Deck 4: Product Design

Question 1

Dismantling and inspecting a competitor's product to identify design features that might be used to improve your own product is known as reverse engineering.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

A product's reliability is a function of the reliabilities of its component parts but not a function of how those parts are arranged.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

An effective design process matches product characteristics with customer requirements.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Use quality function deployment as a design tool.

Question 5

Establishing multifunctional design teams can help reduce the time-to-market.

Question 6

Provide an overview of each step of the product design process and describe the three types of concurrent designs.

Question 7

Discuss several computer aided systems available for the design of new products and their related production processes.

Question 8

Products assembled in modules can be easier to repair and maintain.

Question 9

Use two techniques for analyzing design failures and one technique for eliminating unnecessary design features.

Question 10

Product design has a tremendous impact on the quality of a manufactured good or service.

Question 11

Explain why and how each step of the product lifecycle can be changed for improved environmental stewardship and provide examples of programs that support green efforts.

Question 12

Comparing a product or process against the best-in-class is known as reverse engineering.

Question 13

Modular design is one way to gain the benefits of standardization without losing the advantage of variety and uniqueness.

Question 14

One quantitative measure of maintainability is mean time to repair (MTTR).

Question 15

Comparing a product or process against the best-in-class is known as benchmarking.

Question 16

Creating preliminary design models, that are quickly tested and either discarded or further refined, is known as rapid prototyping.

Question 17

Concurrent design may involve simultaneously designing products and their production processes.

Question 18

Form design refers to the physical appearance of a product.

Question 19

To increase system reliability, redundant parts can be built to back up a failure.

Question 20

The design process begins with understanding the customer and identifying customer needs.

Question 21

Concurrent design is often aided by the use of technology.

Question 22

Design review involves identifying possible defects and the value added by each part or component.

Question 23

Worldwide, extended producer responsibility (EPR) is becoming an important factor influencing product design for personal computers and some household appliances.

Question 24

Reliability is the probability that a given part or product will perform its intended function for a specified length of time under adverse operating conditions.

Question 25

Design for the environment (DFE) is an important factor influencing product design for all North American products.

Question 26

Computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) has replaced computer-aided design (CAD) in the product design process.

Question 27

Modular design combines standardized building blocks, or modules, to create unique finished products.

Question 28

Incorporating the voice of the customer into technical product design requirements is known as quality function deployment (QFD).

Question 29

Employing a systematic approach to analyzing the causes and effects of product failures is known as design for manufacture (DFM).

Question 30

Collaborative product design (CPD) software provides interconnectivity among members of a product's supply chain.

Question 31

Value analysis is often utilized by a multifunctional product design team as part of the design review.

Question 32

Extended producer responsibility (EPR) is a concept that holds companies responsible for their products following the products' useful lives.

Question 33

Product life cycle (PLM) systems maintain design data from product conception to retirement excluding minor design updates.

Question 34

Product design technology has decreased the time to market for many new products thereby decreasing overall competition in the market.

Question 35

One of the factors supporting the increase in new products has been advances in the technology available for designing products.

Question 36

The final design consists of detailed drawings and specifications for the new product.

Question 37

Design for manufacture (DFM) is the process of designing a product so that it can be produced more easily and economically.

Question 38

Using a cross-functional team to design new products is known as concurrent design.

Question 39

Products designed to withstand variations in operating conditions are said to be robust.

Question 40

Computer-aided design (CAD) produces better products but always increases the time to design them.

Question 41

All of the following are characteristics of an effective design process except

A) increasing the design time for new products and services.
B) meeting customer requirements in the least costly manner.
C) matching product or service characteristics with customer requirements.
D) minimizing the number of revisions needed to make the design workable.

Question 42

The house of quality, the most popular quality function deployment (QFD) matrix, converts customer requirements into the product design specifications.

Question 43

Which of the following is not a characteristic of an effective product design process?

A) matches product characteristics with customer requirements
B) maximizes the revisions necessary to make a design workable
C) ensures that customer requirements are met in the least costly and simplest manner
D) reduces the time required to design a new product or service

Question 44

Combining standardized building blocks in different ways to create unique finished products is known as

A) rapid prototyping.
B) robust design.
C) modular design.
D) concurrent design.

Question 45

The design process begins with

A) a feasibility study.
B) a form design.
C) understanding the customer and identifying customer needs.
D) pilot runs and final tests.

Question 46

A company produces a product consisting of two components arranged as follows:

Both components must function for the product to function. To achieve an overall reliability of at least 0.95 without changing the reliability of the 1^st component, the reliability of the 2^nd component would need to be at least

A) 0.925.
B) 0.95.
C) 0.97.
D) 0.98.

Question 47

All of the following can improve a product's reliability except

A) simplifying product design.
B) improving individual component reliability.
C) changing the product warranty.
D) adding redundant components.

Question 48

A company produces a product consisting of two components arranged as follows:

If both components must function for the product to function, then the two components would need individual reliabilities of ___ to achieve an overall reliability of 0.90.

A) R₁ = 0.90 and R₂ = 0.90
B) R₁ = 0.95 and R₂ = 0.95
C) R₁ = 0.80 and R₂ = 0.80
D) R₁ = 0.85 and R₂ = 0.85

Question 49

Simultaneously designing new products and the processes to produce them is known as

A) concurrent design.
B) functional design.
C) modular design.
D) standardization.

Question 50

Which of the following is a quantitative measure of reliability?

A) reliability bar
B) maintainability
C) mean time between failures (MTBF)
D) mean time to repair (MTTR)

Question 51

Creating a preliminary design that can be quickly tested and then either discarded or further refined is referred to as

A) benchmarking.
B) rapid prototyping.
C) concurrent design.
D) perceptual mapping.

Question 52

A product consists of three components is arranged as follows:

If all three components must function for the product to function then the product's overall reliability is approximately

A) 0.812.
B) 0.90.
C) 0.933.
D) 0.95.

Question 53

Quality function deployment (QFD) consists of a series of matrix diagrams that define product design changes and the ramifications of implementing those changes.

Question 54

Carefully dismantling and inspecting a competitor's product to look for design features that can be incorporated into your own product is known as

A) concurrent design.
B) design for manufacturability.
C) benchmarking.
D) reverse engineering.

Question 55

A company produces a product consisting of two components arranged as follows:

If both components must function for the product to function, then the product's overall reliability is

A) 0.950.
B) 0.940.
C) 0.930.
D) 0.884.

Question 56

The quality loss function measures the cost of designing robust products.

Question 57

The allowable range of the variation in a part's design specification is called the signal-to-noise ratio.

Question 58

The probability that a product will perform its intended function for a specified length of time under normal conditions is called

A) benchmarking.
B) perceptual mapping.
C) maintainability.
D) reliability.

Question 59

Quality Function Deployment (QFD) translates the voice of the customer into technical design requirements.

Question 60

Tolerances are the allowable ranges of customer requirements.

Question 61

Computer-aided engineering

A) assists in the creation, modification, and analysis of a design.
B) is a software system that tests and analyzes designs on the computer screen.
C) is the ultimate design-to-manufacture connection.
D) is a software system for collaborative design and development among trading partners.

Question 62

Which of the following will not improve the design for manufacture and assembly?

A) minimizing the number of parts and subassemblies
B) using standard parts when possible
C) designing parts for limited, unique uses
D) designing parts for many, varied uses

Question 63

If a product fails 10 times in 500 hours of operation, then its mean time between failures (MTBF) is

A) 0.02 hour.
B) 0.10 hour.
C) 20 hours.
D) 50 hours.

Question 64

The system availability for a system with a mean time between failures (MTBF) of 1000 hours and a mean time to repair (MTTR) of 50 hours would be

A) 100.00%.
B) 97.50%.
C) 95.24%.
D) 4.76%.

Question 65

The ability to meet present needs without compromising those of future generations is a. concept in product design known as

A) reusability.
B) maintainability.
C) reliability.
D) sustainability.

Question 66

Fault tree analysis (FTA) is

A) a software system that uses computer graphics to assist in designing products.
B) a systematic approach to analyzing the causes and effects of product failures.
C) a visual method for analyzing the interrelationships among failures.
D) a structured process that translates the voice of customer into technical design requirements.

Question 67

For the overall reliability of the following system to be 0.975 or greater, the reliability of the backup component, R_b, must be at least

A) 1.00.
B) 0.896.
C) 0.736.
D) 0.534.

Question 68

Design for the environment includes all the following except

A) design for disposal or reuse.
B) sustainability.
C) extended producer responsibility (EPR).
D) environmentally safe pollutants (ESP).

Question 69

All of the following are principles of green product design except

A) using new materials.
B) using less materials.
C) involving the entire supply chain.
D) changing the paradigm of design.

Question 70

A product consists of three components is arranged as follows:
If all three components must function for the product to function, and the product's overall reliability must be at least 0.92, then the reliability of the first component, R₁, must be at least

A) 0.999.
B) 0.84.
C) 0.96.
D) 0.972.

Question 71

Failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) is

A) a software system that uses computer graphics to assist in designing products.
B) a systematic approach for analyzing the causes and effects of the product failures.
C) a visual method for analyzing the interrelationships among failures.
D) a structured process that translates the voice of customer into technical design requirements.

Question 72

Value analysis is

A) a systematic method of analyzing product failures.
B) a visual method for analyzing the interrelationships among failures.
C) a procedure for eliminating unnecessary features and functions.
D) none of the above.

Question 73

If a piece of equipment has a mean time between failures (MTBF) of 500 hours with a mean time to repair (MTTR) of 10 hours, then its uptime or average availability would be

A) 0.020 or 2.00%.
B) 0.980 or 98.00%.
C) 0.500 or 50.00%.
D) 1.000 or 100.00%.

Question 74

Functional design includes all the following except

A) reliability.
B) usability.
C) form design.
D) maintainability.

Question 75

The overall reliability of the following system is

A) 0.787.
B) 0.85.
C) 0.89.
D) 0.919.

Question 76

The overall reliability of the following system is

A) greater than 1.00.
B) 0.95.
C) 0.90.
D) 0.898.

Question 77

Which of the following techniques would most likely be used to systematically analyze product failures?

A) concurrent design
B) quality function deployment
C) failure mode and effects analysis
D) value analysis

Question 78

One of the purposes of an economic analysis as part of a feasibility study is to

A) formulate alternative product and service concepts.
B) identify customer needs.
C) assess whether there is enough demand for the proposed product.
D) look at estimates of production and development costs and compares them to estimated sales volume.

Question 79

Extended producer responsibility means

A) designing a product from material that can be recycled or easily repaired rather than discarded.
B) companies have to implement sustainability.
C) companies have to determine their greenhouse gas emissions.
D) companies are held responsible for their product even after its useful life.

Question 80

Which of the following is a quantitative measure of maintainability?

A) design for manufacture (DFM)
B) mean time to repair (MTTR)
C) mean time between failures (MTBF)
D) quality function deployment (QFD)