Deck 41: Internal Transport: the Circulatory System

Question 1

What percentage of plasma is water?

A) about 92%
B) about 77%
C) about 55%
D) about 10%

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Which set of terms refers to structures that all contain valves?

A) arteries, veins, heart
B) lymph capillaries, arteries, heart
C) lymph capillaries, veins, heart
D) arteries, capillaries, heart

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Which type of leukocytes are the most prevalent in a normal individual?

A) eosinophils
B) neutrophils
C) basophils
D) lymphocytes

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Where are blood cells produced in humans?

A) in the heart
B) in the lymph nodes
C) in the bone marrow
D) in the kidneys

Question 5

Which two components of blood are involved in the formation of clots?

A) albumin and fibrinogen
B) platelets and albumin
C) fibrinogen and erythrocytes
D) fibrinogen and platelets

Question 6

Which component of plasma constitutes antibodies?

A) dissolved gas
B) albumin
C) fibrinogen
D) immunoglobulin

Question 7

Which statement describes an open circulatory system?

A) It allows blood to be contained in blood vessels.
B) It contains two circulatory systems.
C) It is more efficient than a closed system.
D) It allows hemolymph and interstitial fluids to be mixed together.

Question 8

Who consumes more oxygen per minute?

A) hummingbird over human
B) shrew over hummingbird
C) hummingbird over shrew
D) human over hummingbird

Question 9

What is the function of erythrocytes?

A) to fight off infections
B) to carry oxygen
C) to secrete erythropoietin
D) to form clots

Question 10

What is the function of valves in the heart?

A) to prevent backflow of blood
B) to prevent clot formation
C) to form blood cells
D) to push blood ahead

Question 11

Which of the following is similar between erythrocytes and lymphocytes?

A) component of plasma
B) has a role in immune response
C) produced from stem cells
D) carries hemoglobin

Question 12

Which two ions are the most abundant in plasma?

A) HCO₃^- and Cl^-
B) Na⁺ and K⁺
C) HCO₃^- and Ca²⁺
D) Na⁺ and Cl^-

Question 13

Where is an atrioventricular valve located?

A) where blood enters the aorta
B) between the right atrium and the right ventricle
C) between both atria and ventricles
D) between the left atrium and the left ventricle

Question 14

Which of these vessels carries oxygenated blood?

A) the pulmonary vein
B) the inferior vena cava
C) the pulmonary artery
D) the superior vena cava

Question 15

What is the purpose of the pulmonary circuit in a closed circulatory system?

A) to collect and distribute blood only to the heart
B) to take blood to and from all parts of the body
C) to take blood to and from the lungs
D) to take blood to and from kidneys

Question 16

Which organ system participates in the body's defences against diseases?

A) respiratory system
B) nervous system
C) circulatory system
D) lymphatic system

Question 17

What percentage of the total blood volume is made up of plasma?

A) about 75%
B) about 50%
C) about 25%
D) about 10%

Question 18

Which of the following is characteristic of sponges and hydras?

A) lack of an actual circulatory system
B) lack of a reproductive system
C) lack of a digestive system
D) lack of a muscle system

Question 19

Which blood components are the smallest in size?

A) leukocytes
B) lymphocytes
C) erythrocytes
D) platelets

Question 20

Where is erythropoietin produced?

A) in the liver
B) in the heart
C) in the lymph nodes
D) in the kidneys

Question 21

Lymph capillaries are smaller in diameter than blood capillaries.

Question 22

Which of the following would be too big to pass easily through capillary walls?

A) water
B) carbon dioxide
C) erythrocytes
D) glucose

Question 23

Which chamber of the heart does the blood first enter when it returns from the pulmonary circuit?

A) the left ventricle
B) the right ventricle
C) the right atrium
D) the left atrium

Question 24

What help move lymph throughout the lymph vessels?

A) constriction of blood vessels
B) skeletal muscle and breathing movements
C) conscious actions
D) dilation of blood vessels

Question 25

Where are baroreceptors located?

A) in the brainstem
B) in the walls of blood vessels
C) in the adrenal glands
D) in the heart

Question 26

What happens to your blood pressure when you run?

A) Only your diastolic blood pressure elevates.
B) Both your diastolic and systolic blood pressures elevate.
C) Both your diastolic and systolic blood pressure stay the same.
D) Only your systolic blood pressure elevates.

Question 27

The primary function of erythrocytes is to participate in immune reactions.

Question 28

The systolic blood pressure is the time when the blood pressure is the highest in the arteries.

Question 29

Where is the sinoatrial node located?

A) in the pulmonary artery
B) in the right atrium
C) in the left atrium
D) in the left ventricle

Question 30

What is the main force that moves blood throughout the system of blood vessels?

A) valve action
B) venous blood pressure
C) smooth muscle action
D) arterial blood pressure

Question 31

Which set of terms refers to the control of cardiac output?

A) baroreceptors, brainstem, heart
B) heart, baroreceptors, brainstem
C) brainstem, heart, baroreceptors
D) brainstem, baroreceptors, heart

Question 32

Which structures could be considered blood reservoirs?

A) veins
B) arterioles
C) capillaries
D) arteries

Question 33

Which of the following would be the most likely reason for the high resistance of capillaries to blood flow?

A) the diameter of capillaries being so small that the white blood cells must squeeze
B) the diameter of capillaries being so small that that the red blood cells must squeeze
C) the diameter of capillaries being so large that the red blood cells must fill it all up
D) the diameter of capillaries being so large that the white blood cells must fill it all up

Question 34

When you are experiencing stress, the sympathetic nervous system decreases your blood pressure.

Question 35

How many times per minute does the average human heart beat?

A) 120
B) 72
C) 53
D) 10

Question 36

How much fluid does the lymphatic system return to the bloodstream each day?

A) 10 to 13 litres
B) 6 to 7 litres
C) 3 to 4 litres
D) 1 to 2 litres

Question 37

Which vessels allow an actual gas exchange?

A) the capillaries
B) the venules
C) the arterioles
D) the veins

Question 38

Which sequence places the components of the electrical activity of the heart in the proper order?

A) AV node, Purkinje fibres, SA node
B) Purkinje fibres, AV node, SA node
C) SA node, AV node, Purkinje fibres
D) AV node, SA node, Purkinje fibres

Question 39

Cardiac output is defined as the pressure and amount of blood pumped by the ventricles.

Question 40

In which blood vessels is pressure the greatest?

A) in the veins
B) in the capillaries
C) in the arteries
D) in the venules

Question 41

Identify the following structures on the picture.
valve (two valves are labelled)

Question 42

The albumins are the most abundant because they are important for osmotic balance and pH buffering, and for the transport of wide variety of substances through the circulatory system, including hormones and metabolic wastes.
Why would an iron deficiency result in anemia?

Question 43

Identify the following structures on the picture.
left pulmonary veins

Question 44

The albumins are the most abundant because they are important for osmotic balance and pH buffering, and for the transport of wide variety of substances through the circulatory system, including hormones and metabolic wastes.
What three factors regulate blood pressure?

Question 45

Identify the following structures on the picture.
septum

Question 46

For the systemic circulation in humans, place the blood vessels in the correct order that the blood encounters as it leaves the heart.
A. arteries
B. arterioles
C. capillaries
D. veins
E. venules
first vessel category
________
second vessel category
________
third vessel category
________
fourth vessel category
________
fifth vessel category
________

Question 47

The albumins are the most abundant because they are important for osmotic balance and pH buffering, and for the transport of wide variety of substances through the circulatory system, including hormones and metabolic wastes.
Why do veins have less elastic components than arteries?

Question 48

Match each type of animal to the description of its circulatory system.
a.a heart that has two chambers and one circuit
b.a heart that has three chambers and two circuits
c.a heart that has three chambers (and a partially formed septum in the ventricle) and two circuits
d.a heart that has four chambers and two circuits
snakes

Question 49

Place the structures in the correct order that deoxygenated blood (blood lacking oxygen) will encounter after it enters the heart.
A. aorta
B. left atrium
C. left ventricle
D. lungs
E. pulmonary arteries
F. pulmonary veins
G. right atrium
H. right ventricle
first structure
___________
second structure
___________
third structure
___________
fourth structure
___________
fifth structure
___________
sixth structure
___________
seventh structure
___________
eighth structure
___________

Question 50

Identify the following structures on the picture.
left atrium

Question 51

Identify the following structures on the picture.
aorta

Question 52

The albumins are the most abundant because they are important for osmotic balance and pH buffering, and for the transport of wide variety of substances through the circulatory system, including hormones and metabolic wastes.
Describe several reasons to explain why blood flows more slowly in capillaries than in arteries.

Question 53

The albumins are the most abundant because they are important for osmotic balance and pH buffering, and for the transport of wide variety of substances through the circulatory system, including hormones and metabolic wastes.
Why is the movement of blood in veins sometimes described as "milking a vein"?

Question 54

The albumins are the most abundant because they are important for osmotic balance and pH buffering, and for the transport of wide variety of substances through the circulatory system, including hormones and metabolic wastes.
How do lymph nodes aid in a cancer diagnosis?

Question 55

The albumins are the most abundant because they are important for osmotic balance and pH buffering, and for the transport of wide variety of substances through the circulatory system, including hormones and metabolic wastes.
Why must an animal such as an amphibian remain moist?

Question 56

Match each type of animal to the description of its circulatory system.
a.a heart that has two chambers and one circuit
b.a heart that has three chambers and two circuits
c.a heart that has three chambers (and a partially formed septum in the ventricle) and two circuits
d.a heart that has four chambers and two circuits
amphibians

Question 57

The albumins are the most abundant because they are important for osmotic balance and pH buffering, and for the transport of wide variety of substances through the circulatory system, including hormones and metabolic wastes.
What is meant by the term "blood-brain barrier"?

Question 58

Identify the following structures on the picture.
right pulmonary veins

Question 59

Match each type of animal to the description of its circulatory system.
a.a heart that has two chambers and one circuit
b.a heart that has three chambers and two circuits
c.a heart that has three chambers (and a partially formed septum in the ventricle) and two circuits
d.a heart that has four chambers and two circuits
fish

Question 60

Match each type of animal to the description of its circulatory system.
a.a heart that has two chambers and one circuit
b.a heart that has three chambers and two circuits
c.a heart that has three chambers (and a partially formed septum in the ventricle) and two circuits
d.a heart that has four chambers and two circuits
mammals

Question 61

Identify the following structures on the picture.
thymus

Question 62

Identify the following structures on the picture.
tonsils

Question 63

Identify the following structures on the picture.
superior vena cava

Question 64

Identify the following structures on the picture.
lymph vessels

Question 65

Identify the following structures on the picture.
right ventricle

Question 66

Identify the following structures on the picture.
left ventricle

Question 67

Identify the following structures on the picture.
lymph nodes

Question 68

Identify the following structures on the picture.
inferior vena cava

Question 69

Identify the following structures on the picture.
spleen

Question 70

Identify the following structures on the picture.
thoracic duct

Question 71

Identify the following structures on the picture.
right lymphatic duct

Question 72

Identify the following structures on the picture.
pulmonary arteries