Deck 3: Causes of Delinquency

Question 1

Robert Merton contended that individuals live by two sets of criteria: goals and the means to achieve them.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

According to the differential association theory, criminal behavior is learned.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Sheldon and Eleanor _____ concluded that the better the marital relationship and family cohesiveness, the less likely there was to be delinquency.

Answer 3

Glueck

Question 4

The ____ _____ theorists study the offender's cognitive processes.

Question 5

Emile Durkheim is considered by many to be the founder of sociology.

Question 6

The classical school sees human behavior as a product of rational decision making.

Question 7

Strain theories assume tat people are basically amoral.

Question 8

_____ ____ has been the most influential social?psychological theory of crime causation for the past sixty years.

Question 9

The _____ theories are more popular in Europe than in America.

Question 10

The positive school of thought is embodied in our Declaration of Independence which is based on the concept that all persons are created equal.

Question 11

Social control theorists contend that individuals are by nature moral.

Question 12

Biological theories of crime causation are more popular in Europe that in the United States.

Question 13

The positive school sees human behavior as a product of rational decision making.

Question 14

The classical school was the first organized school of thought on the causes of criminal behavior.

Question 15

According to the ______ theory, the process of making the criminal is a process of tagging, defining, and identifying.

Question 16

The psychological theories of crime causation are based primarily on the works of Emile Durkheim.

Question 17

The two leading symbolic interactionist theories of delinquency causation are differential association and labeling.

Question 18

Cultural deviance theories assume that juveniles are not capable of committing deviant acts.

Question 19

Social theories of crime causation tend to focus on the individual behavior of delinquents.

Question 20

Albert Cohen applied the anomie theory to juvenile delinquency.

Question 21

Outline Beccaria's main principles.

Question 22

The positive school focuses on:

A) free will
B) influences that cause criminal behavior
C) rational decision making
D) none of the above

Question 23

Which theories contend that the delinquent juvenile has different thinking patterns from the non-delinquent?

A) thinking pattern theories
B) psychological theories
C) biological theories
D) cultural deviance theories
E) control theories

Question 24

Explain the structural approaches to crime causation.

Question 25

Which theories contend that individuals are by nature amoral and will commit deviant acts if they have the chance?

A) thinking pattern theories
B) psychological theories
C) biological theories
D) cultural deviance theories
E) control theories

Question 26

Explain the differences between the control theory and the cultural deviance theory.

Question 27

Explain the contributions of Lombroso.

Question 28

Which theories assume that juveniles are not capable of committing deviant acts?

A) thinking pattern theories
B) psychological theories
C) biological theories
D) cultural deviance theories
E) control theories

Question 29

The classical school sees human behavior as:

A) a product of rational decision making.
B) a product of psychological determination.
C) pre-determined.
D) none of the above

Question 30

These theories are more popular in Europe than in the United States.

A) thinking pattern theories
B) psychological theories
C) biological theories
D) cultural deviance theories
E) control theories

Question 31

Which theories are based primarily on the works of Sigmund Freud?

A) thinking pattern theories
B) psychological theories
C) biological theories
D) cultural deviance theories
E) control theories

Question 32

Compare and contrast the positive and classical schools.