Deck 26: Protists

Question 1

Ancestors of __________ may have possessed mitochondria which were lost or reduced during evolutionay history.

A) Laminaria
B) Amoeba
C) Euglena
D) Giardia
E) Paramecium

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Among the protist groups below, which has organisms that typically move with one or more flagella?

A) amoebozoa
B) diplomonads
C) apicomplexans
D) foraminifera
E) actinopods

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Based on the most recent data available, the protist kingdom is:

A) paraphyletic.
B) monophyletic.
C) composed only of unicells.
D) composed of both eukaryotes and prokaryotes.
E) entirely microscopic.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Symbiotic association in which one partner lives on or in another and metabolically depends on it is called:

A) symbiosis.
B) mutualism.
C) commensalisms.
D) parasitism.
E) colonialism..

Question 5

Water molds are members of the kingdom __________.

A) Protista
B) Fungi
C) Plantae
D) Bacteria
E) Animalia

Question 6

Backpackers' diarrhea, a common infection among campers and hikers, is caused by drinking untreated water.Consequently, backpacker's diarrhea is due most likely to __________ in the water.

A) Phytophthora
B) Amoeba
C) Euglena
D) Trypanosoma
E) Giardia

Question 7

Which group contains the organism Trypanosoma?

A) excavates
B) chromalveolates
C) unikonts
D) archaeplastids
E) rhizarians

Question 8

The __________ are excavates that lack functional mitochondria and Golgi.

A) cryptomonads
B) chrysophytes
C) diplomonads
D) water molds
E) slime molds

Question 9

Which of the following statements concerning euglenoids is FALSE?

A) They have a pellicle.
B) They have 9 + 2 arrangement of microtubules in their flagella.
C) Their cells contain mitochondria.
D) They are unicellular.
E) They are all photosynthetic.

Question 10

Who am I? I cause African sleeping sickness.

A) Trichomonas
B) Giardia
C) Plasmodium
D) Saprolegnia
E) Trypanosoma

Question 11

Most protists are:

A) aquatic.
B) parasitic.
C) terrestrial.
D) arboreal.
E) coenocytic.

Question 12

Members of this group have a crystalline rod in their flagella.

A) zooxanthellae
B) ciliates
C) euglenoids
D) water molds
E) diatoms

Question 13

What am I? I am an anaerobic excavate that is an endosymbiont of animals.

A) parabasilid
B) diatom
C) euglenoid
D) dinoflagellate
E) actinopod

Question 14

Some protists consist of a single cell with multiple nuclei.This condition is known as:

A) mycelium.
B) alternation of generations.
C) multicellular.
D) coenocytic.
E) colonial.

Question 15

Who am I? I have the same photosynthetic pigments as plants, but I can also obtain nutrients by ingestion.

A) plasmodium
B) Amoeba
C) euglenoids
D) Giardia
E) Paramecium

Question 16

Members of the alveolates are characterized by the presence of:

A) contractile vacuoles surrounded by a pellicle.
B) micronuclei.
C) macronuclei.
D) heterocysts.
E) flattened vesicles under the plasma membrane.

Question 17

Symbiotic association in which one partner benefits and the other is unaffected is called:

A) symbiosis.
B) mutualism.
C) commensalism.
D) parasitism.
E) colonialism.

Question 18

Mitochondria and chloroplasts in eukaryotic cells probably originated from:

A) fungi.
B) protists.
C) endosymbionts.
D) plants.
E) animals.

Question 19

At the base of the food web in aquatic ecosystem are:

A) algae.
B) Euglena.
C) plankton.
D) plants.
E) fish.

Question 20

The first eukaryotic cells to evolve from ancestral prokaryotes were:

A) fungi.
B) protists.
C) endosymbionts.
D) plants.
E) animals.

Question 21

Brown algae lack true roots but have similar structures called __________ that anchor them to the substrate.

A) stipes
B) fronds
C) holdfasts
D) blades
E) thalli

Question 22

Which of the following describes the composition of cell walls found in water molds?

A) All individuals have only cellulosic walls.
B) All individuals have only chitinous walls.
C) All individuals have only peptidoglycan walls.
D) Some individuals have cell walls of chitin, and others have cell walls of cellulose.
E) Some individuals have cell walls of chitin, some have cell walls of cellulose, and some have cell walls of both chitin and cellulose.

Question 23

Who am I? I typically have two flagella: one that wraps in a transverse groove and the other that wraps in a longitudinal groove.

A) green algae
B) red algae
C) euglenoids
D) dinoflagellates
E) brown algae

Question 24

Figure 26-1
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).
In ciliates macronuclei control __________.

A) reproduction only
B) growth only
C) metabolism only
D) movement only
E) both growth and metabolism

Question 25

Unikonts are characterized by having:

A) two centrioles.
B) one flagellum.
C) cell walls of chitin.
D) micronuclei.
E) cell walls of silica.

Question 26

Figure 26-2
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).
The outcome of the process illustrated in Figure 26-2 is:

A) four new genetically identical cells that differ genetically from what they were before.
B) four new but genetically distinct cells.
C) two new genetically identical cells that differ genetically from what they were before.
D) two new but genetically distinct cells.
E) one male and one female cell.

Question 27

Late blight of potatoes that caused the Irish potato famine is caused by members of the genus __________.

A) Myxomycota
B) Phytophthora
C) Giardia
D) Macrocystis
E) Physarum

Question 28

Figure 26-1
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).
Refer to Figure 26-1.The function of the structure labeled 4 is:

A) food intake.
B) digestion.
C) waste elimination.
D) water discharge.
E) asexual reproduction.

Question 29

Figure 26-2
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).
Refer to Figure 26-2.The process occurring in the cells labeled 2 in the sequence is:

A) fertilization.
B) syngamy.
C) the first meiotic division.
D) the second meiotic division.
E) mitosis.

Question 30

_______ are characterized by having a micronucleus and a macronucleus.

A) Euglenoids
B) Ciliates
C) Diplomonads
D) Amoebozoans
E) Actinopods

Question 31

The commercially important unicellular protists that are used in filters, polishes, and other industrial processes are the:

A) dinoflagellates.
B) euglenoids.
C) apicomplexans.
D) zooflagellates.
E) diatoms.

Question 32

Figure 26-1
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).
Refer to Figure 26-1.The function of the structure labeled 6 is:

A) food intake.
B) digestion.
C) waste elimination.
D) water discharge.
E) asexual reproduction.

Question 33

Figure 26-2
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).
The symbiotic dinoflagellates, which live in the bodies of marine invertebrates such as mollusks, jellyfish, and corals, are called __________.

A) zooxanthellae
B) apicomplexans
C) sporozites
D) ciliates
E) stramenopiles.

Question 34

Malaria is caused by an __________, which is carried to a host by a __________.

A) apicomplexan; fly
B) apicomplexan; mosquito
C) apicomplexan; body louse
D) actinopod; fly
E) actinopod; mosquito

Question 35

Figure 26-2
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).
Dinoflagellates that contribute substantially to the productivity of coral reefs are __________.

A) zooxanthellae
B) apicomplexans
C) sporozites
D) ciliates
E) stramenopiles.

Question 36

Figure 26-2
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).
Refer to Figure 26-2.The process occurring in the cells labeled 6 is:

A) fertilization.
B) fusion.
C) the first meiotic division.
D) the second meiotic division.
E) mitosis.

Question 37

Figure 26-1
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).
Individuals in this group often have intracellular shells of interlocking plates.

A) green algae
B) red algae
C) euglenoids
D) dinoflagellates
E) diatoms

Question 38

Which algal group contains individuals that are typically unicellular and form siliceous shells?

A) green algae
B) red algae
C) brown algae
D) dinoflagellates
E) diatoms

Question 39

In Paramecium, the surface of the cell is covered with thousands of short, hair-like __________.

A) plasmadesmata
B) pseudopods
C) flagella
D) cilia
E) trichomes

Question 40

Members of which group are one of the most important producers in marine ecosystems, although sometimes they form blooms known as red tides?

A) green algae
B) red algae
C) euglenoids
D) dinoflagellates
E) brown algae

Question 41

You find a unicellular organism that forms lobe-like pseudopodia.When you expose the cells to cAMP, they aggregate into a slug like structure.Based on this information, you correctly conclude that this organism is:

A) Entamoeba histolytica.
B) Dictyostelium discoideum.
C) Chaos carolinense.
D) Chlamydomonas.
E) Physarum polycephalum.

Question 42

All of the following statements about the brown algae are true except:

A) this group includes the most complex algae that have blades, stipes, and holdfasts.
B) they share a common ancestor with representatives of the plant kingdom.
C) they represent the largest members of the algae called seaweeds.
D) they are harvested for algin, which is used in a variety of commercial products.
E) they are ecologically important as producers and in providing habitats along rocky coastlines.

Question 43

You find a protist that has a single flagellum surrounded by a collar of microvilli.You correctly conclude that this organism is:

A) a cellular slime mold.
B) a choanoflagellate.
C) a plasmodial slime mold.
D) not a unikont.
E) not motile.

Question 44

Figure 26-3
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).

-Refer to Figure 26-3.At point 4, several Chlamydomonas cells are "packaged" in a surrounding membrane.Which of the following statements concerning those cells is FALSE?

A) They are gametes.
B) They were produced by mitosis.
C) They are part of the negative (-) strain.
D) They are part of the haploid generation.
E) They can also be considered zoospores.

Question 45

Pseudopodia are used by Amoeba for ingesting food as well as for:

A) reproduction.
B) excretion.
C) digestion.
D) movement.
E) avoiding predation.

Question 46

Members of this group typically consist of amoeboid cells surrounded by a hard outer shell through which cytoplasmic projections extend.

A) rhizarians
B) archaeplastids
C) unikonts
D) euglenoids
E) opisthokonts

Question 47

Members of the __________ are thought to have given rise to plants.

A) green algae
B) red algae
C) euglenoids
D) dinoflagellates
E) diatoms

Question 48

What am I? I am a unicellular, biflagellate stramenopile that forms a significant portion of the nonplankton.

A) brown algae
B) ciliates
C) golden algae
D) foraminifera
E) red algae

Question 49

Members of which group have formed deposits of chalk, as seen in the white cliffs of Dover?

A) euglenoids
B) choanoflagellates
C) diplomonads
D) foraminiferans
E) actinopods

Question 50

Figure 26-3
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).
Refer to Figure 26-3.The structure at point 6 in the life cycle:

A) is a zoospore.
B) was produced by mitosis.
C) was produced by meiosis.
D) is diploid.
E) is a structure in which mitosis occurs..

Question 51

Figure 26-3
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).
Refer to Figure 26-3.The process occurring at point 1 in the life cycle is:

A) fertilization.
B) sexual reproduction.
C) meiosis.
D) asexual reproduction.
E) syngamy.

Question 52

Which of the following protist group does not have flagellated cells?

A) water molds
B) brown algae
C) euglenoids
D) red algae
E) golden algae

Question 53

Figure 26-3
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).
Members of the __________ move via pseudopodia.

A) amoebozoa
B) rhizaria
C) archaeplastids
D) excavates
E) chromalveolates

Question 54

Cytoplasmic projections called ________ enable certain kinds of protists to move from place to place

A) plasmodesmata
B) pseudopods
C) flagella
D) cilia
E) trichomes

Question 55

Who am I? I am characterized by having a test and axopods.

A) green algae
B) actinopods
C) opisthokonts
D) stramenopiles
E) forams

Question 56

Figure 26-3
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).
Which of the following statements concerning radiolarians is FALSE?

A) They lack shells.
B) They are actinopods.
C) They are rhizarians.
D) They have axopods.
E) They are important constituents of plankton.

Question 57

Of the following, which group exhibits a diverse morphology, forming unicells, filaments, and sheets?

A) green algae
B) brown algae
C) euglenoids
D) dinoflagellates
E) diatoms

Question 58

Coralline forms of members of this group are ecologically important in the formation of coral reefs.

A) red algae
B) brown algae
C) dinoflagellates
D) euglenoids
E) green algae

Question 59

Which group of algae are a commercial source of agar and carrageenan?

A) red algae
B) brown algae
C) dinoflagellates
D) euglenoids
E) green algae

Question 60

Members of this group are characterized by a multinucleate amoeboid-like feeding form called a plasmodium.

A) plasmodial slime molds
B) water molds
C) ameobozoa
D) brown algae
E) cellular slime molds

Question 61

The stramenopiles include water molds, diatoms, golden algae, and brown algae.
____________________

Question 62

An example of a cellular slime mold is Physarum polycephalum.
_________________

Question 63

When brown algae divide asexually, each new cell retains half of the original shell.
__________________

Question 64

According to the serial endosymbiosis hypothesis, the ancestors of mitochondria are thought to be purple bacteria.
____________________

Question 65

An example of a protist that reproduces sexually by conjugation is Paramecium.
__________________

Question 66

Red tides are caused by red algae.
_________________

Question 67

Name the structure that allows motility in the following groups: amoebozoa, excavates, and ciliates.

Question 68

An example of an excavate that has a pellicle is Euglena.
__________________

Question 69

The archaeplastids include the red algae and the green algae.
________________

Question 70

Name the supergroup and representative "protist" clade to which choanoflagellates belong.Why are the choanoflagellates thought to be particularly important evolutionarily?

Question 71

Land plants are thought to have arisen most directly from a red algal ancestor.
___________________

Question 72

Parabasilids are excavates that lack functional mitochondria and lack a Golgi complex.
_______________

Question 73

Foraminiferans are Rhizarians.
______________

Question 74

Amoebozoans move by means of flagella.
_______________

Question 75

Coccolithophorids are marine members of the brown algae.
________________

Question 76

Name the two main clades of Rhizaria, then list one way of distinguishing one of those clades from the other.

Question 77

The protist that causes malaria belongs to the genus Macrocystis.
___________________

Question 78

The body of a water mold is called a mycelium.
_____________________

Question 79

The symbiotic association in which one partner benefits and the other partner is neither harmed not helped is called mutualism.
__________________

Question 80

Identify the modes of nutrition found in members of the protists, and include two examples of each.