Deck 27: Seedless Plants

Question 1

Figure 27-1
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).
The structure labeled 1 in Figure 27-1 is a(n):

A) homospore.
B) heterospore.
C) embryo.
D) gamete.
E) zygote.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Figure 27-1
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).
Alternation of generations in plants refers to the alternation of:

A) diploid and haploid stages.
B) male and female stages.
C) meiotic and mitotic stages.
D) spore and seed stages.
E) thallus and leaf stages.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

An important difference between plants and algae is that a __________ covers the aerial portion of a plant.

A) chlorophyll.
B) waxy cuticle
C) lignin
D) stomata with guard cells
E) cellulose

Answer 3

B

Question 4

In plants the fertilized egg develops into a multicellular __________ (young plant) within a female gametangium.

A) zygote
B) seed
C) embryo
D) endosperm
E) cotyledon

Question 5

The first plants evolved rapidly during the __________ period.

A) Devonian
B) Silurian
C) Carboniferous
D) Triassic
E) Ordovician

Question 6

The cuticle in plants helps in preventing:

A) dessication.
B) transpiration.
C) diffusion of gases.
D) translocation of food.
E) translocation of minerals.

Question 7

A key step in the evolution of vascular plants was the ability to produce __________, a strengthening polymer in the walls of cells that function in support and conduction.

A) lignin
B) cellulose
C) starch
D) fructose
E) cutin

Question 8

Mosses and liverworts are limited in size because they lack:

A) sperm.
B) eggs.
C) vascular tissues.
D) stomata.
E) reproductive structures.

Question 9

Terrestrial plants obtain carbon dioxide, required for photosynthesis, from the:

A) soil.
B) roots.
C) atmosphere.
D) water.
E) sun.

Question 10

Which of the following is not a seedless plant?

A) moss
B) conifer
C) fern
D) club moss
E) hornwort

Question 11

The most recent group of plants to evolve are the:

A) liverworts.
B) hornworts.
C) angiosperms.
D) gymnosperms.
E) mosses.

Question 12

Figure 27-1
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).
The structure labeled A in Figure 27-1 is a:

A) gametangium of an alga.
B) gametangium of a plant.
C) germinating spore.
D) megasporangium of an alga.
E) megasporangium of a plant.

Question 13

Modern botanists think that all plants evolved from a common ancestor that was an ancient green alga, because:

A) plants are green like green algae.
B) plants live on land.
C) they have green leaves.
D) they are autotrophs.
E) they share many biochemical and metabolic traits.

Question 14

Figure 27-1
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).
The gametophyte is the dominant stage in the life cycle for which of the following plant groups?

A) club mosses
B) whisk ferns
C) ferns
D) horsetails
E) liverworts

Question 15

Plants are thought to have evolved from a group of algae known as:

A) red algae.
B) cyanobacteria.
C) charophytes.
D) dinoflagellates.
E) diatoms.

Question 16

The multicellular sex organs in plants are known as:

A) gametes.
B) spores.
C) gametangia.
D) fruits.
E) sperm.

Question 17

The most ancient group of plants alive today are:

A) horsetail.
B) club moss.
C) hornworts.
D) liverworts.
E) gymnosperms.

Question 18

Which of the following is a vascular plant?

A) moss
B) fern
C) liverwort
D) hornwort
E) charophyte

Question 19

Cell walls of plants contain cellulose and __________, which aids in structural support.

A) cutin
B) chitin
C) lignin
D) lipopolysaccharide
E) actin

Question 20

Characteristics shared between green algae and plants include:

A) stomata in the surface of leaves.
B) multicellular gametangia.
C) chlorophylls a and b in plastids.
D) a waxy cuticle.
E) stomata in the surface of stems.

Question 21

__________ are small leaves with a single vascular strand.

A) Megaphylls
B) Microphylls
C) Thalli
D) Strobili
E) Sori

Question 22

The sori of most ferns are found on the:

A) fiddleheads.
B) fronds.
C) rhizomes.
D) prothalli.
E) antheridia.

Question 23

Which of the following statements about whisk ferns is FALSE?

A) They exhibit dichotomous branching.
B) They lack true roots.
C) They lack true leaves.
D) A representative is Psilotum.
E) They lack true stems.

Question 24

Moss sperm are transported to the archegonia by:

A) wind.
B) water.
C) hummingbirds.
D) insects.
E) both insects and water.

Question 25

The oldest known fossils suggest that the __________ may have been the first plants to inhabit land.

A) mosses
B) hornworts
C) ferns
D) angiosperms
E) liverworts

Question 26

Hornworts are members of phylum:

A) Pteridophyta.
B) Anthocerophyta.
C) Bryophyta.
D) Hepatophyta.
E) Anthophyta.

Question 27

Ferns lack:

A) rhizomes.
B) seeds.
C) vascular tissue.
D) sexual reproduction.
E) photosynthesis.

Question 28

One type of asexual reproduction in liverworts involves:

A) setae.
B) gemmae.
C) fronds.
D) archegonia.
E) prothalli.

Question 29

The gametophyte generation of ferns is called the:

A) prothallus.
B) protonema.
C) gemma.
D) thallus.
E) fiddlehead.

Question 30

The most economically important bryophyte is:

A) Equisetum.
B) Anthoceros.
C) Psilotum.
D) Sphagnum.
E) Lycopodium.

Question 31

The leafy fern that you might have as a house plant is the __________ generation.

A) diploid sporophyte
B) diploid gametophyte
C) haploid sporophyte
D) haploid gametophyte
E) triploid sporophyte..

Question 32

Two vascular tissues in plants are:

A) xylem and stomata.
B) xylem and phloem.
C) phloem and stomata.
D) roots and leaves.
E) stem and roots.

Question 33

The __________ generation is dominant in mosses, as it can live independently.

A) haploid sporophyte
B) haploid gametophyte
C) diploid sporophyte
D) diploid gametophyte
E) triploid sporophyte

Question 34

Microphylls are found only in __________.

A) hornworts
B) liverworts
C) club mosses
D) ferns
E) whisk ferns

Question 35

The __________ are plants that made major contributions to the coal deposits formed hundreds of millions of years ago.

A) hornworts and liverworts
B) horsetails and club mosses
C) angiosperms
D) whisk ferns and true mosses
E) lichens and true mosses

Question 36

Plants are a:

A) polyphyletic group.
B) monophyletic group.
C) group without a common ancestor.
D) group with many ancestors.
E) paraphyletic group.

Question 37

The gametophyte of most liverworts is referred to as:

A) a seta.
B) gemmae.
C) a thallus.
D) a frond.
E) a prothallus.

Question 38

A bryophyte having a single large hloroplast in each cell belongs to the phylum:

A) Hepatophyta.
B) Pterophyta.
C) Lycopodiophyta.
D) Anthocerophyta.
E) Bryophyta.

Question 39

Coal deposits formed when forested areas were inundated with water and the __________ conditions that resulted promoted incomplete decomposition of the vegetation into coal.

A) aerobic
B) anaerobic
C) oxidizing
D) desiccating
E) saline

Question 40

In mosses, the __________ grows into the leafy gametophyte plant.

A) protonema
B) seta
C) capsule
D) antheridium
E) prothallus

Question 41

What am I? I have a jointed hollow stem with reduced megaphylls.

A) moss
B) horsetail
C) club moss
D) whisk fern
E) hornwort

Question 42

After a moss spore germinates it forms a prothallus.
____________________

Question 43

According to the fossil record, the oldest vascular plants are placed in the phylum:

A) Rhyniophyta.
B) Bryophyta.
C) Anthocerophyta.
D) Pteridophyta.
E) Lycopodiphyta.

Question 44

Figure 27-3
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).
The structure in Figure 27-3 labeled 4 is:

A) haploid.
B) diploid.
C) polyploid.
D) a zygote.
E) produced by meiosis.

Question 45

In algae, gametangia are generally unicellular.
_________________

Question 46

A gemma is a sexual reproductive structure produced by certain liverworts.
____________________

Question 47

Each archgonium produces many eggs.
_____________________

Question 48

In plants, sporogenous cells divide by mitosis to form spores.
___________________

Question 49

An archegoniophore is found in certain liverworts.
____________________

Question 50

Microsporocytes divide by __________ to form __________.

A) meiosis; megapores
B) mitosis; megaspores
C) mitosis; microspores
D) meiosis; microspore mother cells
E) meiosis; microspores

Question 51

The strobilus of a spike moss contains:

A) an apical meristem.
B) both microsporangia and megasporangia.
C) microsporangia only.
D) megasporangia only.
E) a plant embryo.

Question 52

The oldest known megafossils of early vascular plants may be characterized as:

A) possessing dichotomously branched stems with leaves.
B) possessing dichotomously branched stems without leaves or roots.
C) possessing erect stems with megaphylls.
D) possessing roots but lacking sporangia.
E) lacking roots but possessing megaphylls.

Question 53

Figure 27-3
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).
Which of the following is heterosporous?

A) whisk fern
B) spike moss
C) horsetail
D) liverwort
E) hornwort

Question 54

Xylem is a vascular tissue that conducts dissolved sugars.
____________________

Question 55

Many seedless plants produce spores of one morphological type, which is referred to as:

A) heterospory.
B) sporogeny.
C) megaspory.
D) homospory.
E) microspory.

Question 56

Prepare a table that lists the features that distinguish bryophytes from green algae and from other plants.

Question 57

Mosses have stems, roots, and leaves.
____________________

Question 58

Figure 27-3
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).
The life cycle in Figure 27-3 could represent:

A) a moss.
B) a whisk fern.
C) a club moss
D) a horsetail.
E) a liverwort.

Question 59

Figure 27-3
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).
Which of the following statements is FALSE concerning the structure in Figure 27-3 labeled 1?

A) It is haploid.
B) It was produced by mitosis.
C) It was produced from a megaspore.
D) It is not a product of fertilization.
E) It is part of the sporophyte generation.

Question 60

Heterospory was an important evolutionary development, as it led to the evolution of:

A) pollen.
B) eggs.
C) xylem.
D) phloem.
E) seeds.

Question 61

MATCHING
Match the plant phylum with the appropriate word or phrase.
a.Anthocerophyta
d.Lycopodiophyta
b.Bryophyta
e.Pteridophyta
c.Hepaticophyta
hornworts

Question 62

MATCHING
Match the plant phylum with the appropriate word or phrase.
a.Anthocerophyta
d.Lycopodiophyta
b.Bryophyta
e.Pteridophyta
c.Hepaticophyta
whisk ferns

Question 63

A sorus is a cluster of sporangia.
____________________

Question 64

MATCHING
Match the plant phylum with the appropriate word or phrase.
a.Anthocerophyta
d.Lycopodiophyta
b.Bryophyta
e.Pteridophyta
c.Hepaticophyta
liverworts

Question 65

MATCHING
Match the plant phylum with the appropriate word or phrase.
a.Anthocerophyta
d.Lycopodiophyta
b.Bryophyta
e.Pteridophyta
c.Hepaticophyta
Marchantia

Question 66

MATCHING
Match the plant phylum with the appropriate word or phrase.
a.Anthocerophyta
d.Lycopodiophyta
b.Bryophyta
e.Pteridophyta
c.Hepaticophyta
ferns

Question 67

If a plant produces microspores and megaspores, then by definition it is homosporous.
____________________

Question 68

MATCHING
Match the plant phylum with the appropriate word or phrase.
a.Anthocerophyta
d.Lycopodiophyta
b.Bryophyta
e.Pteridophyta
c.Hepaticophyta
Sphagnum

Question 69

Horsetails belong to the phylum Pteridophyta.
____________________

Question 70

MATCHING
Match the plant phylum with the appropriate word or phrase.
a.Anthocerophyta
d.Lycopodiophyta
b.Bryophyta
e.Pteridophyta
c.Hepaticophyta
Psilotum

Question 71

If you were a paleontologist studying clams, you would have an easier research project than if you were studying early plants.Why? Include in your discussion the term megafossils.

Question 72

MATCHING
Match the plant phylum with the appropriate word or phrase.
a.Anthocerophyta
d.Lycopodiophyta
b.Bryophyta
e.Pteridophyta
c.Hepaticophyta
horsetails

Question 73

Club mosses belong to the phylum Bryophyta.
____________________

Question 74

MATCHING
Match the plant phylum with the appropriate word or phrase.
a.Anthocerophyta
d.Lycopodiophyta
b.Bryophyta
e.Pteridophyta
c.Hepaticophyta
club mosses

Question 75

Microphylls evolved from stem branches.
____________________

Question 76

MATCHING
Match the plant phylum with the appropriate word or phrase.
a.Anthocerophyta
d.Lycopodiophyta
b.Bryophyta
e.Pteridophyta
c.Hepaticophyta
Describe alternation of generations.Include in your discussion the following terms: gametophyte, sporophyte, diploid, haploid, dominant form, meiosis, and fertilization.

Question 77

MATCHING
Match the plant phylum with the appropriate word or phrase.
a.Anthocerophyta
d.Lycopodiophyta
b.Bryophyta
e.Pteridophyta
c.Hepaticophyta
mosses

Question 78

MATCHING
Match the plant phylum with the appropriate word or phrase.
a.Anthocerophyta
d.Lycopodiophyta
b.Bryophyta
e.Pteridophyta
c.Hepaticophyta
Discuss adaptations for terrestrial life seen in land plants.

Question 79

MATCHING
Match the plant phylum with the appropriate word or phrase.
a.Anthocerophyta
d.Lycopodiophyta
b.Bryophyta
e.Pteridophyta
c.Hepaticophyta
Anthoceros

Question 80

The oldest megafossils of vascular plants belong to the phylum Rhyniophyta.
____________________