Deck 7: Valuing Work Force Diversity

Question 1

Kenneth's girlfriend accuses him of ethnocentrism.This means that Kenneth tends to

A) regard his own culture as better or more "correct" than other cultures.
B) believe that other cultures are better than his own.
C) display an attitude in favor of or against people based solely on primary or secondary dimensions.
D) make generalizations about all members of a particular group of people.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

In the opening Chapter 7 vignette, the production of PepsiCo's uniquely flavored snack products most demonstrates that valuing workers' and customers' diversity

A) can result in a competitive advantage through implementing diverse ideas that attract a wider market of consumers.
B) affects an organization's bottom line by decreasing costs associated with low productivity.
C) reduces consumers' and employees' complaints.
D) drives away skilled and talented employees.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

The process of creating an organizational culture where the primary and secondary dimensions of diversity are respected is known as

A) affirmative action.
B) the economics of valuing diversity.
C) managing diversity.
D) ethnocentrism.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Clashes related to ethnocentrism are more likely to arise in a workplace with increased diversity.

Question 5

Over recent years, the American economy has slipped into recession.In these times, it is possible to avoid fueling prejudices

A) by stiffening immigration laws and quotas.
B) if individuals of different racial and ethnic backgrounds but roughly similar socioeconomic backgrounds make efforts to relate with one another.
C) by outsourcing more jobs overseas.
D) if individuals focus less on primary dimensions of diversity and more on secondary dimensions.

Question 6

People can easily be discriminated against based on race because

A) race is a primary dimension of diversity that can't be changed.
B) racism is a conscious bias for most people.
C) genetic science categorically justifies that racial differences exist.
D) people have direct experiences with people from different racial groups.

Question 7

The most common and powerful stereotypes focus on observable personal attributes.

Question 8

Individuals' prejudices toward one another tend to increase during times of economic prosperity.

Question 9

Which of the following is an example of subtle discrimination?

A) Several 50-60 year old employees are given early retirement packages so that the organization can grow by hiring double the number of young job applicants.
B) Management neglects to respond to an African-American employee's complaints about receiving harassing emails.
C) Overweight employees are denied health care coverage for cost reasons.
D) The rest of Janice's management team is composed of men who schedule important meetings without her and limit her access to important documents.

Question 10

Rafael distrusts people with a New England accent because when he was a child, a person with that type of accent swindled his father in a car deal.This is an example of prejudice formed by

A) ethnocentrism.
B) cultural myopia.
C) childhood experience.
D) economics.

Question 11

Which of the following statements are true regarding age in the workplace?

A) Older workers are unable to adapt to the changing workplace.
B) Older workers have a more difficult time understanding the latest technology.
C) Older workers are productive, cost-effective employees.
D) Older workers cost companies more in health benefits.

Question 12

When thinking about what individual employees can do to enhance workplace diversity, it is important to remember that

A) it is more difficult for men than women to eliminate prejudices.
B) one cannot completely eliminate prejudices that have been held over a long period of time.
C) examining one's social conditioning only reinforces one's prejudices
D) being sensitive to differences between individuals indicates lingering prejudice.

Question 13

An individual demonstrates prejudice when he/she

A) monitors and analyzes his/her stereotypical views.
B) takes a critical and honest look at myths about peoples.
C) is able to manage his/her ethnocentrism.
D) makes judgments without examining the facts.

Question 14

When an individual creates a personal "diversity profile," the person is

A) counting the number of African Americans who work at his company.
B) assessing the diversity of his friends, coworkers, and acquaintances.
C) identifying trends among different ethnic and racial groups.
D) developing a relaxed attitude about cultural differences.

Question 15

What does it mean to value diversity?

A) Recognizing that everyone has differences.
B) Behaving as though individual and cultural differences don't exist.
C) Having an ethnically diverse management in the organization.
D) Respecting differences and encouraging every worker to make a full contribution to the organization.

Question 16

As organizations enhance diversity, which employment practice should they adopt?

A) Limit the race and gender of employees.
B) Recognize that subtle biases will always exist and not much can be done about them.
C) Design a plan that actively recruits men and women of different ethnicity, disabilities, and sexual orientation.
D) All of these.

Question 17

Individuals generally form their self-images based on certain primary dimensions of their choosing.

Question 18

Which of the following pieces of advice might you not offer to an organization whose diversity training efforts are ineffective?

A) Offer incentives to middle managers who incorporate diversity initiatives into hiring, development, and promotion decisions.
B) Offer voluntary training that advances organizational goals.
C) Hold leadership responsible for modeling behaviors that support diversity.
D) Make training mandatory, primarily to avoid liability in diversity lawsuits.

Question 19

Which of the following is a secondary dimension of diversity?

A) Gender
B) Religious beliefs
C) Physical abilities
D) Sexual orientation

Question 20

An individual's religious beliefs, ethnic customs, and communication style are all secondary characteristics of diversity.

Question 21

Upon arriving in a foreign country on a business trip, Maria thinks to herself "Wow.These people should take a lesson on hospitality from our people." Maria seems to be guilty of ____________________.

Question 22

How can training and development be used to enhance diversity in an organization?

Question 23

What are the economic costs of not appropriately valuing diversity?

Question 24

Jon's coworkers feel that his sense of humor and some of his behaviors are very prejudicial.Most likely, Jon is also aware of his prejudices against others.

Question 25

Older workers can defuse age bias by demonstrating up-to-date skills, flexibility, and reasonable pay expectations.

Question 26

Today, many low-paying service-sector jobs provide adequate health benefits to meet the needs of disabled workers.

Question 27

Race denotes a category of people who are perceived as distinctive on the basis of certain culturally inherited traits.

Question 28

Diversity consists of primary and secondary dimensions.Define these two terms, and offer three examples of each.Which dimensions and characteristics do you believe contribute most strongly to stereotypes?

Question 29

The 1964 Civil Rights Act established guidelines for the implementation of ____________________ in order to remedy the effects of past discrimination against groups protected under this law.

Question 30

Cutting off older workers from job-related training and career development opportunities is a form of subtle discrimination.

Question 31

The term "Hispanic" is a label of ____________________ that includes people descending from countries such as Spain, Mexico, Cuba, or Columbia.

Question 32

Some race categories include people who vary greatly in terms of ethnicity.

Question 33

Diversity training programs are most effective when they are mandatory and emphasize the consequences of discrimination.

Question 34

Health habits, religious beliefs, education and training, and general appearance are all known as ____________________ of diversity.

Question 35

Compare and contrast discrimination with subtle discrimination.

Question 36

The shift toward valuing diversity in today's organizations is driven by the changing demographics of the work force.

Question 37

____________________ are attitudes that favor, or are biased against, a people solely on the basis of their primary or secondary traits.

Question 38

Employers who expect gay and lesbian employees to keep their private lives under wraps at work are breaking federal laws.

Question 39

The more contact there is among culturally diverse individuals, the more likely it will be that stereotypes based on myths and inaccurate generalizations will not survive.