Deck 14: Fluvial Processes and Landforms

Question 1

Drainage basins with channel systems that convey water to the ocean ____.

A)flow to a temporary base level
B)have exterior drainage
C)flow to a regional base level
D)have interior drainage

Answer 1

B

Question 2

The physical process of stream water alone removing pieces of rock is called ____.

A)abrasion
B)turbulence
C)hydraulic action
D)attrition

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Stream terraces along the sides of river valleys are usually evidence of ____.

A)mass wasting
B)trellis drainage
C)distributary channels
D)major changes in base level

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Drainage density represents ____.

A)the extent of channelization
B)the amount of suspended material
C)stream discharge
D)stream capacity

Question 5

Humid region streams are typically ____.

A)ephemeral and meandering
B)perennial and meandering
C)ephemeral and braided
D)perennial and braided

Question 6

The line of demarcation between adjacent drainage basins is a(n) ____.

A)drainage basin
B)divide
C)medial moraine
D)interfluve

Question 7

Parallel tributaries are named for the ____.

A)Mississippi River
B)Amazon River
C)Yazoo River
D)Nile River

Question 8

The land surface drained by a stream system is called a ____.

A)tributary
B)sheet wash
C)drainage basin
D)water district

Question 9

In the downstream direction, a typical humid-region stream would experience a(n) ____.

A)decrease in discharge
B)decrease in channel depth
C)increase in channel width
D)increase in gradient

Question 10

Groundwater seeping into a stream channel at or below the water surface is ____.

A)stream load
B)peak flow
C)flood crest
D)base flow

Question 11

A dendritic drainage pattern is most likely to develop on rocks that ____.

A)have multiple parallel folds
B)form a volcanic mountain
C)are criss-crossed by fractures and faults
D)are of uniform resistance

Question 12

The volume of water flowing past a cross section of the stream channel in a given unit of time is the ____.

A)hydrograph
B)floodplain
C)discharge
D)capacity

Question 13

Pebbles and cobbles would most likely be transported by a river as ____.

A)bed load
B)discharge load
C)suspended load
D)solution load

Question 14

The process of stream transportation that moves large particles by rolling or sliding is ____.

A)traction
B)saltation
C)suspension
D)surface creep

Question 15

Oxbow lakes typically occur in the ____ course.

A)first
B)upper
C)middle
D)lower

Question 16

Any stream-deposited sediments are best referred to as ____.

A)till
B)alluvium
C)regolith
D)gravel

Question 17

____ order streams have no perennial tributaries.

A)First-order
B)Second
C)Third
D)Fourth

Question 18

Meanders ____.

A)are most common in arid-region streams
B)only occur with the trellis drainage pattern
C)are most common in basins of interior drainage
D)typically have cut banks

Question 19

____ indicates that a stream does not have enough flow to reach the ocean.

A)Stream ordering
B)Exterior drainage
C)Interior drainage
D)A reservoir

Question 20

Natural levees are commonly found in association with ____.

A)braided streams and lava flows
B)meandering streams and talus
C)meandering streams and debris flows
D)braided streams and rockslides

Question 21

If a river had a 10-year flood this year, it could also have a 10-year flood next year.

Question 22

A trellis stream pattern consists of long parallel streams linked by short, right-angled segments.

Question 23

Streams can lengthen their drainage courses by the process of headward erosion.

Question 24

Two third-order streams must join to form a second-order stream.

Question 25

Many of the world's lake basins are products of ____.

A)folding
B)stream erosion
C)glaciation
D)karst action

Question 26

Natural levees are banks of a river that have been built up by flood deposits so that they are higher than the surrounding floodplain.

Question 27

Drainage patterns often reflect bedrock structure.

Question 28

Floodplains are made ____.

A)by tectonic activity
B)by glaciation
C)of alluvium
D)artificially by people

Question 29

An increase in stream velocity can be caused by a(n) ____.

A)increase in stream gradient
B)increase in channel roughness
C)decrease in stream capacity
D)decrease in stream energy

Question 30

Rills are ____.

A)ephemeral
B)underground streams
C)deposited on the inside of meander bends
D)glacial lake basins

Question 31

Oxbow lakes are associated with meander cut-offs.

Question 32

The depositional landform resulting from a stream flowing into a standing body of water is a point bar.

Question 33

Straight channels typically exist in glacial meltwater zones.

Question 34

Deltas commonly have ____.

A)potholes
B)distributaries
C)plunge pools
D)steep gradients

Question 35

Quantitative studies help us better predict ____.

A)flood hazards
B)stream capacity
C)corrosion
D)ephemeral flow

Question 36

Discharge is volume times velocity.

Question 37

The ground area between adjacent stream channels is called the ____.

A)contrafluve
B)hyperfluve
C)interfluve
D)perifluve

Question 38

The Mississippi River delta is what kind of delta?

A)contributary
B)arcuate
C)cuspate
D)bird's-foot

Question 39

The length of time between 100-year floods is ____.

A)50 years
B)100 years
C)1000 years
D)indeterminate

Question 40

The length of channels per unit area is called ____.

A)stream order
B)drainage density
C)stream discharge
D)stream gradient

Question 41

Channels that add their flow to a trunk stream are called ____________________.

Question 42

A meander cutoff filled with water forms a(n) ____________________.

Question 43

The ultimate base level for stream erosion is ____________________.

Question 44

Explain in detail all the changes that would occur in a stream if its base level first rose for a considerable length of time, and then permanently fell.

Question 45

The tiniest channels are called ____________________.

Question 46

A second-order stream forms from the intersection of two ____________________ streams.

Question 47

____________________ are artificial lakes impounded behind dams.

Question 48

What is a floodplain, how is it formed, and what features are typically found on one?

Question 49

____________________ is the most effective stream erosion process.

Question 50

A thin layer of unconcentrated surface water flow is called ____________________.

Question 51

The maximum amount of load that a stream can carry is known as stream ____________________.

Question 52

The bouncing of particles along the channel bottom is known as ____________________.