Deck 4: The World of Words

Question 1

Gerda is really upset and she feels like throwing a temper tantrum, even though she's twenty years old. Disregarding the social inappropriateness of her behavior, Gerda beats a door and then kicks it while in a public area. In this instance, Gerda's behavior was motivated by which aspect of herself?

A) Me
B) I
C) symbolic self
D) true self
E) affective self

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Devin is surprised when his friend burps and belches after their dinner together. Devin says, "Burping and Belching is so rude." Devin's perception of his friend's behavior is based on a(n) ____ rule.

A) intuitive
B) constitutive
C) comparative
D) regulative
E) constructive

Answer 2

B

Question 3

"One day, I won't have to worry about being single. One day, I'll be married." These statements illustrate how symbols allow for:

A) arbitrary thought.
B) loaded language.
C) hypothetical thought.
D) symbolic organization.
E) symbolic evaluation.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a constitutive rule of communication?

A) not turning off a cell phone before class starts is rude
B) using ALL CAPS in e-mails comes across as "shouting"
C) business email must be answered within 24 hours
D) speaking on a cell phone during a movie is inconsiderate
E) wearing a suit is essential to demonstrating professionalism

Question 5

These rules specify how to interpret different kinds of communication. We learn what counts as respect (paying attention), friendliness (smiles or smiley emoticons in online communication), affection (kisses, hugs), and professionalism (punctuality, competence).

A) intuitive
B) constitutive
C) comparative
D) regulative
E) constructive

Question 6

The French word "rue" and the American word "road" mean the same thing in their respective cultures. These different symbols used for the same thing remind us that language is:

A) abstract.
B) ambiguous.
C) arbitrary.
D) inherent.
E) objective.

Question 7

The theory of linguistic determinism states.

A) language determines who we associate with
B) language determines what we can perceive and think
C) we are predestined to speak a certain language
D) the rules of language are clearly defined across situations
E) linguists are the only ones who can develop language

Question 8

An example of these rules is when we understand that we can wear jeans and T-shirts to class, but that different clothes are generally appropriate in our workplaces.

A) intuitive
B) constitutive
C) comparative
D) regulative
E) constructive

Question 9

A cornerstone of effective interpersonal communication skills is.

A) ensuring that what we say is clearly heard by the listener
B) respecting what others say about what they feel and think
C) making certain to abide by the rules of all speech communities
D) assuming an understanding of how others feel and think
E) clearly telling others when their feelings are unacceptable or inappropriate

Question 10

These rules specify when, how, where, and with whom to talk about certain things.

A) intuitive
B) constitutive
C) comparative
D) regulative
E) constructive

Question 11

Which is the most abstract term in the following examples?

A) Interpersonal Communication: Everyday Encounters
B) textbook
C) reading matter
D) literature
E) book

Question 12

"When you said my idea was stupid, I felt hurt" is an example of ____ language.

A) I
B) You
C) We
D) They
E) Me

Question 13

In general, masculine-gender speech communities follow this communication rule:

A) Use talk cooperatively.
B) Be expressive.
C) Include others in conversations.
D) Use talk to accomplish practical goals.
E) Show caring through speaking.

Question 14

Professor X assigns a paper in which students are to demonstrate "conceptual understanding by applying concepts to the real world." Professor X is surprised when many of the papers are extended examples of personal thought instead of being analyses of observations of society. The difference between what Professor X's words meant to the students and what the words meant to her/him reflects the fact that language is:

A) arbitrary.
B) ambiguous.
C) abstract.
D) inherent.
E) objective.

Question 15

Communication rules tell us.

A) what to say
B) when to speak
C) how to interpret others' communication
D) all of these
E) none of these

Question 16

In some face-to-face business meetings, employees are typically instructed to raise their hands if they would like to make a point. This requirement is a(n) ____ rule.

A) intuitive
B) constitutive
C) comparative
D) regulative
E) constructive

Question 17

The five symbolic abilities described in your textbook are.

A) I, Me, We, She, and He
B) clarification, understanding, restructuring, continuity, and closure
C) definition, punctuation, interpretation, subjectivity, and self-concept
D) definition, evaluation, organization, hypothetical thought, self-reflection
E) circular, rectangular, oval, triangular, and octagonal

Question 18

According to Mead, because of the ____ we can set goals for becoming the person we want to be.

A) Me
B) I
C) symbolic self
D) true self
E) affective self

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a regulative rule of interpersonal communication?

A) You should not speak when others are speaking.
B) Don't speak with your mouth full.
C) Only speak when called upon.
D) Speaking is a way to show you care about issues.
E) When the other person pauses, it's your turn to speak.

Question 20

The wife nags at her husband because he constantly withdraws from her. The husband withdraws, because he feels that his wife is nagging all the time. The difference between how the husband and wife see their communication behaviors is due to differences in:

A) abstraction.
B) punctuation.
C) regulative rules.
D) constitutive rules.
E) ambiguity.

Question 21

Some people feel awkward when they first start using this language.

A) I
B) You
C) We
D) They
E) Me

Question 22

____ language provides concrete descriptions of behaviors we dislike without directly blaming the other person for how we feel.

A) I
B) You
C) We
D) They
E) Me

Question 23

All of the following are five ways that symbolic abilities affect our lives except:

A) Definition
B) Evaluation
C) Organization
D) Self-Reflection
E) Self-Monitoring

Question 24

Qualities of symbols include all of the following except:

A) arbitrariness
B) ambiguity
C) abstraction
D) attribution
E) both arbitrariness and abstraction

Question 25

We follow communication rules even when we are not consciously aware of them.

Question 26

The I and ME aspects of self are opposing forces.

Question 27

According to Judi Miller (1993), children begin to understand and follow communication rules as early as 1 to 2 years of age.

Question 28

As our symbols become increasingly abstract, the potential for confusion decreases.

Question 29

____ language is more honest.

A) I
B) You
C) We
D) They
E) Me

Question 30

Symbols are neutral descriptions of phenomena.

Question 31

According to your text, misunderstanding is less likely when we are conscious of

A) our I language
B) our you language
C) levels of abstraction
D) speech community
E) punctuation

Question 32

To take responsibility for your own feelings, rely on ____ language.

A) I
B) You
C) We
D) They
E) Me

Question 33

____ language is more descriptive than you language.

A) I
B) You
C) We
D) They
E) Me

Question 34

____ language may be acceptable or even appreciated when it conveys praise of another.

A) I
B) You
C) We
D) They
E) Me

Question 35

Speech communities are not necessarily defined by geographic locations and boundaries.

Question 36

Interaction punctuation can be objectively defined.

Question 37

Saying, "I've had a similar experience," is a way to respect others' experiences.

Question 38

Language is a primary tool that social movements use to change cultural life and meanings.

Question 39

____ language tends to be accusatory and abstract.

A) I
B) You
C) We
D) They
E) Me

Question 40

Using ____ language allows you to own your own feelings while explaining to others how you interpret their behaviors.

A) I
B) You
C) We
D) They
E) Me

Question 41

Research shows that we are more likely to recall behaviors that are consistent with our labels for people than behaviors that are inconsistent.

Question 42

Identify the following:
Constitutive rules

Question 43

A common instance of conflicting punctuation is the demand-withdraw pattern.

Question 44

Although words don't mean exactly the same thing to everyone, within a culture many symbols have an agreed-upon range of meanings.

Question 45

For the most part, we're not conscious of the rules that guide how, when, where, and with whom we communicate about various things.

Question 46

Identify the following:
Speech communities

Question 47

Identify the following:
Symbols

Question 48

Constitutive rules specify how to interpret different kinds of communication. We learn what counts as respect (paying attention), friendliness (smiles or smiley emoticons in online communication), affection (kisses, hugs), and professionalism (punctuality, competence).

Question 49

Identify the following:
Totalizing

Question 50

Couple counselor Aaron Beck (1988) reports that overly general language distorts how partners think about a relationship.

Question 51

Identify the following:
Loaded language

Question 52

Regulative rules do not vary across cultures and social groups, so what is acceptable in one context may be regarded as inappropriate elsewhere.

Question 53

The informal style of writing common in e-mail, text messages, and social network postings is beginning to affect writing in more formal contexts.

Question 54

Communication does not reflect cultural values and perspectives.

Question 55

A study by Victoria DeFrancisco (1991) revealed a clear pattern between spouses, in which husbands interrupted wives and were unresponsive to topics wives initiated. Both husbands and wives were unaware of the rules, but their communication nonetheless sustained the pattern.

Question 56

Identify the following:
Hate speech

Question 57

Cultural understandings of other sexual activities have been similarly reformed by the coining of terms such as sexual harassment and marital rape, both of which characterize activities previously perceived as acceptable.

Question 58

Identify the following:
I language

Question 59

Identify the following:
Punctuation

Question 60

Identify the following:
Arbitrary

Question 61

What are constitutive rules? How do they differ from regulative rules? Also, be sure to give an example?

Question 62

Identify the following:
Communication tules

Question 63

Meiko is not very good at communicating. How can you help her become a better verbal communicator?

Question 64

What is the Whorf-Sapir View of language?

Question 65

Give an example of punctuation and explain how punctuation shapes meaning.

Question 66

Identify the following:
You language

Question 67

Define static evaluation and explain what Chapter 4 suggested as a method of avoiding static evaluation in our thinking. Provide a concrete example of the method in a real-life situation.

Question 68

Identify the following:
Abstract

Question 69

The author of your text argues that language is arbitrary, ambiguous, and abstract. Explain each of these terms and their implications for our communication with others.

Question 70

Identify the following:

-Indexing

Question 71

Your textbook states that respecting what others say about what they feel is a cornerstone of effective interpersonal communication. Describe some strategies for respecting what others say and feel.

Question 72

Describe the genesis of feminine and masculine speech communities and explain the kinds of rules for communicating that each speech community instills in its members.

Question 73

In Chapter 3 on perception and communication, the author stated that there is no intrinsic meaning in phenomena but that humans actively construct meanings and attach values. In Chapter 4, the author argued that language is powerful and that values inherent in the words we use shape our perceptions and those of others. Do these two statements contradict one another? Craft your answer in relation to the notions of hate speech and loaded language. (Be sure to distinguish between these two notions in your answer and provide concrete examples to support your point).

Question 74

Why is it important that we don't have to be aware of communication rules to follow them?

Question 75

Identify the following:
Static evaluation

Question 76

Identify the following:
Linguistic determinism