Deck 13: Drugs for the Urinary System and Fluid Balance

Question 1

Define these terms that describe symptoms of urinary tract disorders.
Retention _________________________________________________________________

Answer 1

The symptoms of urinary tract disorders are changes in the act of urinating. The retention is defined as an inability to completely empty the bladder. The volume of urine that remains in the bladder even after voiding is known as residual volume.
The volume of this remaining urine is 100 mL or more than that. The symptoms of urinary retention includes difficulty in urination, weak dribble or stream of urine, loss of small amounts of urine during the daytime and increased pressure on the abdomen.
The urinary retention can be of two types: obstructive and non-obstructive. In case of any obstruction like kidney stones, the flow of urine is not free through the urinary tract. Some of the most common causes of non-obstructive urinary retention includes stroke and vaginal childbirth.

Question 2

Complete the following statements by filling in the blanks.
A full bladder creates the urge to _____________________________________________

Answer 2

Urinate, or void

Question 3

Match the drug names to the drug categories.
Ammonium chloride, sodium biphosphate
a. alkalizers
b. acidifiers
c. thiazide diuretics
d. replacement electrolytes
e. potassium-sparing diuretics
f. replacement fluids
g. loop diuretics
h. urinary antiseptics

Answer 3

b

Question 4

Critical Thinking
From the list below, choose the disorder that best matches each description. Write the name of the disorder in the blank

Ms. Yamamoto has a severe bladder infection with painful, frequent urination. To keep the bladder empty, a urinary catheter has been inserted. The doctor has ordered regular bladder irrigation and an anti-infective to be administered into the catheter.
___________________________________________________________________________________

Question 5

Identify descriptions of the main disorders that affect the urinary system.

Question 6

Complete the following statements by filling in the blanks.
In 24 hours, the kidneys normally produce about ____________________ mL of urine.

Question 7

Question 8

Critical Thinking
From the list below, choose the disorder that best matches each description. Write the name of the disorder in the blank

Mr. Wincenz has a severe kidney infection that is damaging to the nephrons. Antibiotics are being administered with caution to avoid further damage that could lead to kidney failure.
___________________________________________________________________________________

Question 9

Define these terms that describe symptoms of urinary tract disorders.
Dysuria __________________________________________________________________

Question 10

Complete the following statements by filling in the blanks.
About _____________________________________________ mL of urine is passed during normal urination.

Question 11

Drug Calculations
The physician orders ampicillin ( Principen ) 1 g orally every 4 hours. Available are 500-mg capsules. You will administer _________ capsules to your patient.

Question 12

Critical Thinking
From the list below, choose the disorder that best matches each description. Write the name of the disorder in the blank

After several days on diuretics, a heart patient develops fatigue and muscle weakness. Dr. Bland then orders potassium chloride.
___________________________________________________________________________________

Question 13

Describe the actions and give examples of the following drug groups: urinary antiseptics, diuretics, and replacement electrolytes and fluids.

Question 14

Complete the following statements by filling in the blanks.
When a patient is on thiazide diuretics, there is a danger of excreting too much _____________________ , which could cause hypokalemia.

Question 15

Drug Calculations
The physician orders phenazopyridine ( Pyridium ) 200 mg orally tid. Available are 100-mg tablets. You will give _________ tablets to your patient.

Question 16

Obtain a current copy of a drug reference book or the PDR . Use it to answer the questions that follow in a notebook or on file cards.
Use the PDR to locate another product name for each of the urinary antibacterials listed in the Representative Drugs for the Urinary System and Fluid Imbalances table in this chapter.

Question 17

Define these terms that describe symptoms of urinary tract disorders.
Anuria ___________________________________________________________________

Question 18

Complete the following statements by filling in the blanks.
A lack of potassium can be corrected by giving foods such as _____________________

Question 19

Drug Calculations
The physician orders ciprofloxacin ( Cipro ) 250 mg orally bid. Available are 500-mg tablets. Prepare to administer _________ tablets to your patient..

Question 20

Obtain a current copy of a drug reference book or the PDR . Use it to answer the questions that follow in a notebook or on file cards.
In Section 3 of the PDR , Product Category Index, find the Diuretics. Make a list of the loop diuretics listed there.

Question 21

Describe the patient care and education that goes with giving diuretics.

Question 22

Complete the following statements by filling in the blanks.
A catheter that is designed to stay in place over a long period of time is called a(n) _________ catheter.

Question 23

Drug Calculations
The physician orders hydrochlorothiazide ( Hydrodiuril ) 150 mg orally daily. Available are 100-mg tablets. You will give _________ tablets to your patient.

Question 24

Match the medical terms to their definitions.
Mechanical filtering of blood
a. cystoscope
b. dialysis
c. nephritis
d. catheter

Question 25

Answer the following questions in the spaces provided.
List the three functions of the urinary system.
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________

Question 26

Drug Calculations
The physician orders potassium gluconate and potassium citrate ( Twin-K ) 15 mEq orally tid. Available is 20 mEq/15 mL oral solution. Prepare to give your patient _________ mL.

Question 27

Describe the purposes of a urinary catheter.

Question 28

Answer the following questions in the spaces provided.
What are electrolytes Name at least four electrolyte ions. _________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________

Question 29

Circle the correct letter
Which of the following should you include in the patient instructions for preventing urinary tract infections

A) Females should wipe from back to front when going to the bathroom.
B) Wear synthetic undergarments.
C) Drink 3 to 4 glasses of water per day.
D) Avoid bath salts, oils, and vaginal sprays.

Question 30

Match the medical terms to their definitions.
Instrument for looking into the urinary tract
a. cystoscope
b. dialysis
c. nephritis
d. catheter

Question 31

Answer the following questions in the spaces provided.
Discuss the procedure for administering a medication through an indwelling catheter. __________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________

Question 32

Circle the correct letter
C) Hydrochlorothiazide ( Hydrodiuril )
D) Nitrofurantoin ( Macrodantin )

Question 33

Describe three functions of the urinary system.

Question 34

Describe the causes of dehydration and the treatment in the pediatric patient.

Question 35

Answer the following questions in the spaces provided.
List the types of fluids you would record on an input and output record.
Input: ____________________________________________________________________________
Output: ___________________________________________________________________________

Question 36

Circle the correct letter
You should monitor a patient taking cefadroxil ( Duricef ) for which side effects

A) Rash, itching, dyspnea
B) Weakness, dizziness, hypotension
C) Headache, orange discoloration of urine
D) Nausea, diarrhea, dyspepsia

Question 37

Define these terms that describe symptoms of urinary tract disorders.
Hematuria ________________________________________________________________

Question 38

Match the medical terms to their definitions.
Tube for bladder irrigation and medication
a. cystoscope
b. dialysis
c. nephritis
d. catheter

Question 39

Match the drug names to the drug categories.
Spironolactone, Dyrenium
a. alkalizers
b. acidifiers
c. thiazide diuretics
d. replacement electrolytes
e. potassium-sparing diuretics
f. replacement fluids
g. loop diuretics
h. urinary antiseptics

Question 40

Circle the correct letter
Which of the following pediatric instructions should you give a child's parent for the management of dehydration

A) Offer a clear-liquid diet including fruit juices and gelatin.
B) Avoid beverages containing caffeine.
C) Encourage chicken and beef broth.
D) Avoid solutions such as Pedialyte.

Question 41

Identify the parts of the urinary system and tell what they do.

Question 42

Illustrate administering medications through an indwelling catheter.

Question 43

Match the drug names to the drug categories.
Lasix, Edecrin
a. alkalizers
b. acidifiers
c. thiazide diuretics
d. replacement electrolytes
e. potassium-sparing diuretics
f. replacement fluids
g. loop diuretics
h. urinary antiseptics

Question 44

Circle the correct letter
C) Triamterene ( Dyrenium )
D) Chlorthalidone ( Hygroton )

Question 45

Define these terms that describe symptoms of urinary tract disorders.
Pyuria ___________________________________________________________________

Question 46

Match the medical terms to their definitions.
Inflammation of the kidney
a. cystoscope
b. dialysis
c. nephritis
d. catheter

Question 47

Match the drug names to the drug categories.
Diuril, Hydrodiuril, Esidrix
a. alkalizers
b. acidifiers
c. thiazide diuretics
d. replacement electrolytes
e. potassium-sparing diuretics
f. replacement fluids
g. loop diuretics
h. urinary antiseptics

Question 48

Case Studies
A patient is taking hydrochlorothiazide ( Hydrodiuril ) for hypertension and has a potassium level of 3 mEq/L and a sodium level of 129 mEq/L. What do these levels reflect What is the cause of this What type of diuretic is Hydrodiuril, and how does it act What are some foods that increase the potassium level
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________

Question 49

Describe how abnormal alteration in the urine gives an indication to disorders in the urinary system.

Question 50

Solve calculations for drugs used to treat the urinary system and fluid imbalances.

Question 51

Match the drug names to the drug categories.
Potassium, calcium, sodium, Slow-K
a. alkalizers
b. acidifiers
c. thiazide diuretics
d. replacement electrolytes
e. potassium-sparing diuretics
f. replacement fluids
g. loop diuretics
h. urinary antiseptics

Question 52

Case Studies
You are caring for an older adult taking furosemide ( Lasix ). What kind of drug is Lasix The patient has congestive heart failure and is edematous. What is the most likely reason that the patient is taking Lasix Are there any special indications for giving this drug to an older adult
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________

Question 53

Define these terms that describe symptoms of urinary tract disorders.
Incontinence ______________________________________________________________

Question 54

Complete the following statements by filling in the blanks.
The tubes that connect the kidneys to the bladder are the ________________________

Question 55

Match the drug names to the drug categories.
Furadantin , methenamine, Gantrisin, Septra
a. alkalizers
b. acidifiers
c. thiazide diuretics
d. replacement electrolytes
e. potassium-sparing diuretics
f. replacement fluids
g. loop diuretics
h. urinary antiseptics

Question 56

Critical Thinking
From the list below, choose the disorder that best matches each description. Write the name of the disorder in the blank

Fred Byers must be put on dialysis to eliminate toxic waste products from his bloodstream.
___________________________________________________________________________________

Question 57

Identify the correct medical terms for symptoms of urinary system disorders and fluid imbalances.

Question 58

Complete the following statements by filling in the blanks.
Urine passes out of the body by way of the ____________________________________

Question 59

Match the drug names to the drug categories.
Sodium bicarbonate
a. alkalizers
b. acidifiers
c. thiazide diuretics
d. replacement electrolytes
e. potassium-sparing diuretics
f. replacement fluids
g. loop diuretics
h. urinary antiseptics

Question 60

Critical Thinking
From the list below, choose the disorder that best matches each description. Write the name of the disorder in the blank

Mr. Bernardi has had painful abdominal spasms for a day due to an obstruction in the ureter. Now the obstructing material has passed into the bladder. His physician will insert an instrument into the bladder to crush and flush out the material.
___________________________________________________________________________________