Deck 12: Probation,parole,and Reentry

Question 1

According to the Supreme Court in the case of Morrissey v.Brewer,procedural safeguards are required at

A)parole revocation hearings.
B)preliminary hearings.
C)parole board hearings.
D)parole supervision meetings.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Which of the following statements about parole is false?

A)Parole is a prisoner reentry strategy.
B)Parole is a sentencing option available to a judge.
C)The primary purpose of parole is to gradually return offenders to productive lives.
D)Parole is designed to act as a stimulus for positive behavioral change.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Which of the following is a characteristic of the social work model of probation and parole?

A)Clients are "wards" who are controlled by probation and parole officers.
B)There is an emphasis on community protection.
C)Officers assist clients meet the conditions imposed upon them by their sentences.
D)Officers must be willing to report clients for new offenses or violations of release conditions.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

________ is an early release option under which an inmate who is deemed "low risk," due to a serious health condition is released from prison earlier than he or she might have been under normal circumstances?

A)Discretionary release
B)Prisoner reentry
C)Medical parole
D)Mandatory parole

Question 5

General conditions of probation

A)are ordered by the judge and are tailored to the needs of the individual offender.
B)are designed to reduce the cost of probation supervision.
C)apply to all probationers in a given jurisdiction.
D)relate mainly to military justice systems.

Question 6

As a probation officer,which of the following tasks will not be one of your job functions?

A)Conducting investigations to assist prosecutors
B)Supervising clients
C)Performing intake procedures
D)Conducting needs assessments and diagnoses

Question 7

Why was the case of Griffin v.Wisconsin so significant?

A)Because it extends key procedural safeguards to parolees and probationers
B)Because it addresses the relative lack of punishment resulting from community-based sanctions like parole and probation
C)Because it ensures that probationers are entitled to due process rights during revocation hearings
D)Because it considers probation to be similar to incarceration and holds that the exclusionary rule does not apply

Question 8

Mary is sentenced to probation.The conditions she must observe apply to all probationers in the jurisdiction where she was sentenced.These are known as ________ conditions.

A)specific
B)special
C)general
D)binding

Question 9

________ hearings determine whether parolees have violated the conditions of their parole

A)Judicial
B)Revocation
C)Investigatory
D)Imprisonment

Question 10

Which of the following sentences is not an example of an intermediate sanction?

A)Intensive probation
B)Shock incarceration
C)Simple probation
D)Remote location monitoring

Question 11

What is the most common form of criminal sentencing in the US today?

A)Incarceration
B)Fine
C)Parole
D)Probation

Question 12

Which of the following sentences is a prisoner reentry strategy?

A)Community service
B)Probation
C)Restitution
D)Parole

Question 13

Which of the following is not one of the most frequent violations for which parole or probation revocation occurs?

A)Failure to report as required to a parole or probation officer
B)Alcohol or drug abuse while under supervision
C)Commission of a serious crime while on parole or probation
D)Failure to participate in a stipulated treatment program

Question 14

Which of the following is an advantage of intermediate sanctions?

A)They are more directly related to the offense committed.
B)They more severely punish offenders.
C)They are socially cost-effective.
D)They more clearly stigmatize the offender.

Question 15

Nationwide,approximately what percentage of inmates successfully complete parole?

A)9%
B)23%
C)61%
D)74%

Question 16

Which of the following is considered a disadvantage of probation and parole?

A)Increased use of community services
B)Reduced risk of criminal socialization
C)Increased employment
D)Relative lack of punishment

Question 17

Probation is ordered by the

A)parole board.
B)victim.
C)investigating officer.
D)court.

Question 18

Which type of sentence requires that offenders serve time in a local jail before a period of supervised probation?

A)Shock probation
B)Split sentence
C)Shock incarceration
D)Mixed sentence

Question 19

Which of the following is most likely to be a special condition of probation,rather than a general condition?

A)The probationer must remain within the jurisdiction of the court.
B)The probationer may not possess a firearm.
C)The probationer must surrender his or her driver's license.
D)The probationer must allow the probation officer to visit at home or work.

Question 20

Parole boards make decisions regarding ________ parole.

A)discretionary
B)mandatory
C)statutory
D)restitution

Question 21

What does research suggest about SVORI programs?

A)Participation in SVORI programs is associated with longer times to arrest.
B)SVORI programs are more effective at reducing reincarceration for women offenders.
C)SVORI programs are particularly effective at reducing post-release reincarceration.
D)SVORI programs appear to be ineffectual.

Question 22

Which intermediate sanction resembles a military-style boot camp?

A)Shock incarceration
B)Shock probation
C)Shock parole
D)Intensive supervision

Question 23

What form of probation requires frequent face-to-face contacts between the probation officer and the probationer?

A)Concentrated probation
B)Intensive probation supervision
C)Directed probation
D)Shock probation

Question 24

Mandatory parole is the release of an inmate from prison based on the decision of a parole board or similar authority.

Question 25

Probation is more successful than parole at reducing the risk of criminal socialization.

Question 26

Offenders convicted of serious violent crimes are not eligible for probation.

Question 27

House arrest offers a valuable alternative to prison for

A)violent offenders.
B)white-collar criminals.
C)offenders with long criminal records.
D)offenders with special needs.

Question 28

Because federal probation officers are law enforcement officers,they have the authority to arrest.

Question 29

According to critics of parole,why are there so many parole violations?

A)Parole boards are releasing large groups of offenders.
B)Parole boards are imposing too many conditions on parolees.
C)Prisoners are not properly reintegrated into society.
D)Parole officers are not adequately supervising parolees.

Question 30

A probation officer must get a search warrant before a search of a probationer's residence is permitted.

Question 31

According to the National Institute of Corrections,________ had the largest impact on reducing recidivism.

A)treatment-oriented intensive supervision
B)cognitive-behavioral programs
C)substance abuse treatment in prison
D)vocational education in prison

Question 32

Probation is the most common form of criminal sentencing in the United States today.

Question 33

Violation of special conditions of probation can result in revocation of probation.

Question 34

Probation is a sentence imposed by the court.

Question 35

Which of the following is an example of a mixed sentence?

A)An offender is sentenced to spend 60 days in jail,followed by two years on supervised probation.
B)An offender is sentenced to 4 months in a boot-camp style prison.
C)An offender is sentenced to home confinement and must wear electronic monitoring equipment.
D)An offender is sentenced to spend weekends in jail and be supervised by a probation officer during the week.

Question 36

What is the primary purpose of probation?

A)Incapacitation
B)Deterrence
C)Retribution
D)Rehabilitation

Question 37

What was the main purpose of the 2008 Second Chance Act?

A)To create alternatives to prison for convicted offenders
B)To give judges greater discretion in sentencing nonviolent repeat offenders
C)To reduce the number of parolees being returned to prison for technical violations
D)To reduce the use of parole

Question 38

Nationwide,approximately 75% of parolees successfully complete parole.

Question 39

Parole helps support the just deserts model of sentencing.

Question 40

Who makes the release decision when an offender is sentenced to shock parole?

A)The prosecutor
B)The parole board
C)The U.S.Sentencing Commission
D)The judge

Question 41

Reentry courts oversee an offender's supervised release into the community.

Question 42

Probation and parole officers may be responsible for making sentencing recommendations to judges.

Question 43

Violation of conditions of probation may result in ________.

Question 44

GPS monitoring has been very successful and is the latest tool being adopted by almost all states to track sex offenders.

Question 45

SVORI programs have been shown to be particularly effective in reducing recidivism and reincarceration of women offenders.

Question 46

Reintegration appears to be a key element in reducing recidivism rates among inmates released on parole.

Question 47

Parole officers who view their clients as wards that must be controlled are identifying with the social work model of parole.

Question 48

Intensive probation supervision can be effective at reducing recidivism.

Question 49

Offenders on home detention are on full-time lockdown at home except to go to court or medical appointments.

Question 50

Boot camp programs do not appear to have a significant impact on offender recidivism.

Question 51

Failing to report to probation or parole officer when required is the most frequent violation for which revocation occurs.

Question 52

A mixed sentence includes elements of both probation and parole.

Question 53

Parole boards make decisions about ________ parole.

Question 54

Treatment programs in prison are more effective in reducing recidivism than treatment-oriented intensive supervision programs in the community.

Question 55

________ is a sentence served while under supervision in the community.

Question 56

GPS monitoring has been very successful and is the latest tool being adopted by almost all states to track sex offenders.

Question 57

Working as a probation or parole officer is attractive because of the small caseloads and opportunities for career mobility.

Question 58

Probationers may be permitted to contact probation officers by mail rather requiring in-person meetings.

Question 59

Parole ________ involves removing a person from parole status because of a violation of a condition of parole.

Question 60

Research suggests that electronic monitoring reduces the risk of parole revocation.

Question 61

In ________,the Supreme Court ruled that probation officers may conduct searches of a probationer's residence without either a search warrant or probable cause.

Question 62

Violations may result in incarceration.

Question 63

In ________,the Supreme Court ruled that parolees facing revocation are entitled to certain procedural safeguards.

Question 64

________ involves the responsibility of probation and parole officers to identify the services necessary for an offender to have a successful experience on probation or parole.

Question 65

Offenders must abide by mandatory conditions.

Question 66

A sentencing option that makes use of "boot camp"-type prisons to impress on convicted offenders the realities of prison life is known as ________ incarceration.

Question 67

Increases the offender's ability to make restitution to the victim

Question 68

Identify

-A prisoner reentry strategy

Question 69

The function of probation and parole work that includes conducting presentence investigations is ________.

Question 70

A(n)________ sentence generally requires an offender to serve a short period of incarceration followed by a term of supervised probation.

Question 71

The primary purpose of probation is ________.

Question 72

Identify

-A court-ordered sanction

Question 73

The form of home confinement that requires participants to remain at home during certain times of day,usually in the evening is known as ________.

Question 74

________ courts are designed to help reduce recidivism by overseeing an offender's supervised release into the community.

Question 75

Abolished at the federal level for crimes committed after Nov.1,1978

Question 76

________ refers to the number of clients assigned to a probation or parole officer for supervision.

Question 77

An offender who spends weekends in jail but is on probation in the community during the week is serving a(n)________ sentence.

Question 78

The most common form of criminal sentencing in the U.S.today

Question 79

________ sanctions fall between probation and incarceration.

Question 80

The goal of offender reentry program is to show ________ from crime,or the cessation of offending.