) none of the above

Question 30

There are 23 states that still use the death penalty.

Question 31

Jessica believes that individuals who commit crime should be locked up so that they can pay for their crimes. Jessica most likely agrees with what purpose of punishment?

A) deterrence
B) retribution
C) incapacitation
D) rehabilitation

Question 32

Tom believes that individuals should be punished in order to send the message that crime should not occur. Tom most likely agrees with what purpose of punishment?

A) retribution
B) deterrence
C) incapacitation
D) rehabilitation

Question 33

A legislatively established commission provides a sentencing formula based on various factors in ______.

A) indeterminate sentencing
B) determinate sentencing
C) presumptive sentencing
D) mandatory minimum sentences

Question 34

Deterrence refers to ______.

A) punishment intended to transform individual into productive member of society
B) punishing to discourage from offenses happening again
C) punishing in order to harm the individual who caused harm
D) punishing to remove individual from society as an interest for safety

Question 35

Which of the following is NOT true about the death penalty?

A) It was deemed unconstitutional.
B) It was deemed as discriminatory.
C) Its application was considered cruel and unusual punishment.
D) A judge can exclude jurors from a trial if they are solely for or against it.

Question 36

Identify which case decided the division of responsibility between the judge and the jury.

A) Apodaca v. Oregon
B) Williams v. Florida
C) Johnson v. Louisiana
D) Sparf and Hansen v. United States

Question 37

Which of the following is NOT true about juries and social science?

A) It is proven that scientific jury selection can predict the behavior of specific jurors.
B) There is an increase in jury consultants.
C) Consultants analyze body language and handwriting.
D) Mock juries are used to test persuasiveness of arguments prior to actual trials.

Question 38

Most states and federal systems provide for appeals.

Question 39

In 1976, the Supreme Court ruled that the death penalty was no longer administered in a "cruel and unusual fashion."

Question 40

A criminal having a very abusive past would be considered ______.

A) an aggravating circumstance
B) a mitigating circumstance
C) irrelevant in the sentencing process
D) none of the above

Question 41

Define and explain presumptive sentencing guidelines. Why is this important?

Question 42

Juries must be comprised of 12 individuals.

Question 43

Reconciliation focuses on transforming the individual into a productive member of society.

Question 44

Discuss and explain the significance of the seriousness of offense and the defendant's prior record.

Question 45

The United Nations was formed in 1946.

Question 46

Explain and discuss the history and significance of Sentencing Reform and Three Strikes Laws.

Question 47

Retribution focuses on compensation to the victim.

Question 48

Summarize the basics of the indeterminate sentence.

Question 49

The federal government allows for the death penalty.

Question 50

Deterrence focuses on punishment as a discouragement for future offending.

Question 51

Explain and discuss the historicity of unanimous verdicts in jury decision-making.

Question 52

Short-term shock incarceration is an example of intermediate sanctions.

Question 53

In 1972, the Supreme Court ruled that the death penalty was unconstitutional.

Question 54

Rehabilitation focuses on punishing the individual for the harm caused.

Question 55

Death penalty cases are automatically appealed to a higher court.