Deck 10: Oppositional Defiant Disorder and Conduct Disorder

Question 1

A child's relationship with their parents should be ________ in that parents maintain more power, while sibling relationships should be ________ in that there is more shared control.

Answer 1

vertical; horizontal

Question 2

Studies of the brains of children with ODD and CD have shown differences in both structure and function.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Pedro has been diagnosed with oppositional defiant disorder (ODD). Based on this diagnosis, he is likely to display all of the following behavioral difficulties EXCEPT:

A) aggression.
B) lack of empathy.
C) problems with self-regulation.
D) noncompliance with authority figures.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Three of the four characteristics of oppositional defiant disorder are categorized in these areas: ________, ________, and ________.

Question 5

Research has shown that bullies are a homogeneous group who share nearly identical characteristics leading to their bullying behavior.

Question 6

A term used to describe the multiple factors that could lead to conduct disorder is known as antisocial:

A) risk.
B) trajectory.
C) propensity.
D) temperament.

Question 7

A child's input should not be considered when making a diagnosis of CD since their perspective on their behavior is generally invalid.

Question 8

Oppositional defiant disorder is more prevalent in the United States than in other countries and cultures.

Question 9

One of the reasons it is important to understand the various paths a child with disordered conduct might take is to better understand when and how to intervene.

Question 10

Proponents of the coercion model would agree with which of the following statements regarding how and why maladaptive behaviors continue over time in children with oppositional defiant disorder?

A) Maladaptive behaviors continue as a result of parent's ineffective methods of dealing with a child's misbehavior.
B) A child who is rejected by their peers is more likely to associate with peers who have similar maladaptive behaviors, therefore reinforcing these behaviors.
C) The cycle of maladaptive and ineffective behaviors is sustained by multiple factors in the environment, including peers, parents, and teachers.
D) A proponent of the coercion model would likely agree with all of these statements.

Question 11

Which of the following factors related to prosocial behavior and definitions are INCORRECTLY matched?

A) Permanence: stability of parent-child relationship
B) Power: control and responsibility found in parent-child relationship
C) Gender: differential impact of gender on parent-child relationship
D) Age: impact of parental age on parent-child relationship

Question 12

Felipe is participating in a group at school that emphasizes cognitive behavior strategies and aims to help him in developing friendships with prosocial peers. When properly implemented, this type of intervention has been shown to be effective in helping children who are displaying behaviors related to ODD.

Question 13

Who of the following are more at risk for developing substance abuse and suicidality related to a diagnosis of conduct disorder?

A) 12-year-old Jose
B) 10-year-old Angie
C) 16-year-old Julie
D) 16-year-old Andrew

Question 14

It can be assumed from the discussion on interventions for children with ODD or CD that in order to be effective, interventions should include which of the following?

A) based on early identification
B) inclusive of all of a child's environment
C) a strong parental component
D) all of the above

Question 15

According to research, who of the following is more at risk to be a victim of bullying?

A) Eric, a 15-year-old male who is gay and has a learning disorder
B) Angela, a 9-year-old female who has a speech impediment and is advanced classes at school
C) Elizabeth, a 16-year-old female who is African American
D) Andrew, a 9-year-old male who comes from a low socioeconomic neighborhood and plays soccer at school

Question 16

Dr. Nielsen is describing his research regarding social status of young children measured by peer nomination. His research is likely to involve all of the following categories EXCEPT:

A) controversial children.
B) neglected children.
C) antisocial children.
D) popular children.

Question 17

A child who is diagnosed with conduct disorder displays more intense and frequent levels of aggression than same-aged peers.

Question 18

The pathway from ODD to CD can sometimes lead to the development of schizophrenia.

Question 19

Children who encourage each other to act in socially deviant ways have likely been encouraged to do so by which of the following processes?

A) peer contagion
B) peer punishment
C) hazing
D) peer rejection

Question 20

Kasey, a 15-year-old freshman, is having difficulty making friends at her new high school. If her experiences are typical of others her age and gender, her peers are more likely to engage in ________ or ________ to exclude her from their group.

Question 21

Two 14-year-old girls are referred to the school psychologist because of concerns with bullying behavior. Describe two different developmental pathways for the girls, with one having a more positive outcome and one a more negative outcome.

Question 22

Compare and contrast oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder in terms of how it impacts a child's relationships with others in the short- and long-term.

Question 23

When compared to the transactional model, the coercion model places a great emphasis on the role of ________ in the development of oppositional defiant disorder.

Question 24

________ aggression is premeditated, while ________ aggression which is more spontaneous and limited to a particular situation.

Question 25

Discuss how proponents of developmental cascade models would explain how behavioral issues in early childhood could lead to violent behavior related to antisocial personality disorder.

Question 26

Outline a treatment protocol for a 10-year-old male who is exhibiting signs of oppositional defiant disorder. Include research-based practices in your treatment protocol.

Question 27

Greg's parents are participating in a group that is helping them decrease the number of coercive interactions they have with Greg while increasing the number of positive interactions. This type of intervention is known as _________ training.

Question 28

A review of the literature regarding the etiology of ODD and CD would indicate that the primary causal factor of these disorders is ________.

Question 29

Eight-year-old Damian and 16-year-old Daniel have both recently been diagnosed with conduct disorder. Research would indicate that Damian's long-term prognosis is ________ than Daniel's.

Question 30

With respect to assessment, what do the data show about parent and child reports of ODD symptoms?

Question 31

Compare and contrast the coercion model and transactional model in terms of the emphasis on the role of parents, peers and siblings in the development of ODD and CD.

Question 32

Describe and give one example of three of the following as it relates to the development of ODD and CD: genes and heredity; physiological factors; child factors; parent and family factors; peer factors; and sociocultural factors.

Question 33

Write a short article designed for parents of children who have been diagnosed with Oppositional Defiant Disorder. Describe how they can provide an environment in which the potentially negative consequences of ODD are minimized.

Question 34

Describe and provide examples of Moffitt's concepts of a life-course trajectory and an adolescence-limited trajectory of conduct disorder.

Question 35

Define prosocial behavior; provide one example in a typically developing 5-year-old and one example in a 5-year-old diagnosed with oppositional defiant disorder.

Question 36

Provide two examples of ways in which peer relationships can hinder a child's development of prosocial behavior. Include the concept of peer contagion in your response.

Question 37

Provide two examples of how impaired social cognition may be observed in a child diagnosed with oppositional defiant disorder.

Question 38

Identify and discuss the pros and cons of interventions that involve isolating a child with behavioral challenges from their peers. What recommendations come from research regarding segregation of children with ODD and CD?

Question 39

Compare and contrast instrumental aggression and reactive aggression. Give an example of each.