Deck 14: Organic Chemicals and Polymers

Question 1

The small molecules used to synthesize polymers are called

A) macromolecules
B) monomers
C) elastomers
D) peptides

Answer 1

monomers

Question 2

Which does not contain a nitrogen atom in its structure?

A) amine
B) nylon
C) polyester
D) amide

Answer 2

polyester

Question 3

The product of the reaction between a carboxylic acid and an alcohol is

A) ester
B) ketone
C) aldehyde
D) none of these

Answer 3

ester

Question 4

Which is not a use of polyester polymer?

A) textile fibers
B) substitute tubing for human blood vessels
C) Mylar film
D) bulletproof windows in space helmets

Question 5

The oxidation of primary alcohols produces

A) carboxylic acids
B) amines
C) ketones
D) esters

Question 6

The maximum alcohol concentration in the preparation of ethanol by fermentation of grapes or other fruit is

A) 50-60%
B) l2%
C) l00%
D) 95%

Question 7

Which is not an addition polymer?

A) Dacron
B) Teflon
C) polyethylene
D) Styrofoam

Question 8

Which carboxylic acid is the substance responsible for the sting of an ant bite?

A) butyric
B) propionic
C) acetic
D) formic

Question 9

Rubbing alcohol is

A) methanol, CH₃OH
B) 2-propanol, CH₃CHOHCH₃
C) ethanol, CH₃CH₂OH
D) l-propanol, CH₃CH₂CH₂OH

Question 10

What is the percent of ethanol in rum that is 140 proof?

A) 35%
B) 70%
C) 280%
D) 75%

Question 11

An organic compound with an OH functional group is a (n)

A) aldehyde
B) ketone
C) ether
D) alcohol

Question 12

Which type of polyethylene has the greatest amount of branched chains?

A) LDPE
B) HDPE
C) CLPE
D) none have any branches

Question 13

Which characteristic functional group is present in almost all of the monomers that participate in addition polymerization?

A) OH
B) CHO
C) C::C
D) C-Cl

Question 14

Which functional group contains a nitrogen atom?

A) ketone
B) ester
C) amine
D) carboxylic acid

Question 15

Which of the following does not contain oxygen?

A) alkanes
B) alcohols
C) ketones
D) esters

Question 16

The odor in many fruits is due to the presence of

A) amines
B) esters
C) carboxylic acids
D) alcohols

Question 17

Which polymer is made from the monomer, poly-cis-isoprene?

A) vulcanized rubber
B) polybutadiene rubber
C) natural rubber
D) neoprene rubber

Question 18

Ethylene glycol, a dialcohol, is the main ingredient in

A) tobacco humectants
B) antifreeze
C) denaturated alcohol
D) gasohol

Question 19

Vulcanized rubber which was first produced by Goodyear in 1839

A) is poly-trans-isoprene
B) contains short chains of sulfur atoms as crosslinks between polymers
C) has chlorine atoms substituted for hydrogen atoms
D) is a copolymer

Question 20

An addition polymer that finds use in fibers for rugs and fabrics is

A) polypropylene
B) PVC
C) nylon
D) polyacrylonitrile

Question 21

Which is a polyamide?

A) Kevlar
B) Mylar
C) Nylon
D) Lexan

Question 22

Which is not a factor in the degree of chain branching in polyethylene?

A) reaction temperature
B) reaction pressure
C) catalysis
D) source of ethylene

Question 23

What is the role of an organic peroxide in the polymerization of ethylene?

A) the peroxide is a copolymer
B) the peroxide forms free radicals that initiate attack of double bonds
C) the peroxide destroys free radicals which would stop the reaction
D) the peroxide moderates the speed of the reaction, allowing for a more orderly process

Question 24

What two monomers have been copolymerized to make an excellent synthetic rubber?

A) styrene and ethylene
B) styrene and butadiene
C) ethylene and butadiene
D) ethylene and vinyl chloride

Question 25

Which is the most commonly recycled plastic?

A) HDPE
B) PET
C) PS
D) LDPE

Question 26

In a condensation polymerization process, what happens to form the polymer chain?

A) small molecules such as water are split out and monomers are linked
B) small molecules such as water are required for the bonding link
C) small molecules may be split out or required depending on whether an ester or an ether linkage is formed
D) small molecules such as water are moved from one position to another

Question 27

Alcohol consumption produces blood levels that are linked to definite physiological effects.Which of the following is the correct pair for number of drinks and alcohol blood level? Some states define "intoxicated" as 0.10%

A) 5 to 10 drinks; 0.05-0.15% alcohol by volume
B) 5 to 10 drinks; 0.15-0.20% alcohol by volume
C) 5 to 10 drinks; 0.30-0.40% alcohol by volume
D) over 5 drinks; 0.50% alcohol by volume

Question 28

Most reinforced plastics are polymers containing

A) steel wire
B) aluminum wires
C) mylar film
D) glass fibers

Question 29

Which polymer material occurs naturally?

A) nylon
B) dacron
C) polycarbonates
D) latex rubber

Question 30

What element is used to form cross links between polymer chains in Vulcanized rubber?

A) sulfur
B) silicon
C) carbon
D) oxygen

Question 31

Polymerization is a(n)

A) formation of large molecules out of little ones
B) formation of small molecules out of large ones
C) analysis of the chemical content of polymers
D) effective means of producing molecules of intermediate size, but not very large ones

Question 32

Which of the following monomers contain a benzene ring (phenyl group) in the molecular structure?

A) ethylene
B) styrene
C) vinyl chloride
D) acrylonitrile

Question 33

In the nylon structure, the polymeric chains are held together in a side-by-side fashion by

A) sulfide bonds
B) oxygen bridges
C) hydrogen bonding
D) carbon-carbon single bonds

Question 34

Orlon has the polymeric chain structure shown: Which is the monomer structure?

A)

B)

C)

D)

Question 35

Which of the following commercial materials is not a condensation polymer?

A) Teflon
B) Dacron
C) Mylar
D) nylon

Question 36

How many double bonds per molecule are contained in the isoprene molecule?

A) 0
B) 1
C) 2
D) 4

Question 37

A polycarbonate (Lexan or Merlon) is a plastic that is noted for its use in

A) plumbing pipes
B) bullet-proof "glass"
C) clothing fabrics
D) automobile paints

Question 38

The discovery of Nylon is l935 was made by this DuPont employee

A) W.Carothers
B) S.Kwolek
C) L.Baekeland
D) C.Goodyear

Question 39

Substances that do not undergo a permanent change when stretched are called

A) monomers
B) elastomers
C) polymers
D) plastics

Question 40

Which is not true of poly-cis-isoprene?

A) it stretches easily
B) the methyl groups are on the same side of the molecular chain
C) it occurs naturally
D) it is also known as gutta-percha

Question 41

The odor of decaying flesh is due to the presence of

A) amines
B) esters
C) carboxylic acids
D) alcohols

Question 42

Identify the correct pair?

A) CH₃CH₂CH₃, alkene
B) CH₃OCH₃, ether
C) CH₃CH₂NH₂, amide
D) CH₃COOH, aldehyde

Question 43

Which of the following is an incorrect pairing?

A) CH₂::CHCH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃, alkene
B) CH₃OCH₃, amine
C) CH₃CH₂OH, alcohol
D) (CH₃)₂CO, ketone

Question 44

Which of the following molecules have been found in outer space?

A) CH₃CH₂CN
B) CH₃OH
C) CH₃CH₂OH
D) all of these

Question 45

Identify the addition polymer used in sewer pipes?

A) polypropylene
B) PVC
C) nylon
D) polyacrylonitrile

Question 46

Which of the following contains a carbonyl group?

A) alkanes
B) alcohols
C) ketones
D) ethers

Question 47

An organic compound with an NH functional group is a (n)

A) amine
B) ketone
C) ether
D) alcohol

Question 48

What is the monomer in teflon?

A) CF:::CF, difluoroacetylene
B) CH₂::CH₂, ethylene
C) CF₂::CF₂, tetrafluoroethylene
D) CF₃CF₃, hexafluoroethane

Question 49

Which carboxylic acid is known as vinegar?

A) butyric
B) propionic
C) acetic
D) formic

Question 50

The oxidation of secondary alcohols produces

A) carboxylic acids
B) amines
C) ketones
D) esters