Deck 5: Chemical Bonding and States of Matter

Question 1

How many nonbonding electrons are in the water molecule?

A) 0
B) 2
C) 4
D) 6

Answer 1

4

Question 2

Which statement is true about atom-ion sizes?

A) positive ions are smaller than the atoms from which they are made
B) negative ions are the same size as the atom from which they are made
C) positive ions larger than the atoms from which they are made
D) negative ions are smaller than the atoms from which they are made

Answer 2

positive ions are smaller than the atoms from which they are made

Question 3

Which one of the following shows the possible ions for iron?

A) Fe²⁺ and Fe⁴⁺
B) Fe¹⁺ and Fe²⁺
C) Fe²⁺ and Fe³⁺
D) Fe³⁺ and Fe¹⁺

Answer 3

Fe²⁺ and Fe³⁺

Question 4

A binary ionic compound consists of a

A) metal and nonmetal
B) metal and metal
C) nonmetal and nonmetal
D) all these possibilities

Question 5

An ion contains 16 protons, 16 neutrons, and 18 electrons.Its charge is

A) 0
B) +2
C) -2
D) -18

Question 6

Of the following, which is the strongest bond?

A) C:C, single bond
B) C::C, double bond
C) C:::C, triple bond
D) all are of equal strength

Question 7

How many valence (bonding) electrons does the phosphorus atom have?

A) 7
B) 5
C) 15
D) 31

Question 8

Which of the following would be used to recognize an unsaturated hydrocarbon in its structural formula?

A) presence of a lone pair of electrons
B) multiple covalent bond
C) presence of carbon and hydrogen
D) fits the general formula C_nH_2n+2

Question 9

Which is not true about the ionic compound sodium chloride (NaCl)?

A) it is electrically neutral
B) it was formed when electrons were shared
C) it has properties different from the atoms from which it is formed
D) it is a white crystalline solid

Question 10

The shape of CH₄ and CCl₄ are best described as

A) tetrahedral
B) pyramidal
C) hexagonal
D) octahedral

Question 11

Magnesium nitride is made up of magnesium ions and nitride ions.What is the expected formula of magnesium nitride?

A) MgN
B) Mg₂N₃
C) MgN₂
D) Mg₃N₂

Question 12

Washing soda, soda ash, and baking soda all contain the grouping:

A) OH^-
B) CO₃^-2
C) PO₄^3-
D) NO₃-

Question 13

Which substance has ionic bonds between atoms?

A) Na₂O
B) NCl₃
C) H₂S
D) CO₂

Question 14

Which of the following substances has polar covalent bonds?

A) CaF₂
B) KBr
C) NH₃
D) CH₄

Question 15

What ion is likely to be formed by magnesium (Mg) in chemical reactions?

A) Mg¹⁺
B) Mg²⁺
C) Mg^1-
D) Mg^2-

Question 16

Which is not a property of ionic compounds?

A) many are liquids at room temperature
B) high melting point
C) crystalline solid
D) melted ionic materials are conductors of electricity

Question 17

The compound between calcium and chlorine is calcium chloride and has the formula

A) Cl₂Ca₃
B) Ca₂Cl
C) CaCl₂
D) ClCa₂

Question 18

Which is expected to form a negative ion?

A) K
B) Ne
C) Na
D) F

Question 19

Which pair of atoms is most likely to be covalently bonded?

A) Na and O
B) K and F
C) Ne and O
D) C and S

Question 20

If you take three balloons, blow them up and assemble them together, the shape you are most likely to observe is

A) linear
B) tetrahedral
C) pyramidal
D) planar (triangular)

Question 21

When an ionic solid such as NaCl dissolves in water,

A) the Na⁺ and Cl^- are changed to atoms
B) the Na⁺ ions gather on one side of the container and the Cl^- ions gather on the other side of the container
C) Na⁺ and Cl^- ions are evenly dispersed
D) the beaker containing the solution becomes charged

Question 22

The relation between gas pressure and volume was discovered by

A) Robert Boyle
B) G.N.Lewis
C) Marie Curie
D) Rutherford

Question 23

Which substance is most likely to have covalent bonds between atoms?

A) AlCl₃
B) KBr
C) MgF₂
D) PCl₃

Question 24

A neutral atom can be converted to a negative ion if it

A) gains electrons
B) loses electrons
C) gains protons
D) loses protons

Question 25

A new element has the symbol Y and seven valence electrons.What is the maximum number of hydrogen atoms that can bond to Y?

A) 1
B) 4
C) 3
D) 7

Question 26

Which of the following pairs of atoms share electrons equally?

A) Cl and H
B) Mg and Cl
C) C and C
D) S and F

Question 27

Liquids have a

A) fixed volume and no definite shape
B) fixed shape and no volume
C) no definite shape and no volume
D) fixed shape and fixed volume

Question 28

An atom has an electronic arrangement of 2-8-8-2.This atom is most likely to

A) form a +2 ion
B) bond covalently to nonmetals
C) form a -2 ion
D) bond covalently to metals

Question 29

The dispersal of odors is partially due to a property of gases known as

A) diffusion
B) miscibility
C) expansion
D) volatility

Question 30

Particles in the ____ state are in direct contact but are free to move.

A) gas
B) solid
C) liquid
D) plasma

Question 31

What particles make up the crystal in a grain of table salt (sodium chloride)?

A) atoms of sodium and chlorine
B) molecules of sodium and chlorine
C) sodium ions and chloride ions
D) molecules of sodium chloride

Question 32

Gases

A) exert a pressure
B) are compressible
C) are miscible, they mix with other gases in any proportion
D) all of these

Question 33

Which of the following molecules has a double bond?

A) CH₂CH₂
B) NH₃
C) CH₃CH₃
D) H₂O

Question 34

When enough gas molecules stick together to form small droplets of liquid, the process is called

A) sublimation
B) condensation
C) deposition
D) compression

Question 35

Which of the following pairs of atoms form the most polar bond?

A) C and C
B) C and F
C) C and H
D) C and O

Question 36

There are electrons in the covalent bond between C and O in CO.

A) 2
B) 4
C) 6
D) 8

Question 37

Which of the following has bond a angle of 180 degrees between atoms?

A) CH₄
B) SO₃
C) H2O
D) CO₂

Question 38

Most substances that have molecules with approximately the same weight as water molecules are gases at room temperature.Water is a liquid at room temperature because of

A) extensive hydrogen bonding between water molecules
B) ionic bonding between hydrogen ions and oxide ions
C) covalent bonding between hydrogen atoms and oxygen atoms
D) the lack of motion of water molecules

Question 39

How do aqueous electrolytes conduct electricity?

A) dissolved positive ions move to positive electrodes
B) electrons migrate from one electrode to the other electrode
C) ions pass electrons from ion to ion
D) dissolved ions move to oppositely charged electrodes

Question 40

Sublimation is the process where a

A) solid changes into a gas
B) solid changes into a liquid
C) liquid changes into a gas
D) liquid changes into a solid

Question 41

Which statement is true about a glass of iced tea flavored with sugar and lemon juice?

A) sugar is a solute
B) water is a solvent
C) lemon juice is a solute
D) all of these are true

Question 42

Which of the following is an ionic compound?

A) CO₂
B) NH₃
C) CaO
D) C₃H₈

Question 43

The cooling effect that occurs when water evaporates from moist skin is a consequence of this property of water

A) heat capacity
B) surface tension
C) heat of vaporization
D) vapor pressure

Question 44

The normal boiling point of a liquid is

A) high for volatile liquids
B) high for nonvolatile liquids
C) low for nonvolatile liquids
D) the same for all liquids, that is what normal means

Question 45

Which of the states of matter has particles in fixed positions and touching one another?

A) solid
B) liquid
C) plasma
D) gas

Question 46

When a spoonful of sugar is added to a glass of iced tea, it quickly dissolves.If no solid settles to the bottom, the resulting solution is

A) saturated
B) unsaturated
C) ionic
D) normal

Question 47

How many nonbonding electrons are found on the central atom of sulfur dioxide?

A) 0
B) 2
C) 4
D) 6

Question 48

What is name of the following compound NH₄NO₃?

A) ammonia nitrite
B) ammonium nitrite
C) nitrogen hydride nitrite
D) ammonium nitrate

Question 49

What is the expected formula for a reaction between aluminum and oxygen?

A) AlO
B) Al₂O₃
C) AlO₂
D) Al₃O₂

Question 50

Surface tension of water is illustrated by this phenomenon

A) moderating influence of lakes and oceans on climate
B) cooling effect that occurs when water evaporates from moist skin
C) beading of water droplets on the clean surface of a car's hood and roof
D) expansion of water when it freezes

Question 51

Which molecule would be expected to exhibit the least hydrogen bonding?

A) H-F
B) H-O-H
C) NH₃
D) CH₄

Question 52

What is the maximum number of hydrogen bonds that one water molecule can form to its neighbors in an ice crystal?

A) 0
B) 2
C) 4
D) infinite number

Question 53

Which element can form a cation?

A) K
B) Ne
C) O
D) F

Question 54

The normal boiling point of water is

A) what you measure in a laboratory
B) independent of atmospheric pressure
C) the one measured at 760 mm pressure (1 atm)
D) 273 K

Question 55

Which of the following matches the meaning of the term condensation in terms of changes in states of matter?

A) solid $\rightarrow$ liquid
B) liquid $\rightarrow$ gas
C) gas $\rightarrow$ liquid
D) liquid $\rightarrow$ solid

Question 56

Which factor causes more gas to dissolve in a liquid?

A) size of the container opening
B) nature of the container (that is, glass versus metal)
C) increasing the pressure
D) increasing the temperature

Question 57

Which is not a physical property of water?

A) solid is less dense than liquid at normal freezing point
B) relatively high heat capacity per unit of weight
C) relatively low heat of vaporization
D) relatively large surface tension

Question 58

Which is not characteristic of liquids?

A) freezing point
B) crystallization
C) boiling point
D) all of these are characteristic of liquids

Question 59

Which of the following molecules has only single bonds?

A) CH₂CH₂
B) CH₃CH₃
C) CO₂
D) CHCH

Question 60

Which element has the highest electronegativity?

A) H
B) O
C) N
D) C

Question 61

What is the charge on an ion with 7 protons, 7 neutrons, and 10 electrons?

A) 0
B) +3
C) -3
D) -7

Question 62

How many resonance structures can be drawn for a nitrate ion?

A) 0
B) 1
C) 2
D) 3

Question 63

What is the solvent in a solution of sodium chloride?

A) sodium chloride
B) sodium
C) oxygen
D) water

Question 64

What is the molecular geometry of carbon tetrachloride?

A) tetrahedral
B) trigonal pyramidal
C) bent
D) trigonal planar

Question 65

Which of the following molecules has a triple bond?

A) CO₂
B) NH₃
C) Cl₂
D) N₂

Question 66

What is the electron pair geometry for silicon dioxide?

A) linear
B) bent
C) trigonal pyramidal
D) tetrahedral

Question 67

Which atom exists as a diatomic molecule in nature?

A) carbon
B) bromine
C) sulfur
D) phosphorous

Question 68

Which is a nonpolar molecule with a polar covalent bond?

A) HCl
B) NH₃
C) H₂O
D) CO₂

Question 69

Identify the saturated hydrocarbon?

A) C₃H₈
B) C₄H₈
C) C₂H₄
D) C₆H₆

Question 70

How much heat is required to melt 1 kg of water (heat of melting = 80 cal/g)

A) -80 cal
B) +80 cal
C) -80000 cal
D) +80000 cal