Question 1

An endeavor to provide an &#34;ample margin of safety&#34; to protect the public is an example of a&#10;A) technology-based law&#10;B) balancing law&#10;C) risk management&#10;D) risk-based laws

Accepted Answer

technology-based law

Question 2

Which technology described in this chapter required the most time from idea to use?&#10;A) photography&#10;B) nylon&#10;C) roll-on deodorant&#10;D) x-rays in medicine

Accepted Answer

X-rays in medicine required the most time from idea to use because it took over 10 years from the time Wilhelm Roentgen discovered X-rays in 1895 until they were widely used in medicine.

Question 3

Refrigeration has been used since the late 1800s and early refrigerants were&#10;A) safe&#10;B) flammable and toxic&#10;C) inert&#10;D) fluorine compounds, CFCs

Accepted Answer

Early refrigerants were primarily made up of substances like ammonia, sulfur dioxide, and methyl chloride, which were all flammable and toxic. While some safer alternatives were developed over time, like CFCs, they were found to have damaging effects on the environment and were phased out in many countries.

Question 4

Chemistry is often defined as the study of&#10;A) matter and the changes it can undergo&#10;B) naturally occurring matter&#10;C) fundamental particles in research labs&#10;D) synthetically produced matter

Accepted Answer

Chemistry is the study of matter and the changes it can undergo. This includes the study of naturally occurring matter as well as synthetic materials. It also involves the analysis of fundamental particles and their behaviors in research labs. However, the study of matter and its transformations is the core focus of chemistry.

Question 5

Which of the following explorations could be enhanced by our knowledge of DNA?&#10;A) development of drug to cure cancer&#10;B) use of genetically modified food to produce edible vaccines&#10;C) determine if a convicted felon is actually innocent&#10;D) all of these

Accepted Answer

Knowledge of DNA can enhance all these explorations. In option A), understanding the DNA mutations and specific genetic defects can help in developing drugs to cure cancer. In option B), DNA technology can be used to produce genetically modified crops which can produce edible vaccines. In option C), DNA testing can be used to prove the innocence of a convicted felon or identify the real culprit.

Question 6

Which is considered a fossil fuel?&#10;A) coal&#10;B) solar&#10;C) wind&#10;D) hydrothermal

Accepted Answer

Coal is a fossil fuel because it is formed from ancient organic matter such as plants and animals that have been buried and converted through heat and pressure over millions of years. Solar, wind, and hydrothermal energy are renewable energy sources that are not considered fossil fuels.

Question 7

A scientist is trying to make a new insecticide that will be more toxic to flies, but less toxic to humans than insecticides now available.The scientist is engaged in&#10;A) basic research&#10;B) applied research&#10;C) technology&#10;D) serendipity

Accepted Answer

The scientist is conducting applied research, which is focused on developing a practical application such as a new insecticide. Basic research would be more focused on understanding the fundamental principles of insecticides and their effects, while technology refers more to the practical tools and techniques used in research. Serendipity refers to discovering something unexpected or by chance, which is not the case in this scenario.

Question 8

The smallest concentration listed below is&#10;A) parts per million&#10;B) parts per trillion&#10;C) parts per billion&#10;D) parts per thousand

Accepted Answer

Parts per trillion (ppt) represents a smaller concentration than parts per million (ppm), parts per billion (ppb), or parts per thousand. It indicates one part in a trillion parts.

Question 9

What is chemophobia?&#10;A) fear of chemistry courses&#10;B) fear of global warming&#10;C) fear of chemicals&#10;D) fear of radiation

Accepted Answer

Chemophobia is defined as an irrational fear or aversion towards chemicals or anything related to chemistry. It often stems from a lack of understanding or misinformation about the safety and benefits of chemicals in everyday life.

Question 10

Which is considered a physical science?&#10;A) physics&#10;B) biology&#10;C) zoology&#10;D) botany

Accepted Answer

Physics is the only option listed that falls under the category of physical sciences, which deals with the study of non-living systems and natural phenomena such as mechanics, energy, and matter. Biology, zoology, and botany all fall under the category of life sciences, which focus on the study of living organisms.

Question 11

What is the approximate population of the world?&#10;A) 6,000,000 people&#10;B) about 3 billion people&#10;C) over 6,000,000,000 people&#10;D) 2,000,000 people

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the approximate population of the...

Question 12

Which activity comes first in the scientific method?&#10;A) conclusion&#10;B) hypothesis&#10;C) experimentation&#10;D) observation

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which activity comes first in the scientific...

Question 13

Which of the following are linked to the release of CFCs?&#10;A) &#34;ozone holes&#34; in the stratosphere&#10;B) increased air pollution&#10;C) drinking water pollution&#10;D) increased food spoilage

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following are linked to...

Question 14

The map of the complete human DNA sequence was&#10;A) completed in 1990&#10;B) done exclusively in not-for-profit research labs&#10;C) completed exclusively in for-profit research labs&#10;D) completed in 2003

Accepted Answer

The answer of The map of the complete human DNA...

Question 15

The discovery of teflon was&#10;A) an example of planned research&#10;B) accidental&#10;C) eventually damaging to the ozone layer&#10;D) deemed useless by the discoverer's company

Accepted Answer

The answer of The discovery of teflon was&#10;A) an example...

Question 16

Science oriented toward an immediate, practical goal is called&#10;A) basic research&#10;B) applied research&#10;C) natural science&#10;D) social science

Accepted Answer

The answer of Science oriented toward an immediate, practical goal...

Question 17

Science that has no immediate, practical goal is called&#10;A) natural research&#10;B) applied research&#10;C) basic science&#10;D) social science

Accepted Answer

The answer of Science that has no immediate, practical goal...

Deck 1: Living in a World of Chemistry