Deck 28: Seed Plants

Question 1

The gymnosperm group with the fewest species is phylum:

A) Coniferophyta.
B) Ginkgophyta.
C) Cycadophyta.
D) Gnetophyta.
E) Pteridophyta.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Which of the following phyla is unusual, as it is composed of a single species?

A) Gnetophtya
B) Anthophyta
C) Ginkgophyta
D) Coniferophyta
E) Cycadophyta

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Which of the following statements concerning gymnosperms and angiosperms is FALSE?

A) Both groups are heterosporous.
B) In both groups the sporophyte generation is dominant.
C) Both groups posses vascular tissues.
D) Both groups produce seeds.
E) Both groups have free-living gametophytes.

Answer 3

E

Question 4

Most conifers have separate male and female reproductive parts on the same tree.This condition is referred to as:

A) deciduous.
B) dioecious.
C) monoecious.
D) homosporous.
E) heterosporous.

Question 5

Angiosperms have __________ in their phloem.

A) sporophylls
B) sieve tube elements
C) phloem vessels
D) generative cells
E) stalk cells

Question 6

The most diverse, successful, and familiar group of plants today are the:

A) gymnosperms.
B) bryophytes.
C) ferns.
D) angiosperms.
E) lycopods.

Question 7

What phylum am I? I have leaves that resemble the leaves of ferns, I have flagellated sperm, and my seeds resemble those of the earliest fossil seeds.

A) Cycadophyta
B) Pteridophyta
C) Gnetophyta
D) Coniferophyta
E) Anthophyta

Question 8

In the process of fertilization in conifers, the pollen tube grows to the:

A) archegonium.
B) antheridium.
C) microspores.
D) pollen grains.
E) microsporangia.

Question 9

Xylem is to phloem as:

A) conducts dissolved sugars is to conducts amino acids and water.
B) conducts water and dissolved minerals is to conducts dissolved salts.
C) conducts dissolved organic compounds is to conducts inorganic compounds.
D) conducts water and dissolved minerals is to conducts dissolved sugar.
E) conducts nutrients is to conducts wastes.

Question 10

When plants have a distinct haploid stage and diploid stage, this is referred to as:

A) asexual and sexual generations.
B) binary generations.
C) mitotic and meiotic generations.
D) alternation of generations.
E) parthenocarpy.

Question 11

Pine pollen is primarily disseminated by:

A) birds.
B) wind.
C) water.
D) beetles.
E) moths.

Question 12

Which of the following gymnosperm groups has the most efficient water-conducting cells?

A) Coniferophyta
B) Ginkgophyta
C) Cycadophyta
D) Gnetophyta
E) Pteridophyta.

Question 13

Cycads may be characterized as being:

A) dioecious and having nonmotile sperm.
B) dioecious and having motile sperm.
C) monoecious and having nonmotile sperm.
D) monoecious and having motile sperm.
E) the most primitive flowering plants.

Question 14

The largest cones produced on a pine tree, the ones we are typically most familiar with, are the female cones that contain:

A) megasporangia.
B) microsporangia.
C) pollen.
D) microspores.
E) antheridia.

Question 15

In plants, phloem is associated with transport of:

A) water only.
B) dissolved sugars.
C) water and minerals.
D) minerals only.
E) plant hormones only.

Question 16

The accompanying figure is representative of which of the following?

A) anthophyta only
B) gymnosperms only
C) ginkophyta only
D) coniferophyta only
E) both gymnosperms and coniferophyta

Question 17

Extracts from the ginkgo tree are sold in over the counter (OTC) medicines purported to increase memory.Extracts from what other gymnosperm are also sold in OTC medicines, some of which have useful effects and others of which have controversial effects?

A) Archaeopteris
B) Eucalyptus
C) Ephedra
D) Sequoiadendron
E) Welwitschia

Question 18

A basic difference between gymnosperms and flowering plants is:

A) gymnosperms produce seeds that are enclosed within a fruit, while flowering plants produce seeds borne naked.
B) gymnosperms produce flowers that have floral parts arranged in threes, or multiples of threes, while flowering plants have floral parts arranged in fours or in multiples of four.
C) gymnosperms produce only cones, while flowering plants produce both flowers and cones.
D) gymnosperms produce seeds borne naked, while flowering plants produce seeds enclosed within a fruit.
E) gymnosperms produce "naked" ovules, while flowering plants produce "naked" seeds.

Question 19

Seeds are reproductively superior to spores because:

A) seeds contain a multicellular young plant.
B) only seeds can survive for an extended period of time.
C) seeds are used as a food source for humans.
D) seeds are protected by a multicellular seed coat.
E) seeds contain a young plant and also are protected by a seed coat.

Question 20

In plants, xylem is associated with the transportation of:

A) water and minerals.
B) food.
C) nutrients.
D) water and food.
E) dissolved sugars.

Question 21

The type of venation in monocots is known as:

A) reticulate.
B) parallel.
C) netted.
D) fibrous.
E) striated.

Question 22

In flowering plants, the __________ generation is dominant.

A) haploid gametophyte
B) diploid gametophyte
C) haploid sporophyte
D) diploid sporophyte
E) triploid endosperm

Question 23

Parallel venation is to netted venation as:

A) nonvascular is to vascular.
B) monocot is to eudicot.
C) gymnosperm is to angiosperm.
D) eudicot is to monocot.
E) seed plants is to nonseed plants.

Question 24

In plants, ovules develop into:

A) seeds.
B) fruits.
C) corolla.
D) calyx.
E) bracts.

Question 25

In flowering plants, the immature male gametophyte is the:

A) anther.
B) pollen grain.
C) carpel.
D) style.
E) androecium.

Question 26

During pollination of flowering plants, pollen lands on the:

A) stigma.
B) style.
C) carpel.
D) anther.
E) filament.

Question 27

How many sperm cells contribute to the process of reproduction in angiosperms?

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5

Question 28

Figure 28-1
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).
The structure labeled 2 in Figure 28-1 is the:

A) stigma.
B) style.
C) receptacle.
D) ovary.
E) filament.

Question 29

After fertilization in angiosperms, the ovule develops into the:

A) ovary.
B) seed.
C) pollen grain.
D) stigma.
E) fruit.

Question 30

In most developing eudicot seeds, the primary source of nutritive material is in the:

A) embryo.
B) cotyledons.
C) zygote.
D) endosperm.
E) micropyle.

Question 31

A plant with parallel veins and floral parts in threes or multiples of three would be classified as:

A) a monocot.
B) a gymnosperm.
C) a eudicot.
D) a gnetophyte.
E) a cotyledonous plant.

Question 32

In plants, ovaries develop into:

A) seeds.
B) fruits.
C) corolla.
D) calyx.
E) bracts.

Question 33

Figure 28-1
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).
Which of the following is a female reproductive structure in Figure 28-1?

A) 1
B) 7
C) 5
D) 8
E) 3

Question 34

One of the end products of meiotic division of a megasporocyte, followed by mitosis, is the production of:

A) a single tetraploid egg cell.
B) two diploid eggs cells.
C) four haploid egg cells.
D) a single haploid egg cell.
E) one diploid egg cell..

Question 35

Figure 28-1
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).
Which of the structures in Figure 28-1 is largely responsible for attracting potential pollinators?

A) 1
B) 7
C) 10
D) 8
E) 3

Question 36

The endosperm of an angiosperm seed is typically:

A) haploid (1n).
B) diploid (2n).
C) triploid (3n).
D) quadraploid (4n).
E) pentaploid (5n).

Question 37

Figure 28-1
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).
In a flowering plant, the __________ is the site of meiosis and, ultimately, the production of pollen.

A) stigma
B) style
C) carpel
D) anther
E) filament

Question 38

Figure 28-1
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).
The female gametophyte generation in angiosperms is found in the:

A) antheridium.
B) stigma and style of the pistil.
C) prothallium.
D) megasporophyte of the cones.
E) ovule of the ovary.

Question 39

If a flower has sepals, petals, and stamens but lacks carpels, then that flower is:

A) complete and imperfect.
B) complete and perfect.
C) incomplete and perfect.
D) incomplete and imperfect.
E) almost complete and almost perfect.

Question 40

A fruit is derived from the:

A) ovary wall.
B) seed.
C) receptacle.
D) style.
E) male gametophyte.

Question 41

Flowering plants appeared in the fossil record in the:

A) Cenozoic era.
B) Late Cretaceous period.
C) Paleozoic era.
D) Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous periods.
E) Tertiary period.

Question 42

The pollen grains of pine each consists of three cells.
____________________

Question 43

The nutritive tissue in a mature pine seed is triploid.
____________________

Question 44

The earliest pollinators of flowers were probably __________ that visited flowers to chew on the petals and leaves.

A) mice
B) bees
C) beetles
D) grasshoppers
E) earwigs

Question 45

Which of the following is not an adaptation of flowering plants that contributed to their evolutionary success?

A) seed production
B) a wide variety of pollination strategies
C) efficient water-conducting cells
D) broad leaves with large surface areas
E) adaptability of the gametophyte generation

Question 46

A gymnosperm that produces a long taproot and only two leaves belongs to the genus Gnetum.
____________________

Question 47

Recent studies of gene function as it relates to reproductive development suggest that angiosperms evolved most directly from:

A) cycads.
B) lycopods.
C) gnetophytes.
D) ginkgos.
E) conifers.

Question 48

Progymnosperms had two derived features:

A) microphylls and herbaceous tissue.
B) microphylls and woody tissue.
C) megaphylls and herbaceous tissue.
D) megaphylls and woody tissue.
E) both megaphylls and microphylls and herbaceous tissue.

Question 49

The oldest definitive trace of flowering plants in the fossil record consists of:

A) pollen grains in an anther.
B) pistils on vegetative stems.
C) petals and sepals.
D) ovules enclosed in podlike fruits.
E) primitive embryo sacs.

Question 50

Cycads and Ginkgo are similar in that they produce nonmotile sperm.
____________________

Question 51

If you identify a plant as Magnolia grandiflora, then you would also know that this plant is:

A) the nearest living relative of all angiosperms.
B) a core angiosperm.
C) a dicot.
D) a monocot.
E) a eudicot.

Question 52

Most conifers are dioecious.
____________________

Question 53

The lowermost and outermost whorl on a floral shoot consists of petals.
____________________

Question 54

Which of the following statements concerning basal angiosperms is FALSE?

A) They consist of three clades.
B) Star anise is a representative.
C) Amborella trichopoda is a representative.
D) Water lilies are representatives.
E) They evolved after the core angiosperms.

Question 55

Gnetophytes are different from other gymnosperms in that gnetophytes have vessel elements.
____________________

Question 56

The first plants to produce seeds evolved during the:

A) Mesozoic era.
B) Devonian period.
C) Cenozoic era.
D) Jurassic period.
E) Cretaceous period.

Question 57

Leaf __________ in the fall is an adaptation for flowering plants to survive harsh winters in temperate climates.

A) desiccation
B) photosynthesis
C) abscission
D) growth
E) production

Question 58

The wood of conifers consists mostly of tracheids.
____________________

Question 59

Integuments develop into the megasporangium.
____________________

Question 60

Evidence from vascular tissues and developmental stages suggests that stamens evolved from:

A) stems.
B) pollen grains.
C) roots.
D) leaves.
E) megasporangia.

Question 61

MATCHING
Match the phylum with the correct word or phrase.
a.Anthophyta
d.Ginkgophyta
b.Coniferophyta
e.Gnetophyta
c.Cycadophyta
Give examples of plants in each of the gymnosperm phyla.Differentiate among them with respect to morphology and reproductive characteristics.Which is the most diverse? Least diverse?

Question 62

A stamen consists of an anther and a filament.
____________________

Question 63

MATCHING
Match the phylum with the correct word or phrase.
a.Anthophyta
d.Ginkgophyta
b.Coniferophyta
e.Gnetophyta
c.Cycadophyta
Seeds are superior reproductive structures, compared to spores.Describe the advantages of seeds.Briefly describe the connection between human civilization and seeds.

Question 64

In the process of double fertilization, one sperm fuses with the egg and the other sperm fuses with a synergid.
____________________

Question 65

Petals and sepals are thought to have evolved most directly from stems.
____________________

Question 66

A fruit develops from the ovary wall.
____________________

Question 67

MATCHING
Match the phylum with the correct word or phrase.
a.Anthophyta
d.Ginkgophyta
b.Coniferophyta
e.Gnetophyta
c.Cycadophyta
produces flowers

Question 68

MATCHING
Match the phylum with the correct word or phrase.
a.Anthophyta
d.Ginkgophyta
b.Coniferophyta
e.Gnetophyta
c.Cycadophyta
exhibits double fertilization

Question 69

MATCHING
Match the phylum with the correct word or phrase.
a.Anthophyta
d.Ginkgophyta
b.Coniferophyta
e.Gnetophyta
c.Cycadophyta
has a trunklike stem and compound leaves that resemble those of palms

Question 70

MATCHING
Match the phylum with the correct word or phrase.
a.Anthophyta
d.Ginkgophyta
b.Coniferophyta
e.Gnetophyta
c.Cycadophyta
produces fruits

Question 71

In angiosperms, the mature female gametophyte is the embryo sac.
____________________

Question 72

MATCHING
Match the phylum with the correct word or phrase.
a.Anthophyta
d.Ginkgophyta
b.Coniferophyta
e.Gnetophyta
c.Cycadophyta
pines, firs, and hemlocks

Question 73

Coniferous forests are important ecosystems, particularly in higher latitudes and altitudes.How are conifers of direct economic importance to humans?

Question 74

MATCHING
Match the phylum with the correct word or phrase.
a.Anthophyta
d.Ginkgophyta
b.Coniferophyta
e.Gnetophyta
c.Cycadophyta
the maidenhair tree

Question 75

The monocots and eudicots are basal angiosperms.
____________________

Question 76

MATCHING
Match the phylum with the correct word or phrase.
a.Anthophyta
d.Ginkgophyta
b.Coniferophyta
e.Gnetophyta
c.Cycadophyta
a gymnosperm having vessel elements

Question 77

The closest living gymnosperm relatives of angiosperms are thought to be the conifers.
____________________

Question 78

MATCHING
Match the phylum with the correct word or phrase.
a.Anthophyta
d.Ginkgophyta
b.Coniferophyta
e.Gnetophyta
c.Cycadophyta
represented by only one living species