Deck 1: Corrections: an Overview

Question 1

Cultural restrictions on behavior that forbid serious violations-such as murder,rape and robbery-of a group's values are called _____.

A)folkways
B)mores
C)anomies
D)feeling rules

Answer 1

B

Question 2

The major Code of Ethics governing the field of corrections was created by the _____.

A)Federal Bureau of Investigation
B)American Correctional Association
C)National Criminal Justice Association
D)Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences

Answer 2

B

Question 3

The prosecutor dropping charges after filing them is called a _____.

A)nollo judicus
B)nolo contendere
C)nolle prosequi
D)noelle persecutus

Answer 3

C

Question 4

It wasn't until the _____ that women began to enter the corrections professions in significant numbers.

A)2000s
B)1990s
C)1980s
D)1970s

Question 5

If the defendant accepts a penalty without admitting guilt it is called _____.

A)nollo judicus
B)nolo contendere
C)nolle prosequi
D)noelle persecutus

Question 6

A minor violation of state statute or local ordinance punishable by a fine or other penalty,but not incarceration,or by a specified,usually very short term of incarceration is called a(n)_____.

A)infraction
B)misdemeanor
C)felony
D)perjury

Question 7

In _____,the Professional Education Council of the American Correctional Association developed a model entry test for correctional officers.

A)1970
B)1980
C)1990
D)2000

Question 8

A serious criminal offense;specifically,one punishable by death or by incarceration in a prison facility for more than a year is called a(n)_____.

A)infraction
B)misdemeanor
C)felony
D)perjury

Question 9

A relatively minor violation of the criminal law,such as petty theft or simple assault,punishable by confinement for one year or less is called a(n)_____.

A)infraction
B)misdemeanor
C)felony
D)perjury

Question 10

The first training standards established by the American Correctional Association on Accreditation set specific numbers of _____ hours for preservice.

A)70
B)150
C)100
D)120

Question 11

A credentialing process,usually involving testing and career development assessment,through which the skills,knowledge,and abilities of correctional personnel can be formally recognized is called _____.

A)legislation
B)accreditation
C)adjudication
D)certification

Question 12

Which among the following is an example of an infraction?

A)Murder
B)Breaking and entering
C)Littering
D)Auto theft

Question 13

Which of the following is a component of the criminal justice system?

A)A court
B)Sole proprietorship
C)Arbitration
D)A cooperative

Question 14

The main function of the preliminary hearing is to:

A)ensure the incarceration and rehabilitation of adults and juveniles convicted of offenses against the law.
B)determine whether there is cause to believe that the accused committed a crime within the jurisdiction of the court.
C)ensure the maintenance and upkeep of the correctional facilities that are used for incarceration.
D)determine whether there are adequate facilities in the correctional facilities for the convicted offenders.

Question 15

Which of the following statements is true of crime rates and prison population in the United States?

A)Serious crime continues to increase while the prison population continues to decrease.
B)Serious crime continues to decrease while the prison population continues to increase.
C)Serious crime continues to increase causing the prison population to increase.
D)Serious crime continues to decrease causing the prison population to decrease.

Question 16

Who among the following is a correctional client?

A)A recreation coordinator
B)A unit leader
C)A field administrator
D)A probationer

Question 17

_____ are time-honored ways of doing things.Although they carry the force of tradition,their violation is unlikely to threaten the survival of the social group.

A)Folkways
B)Mores
C)Anomies
D)Feeling rules

Question 18

Which among the following is an example of a felony?

A)Burglary
B)Simple assault
C)Jaywalking
D)Littering

Question 19

Which among the following is an example of a misdemeanor?

A)Robbery
B)Simple assault
C)Arson
D)Jaywalking

Question 20

The process by which a court arrives at a final decision in a case is called _____.

A)arbitration
B)arraignment
C)certification
D)adjudication

Question 21

A serious criminal offense;specifically,one punishable by death or by incarceration in a prison facility for more than a year is called a _____.

Question 22

After losing all their available direct appeals,state prisoners may also seek to have their convictions reviewed collaterally in the federal courts via a _____.

Question 23

Race,ethnicity,and gender are all aspects of _____.

Question 24

It wasn't until the 1970s that women began to enter the corrections professions in significant numbers.

Question 25

The prosecutor can drop charges after filing them.Such a choice is called _____.

Question 26

A few states make conviction of a felony and the resulting incarceration grounds for uncontested divorce.

Question 27

In the United States,there are more female police officers than female correctional officers.

Question 28

Major violations of the law that often involve long term incarceration are called infractions.

Question 29

_____ is the process by which a court arrives at a decision in a case.

Question 30

A relatively minor violation of the criminal law,such as petty theft or simple assault,punishable by confinement for one year or less is called a _____.

Question 31

The prison population in the United States is higher today than at any time in history.

Question 32

Some crimes classified as felonies in one part of the country may be misdemeanors in another.

Question 33

Murder,rape,aggravated assault,robbery,burglary,and arson are felonies in all jurisdictions within the United States.

Question 34

A person's race is recognized as an objective biological fact,and not a social construct.

Question 35

According to the Bureau of Justice Statistics,noninstitutional corrections,which is sometimes called community corrections,includes pardon,probation,and parole activities,correctional administration not directly connectable to institutions,and miscellaneous [activities] not directly related to institutional care.

Question 36

_____ is defined as criminal laws and criminal justice institutions,policies,and practices that achieve justice in the present without compromising the ability of future generations to have the benefits of a just society.

Question 37

The word "evidence" refers to criminal evidence,and not scientific evidence.

Question 38

The use of _____ in corrections and public policy is now considered the gold standard for policy and program development.

Question 39

If the defendant accepts a penalty without admitting guilt it is called _____.

Question 40

The process of achieving justice through the application of the criminal law and through the workings of the criminal justice system is called criminal justice.