Deck 5: Planning: Infants and Toddlers

Question 1

The period between birth and two years of age is a time when children change very little.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

During infancy, the brain has the greatest capacity to grow, developing synaptic connections that affect lifelong development.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

By the end of the first year, infants are able to understand a great deal of language even though they may not use words yet.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

An infant-toddler program is a scaled-down version of preschool.

Question 5

Attachment is the affectional bond between infant and caregiver.

Question 6

The environment in an infant/toddler program should be restricted in order to ensure the safety of the children.

Question 7

Infants learn to trust themselves and others; Piaget called this stage in an infant's development trust versus mistrust.

Question 8

Parents frequently experience strong separation anxiety.

Question 9

Licensing requirements for an infant/toddler program will probably include a statement about sanitation.

Question 10

Adaptations for toddlers with special needs might include materials that offer challenges but also ensure some successes.

Question 11

Children under the age of two learn by experiencing their environment with all their senses.

Question 12

Children's cooperation in a routine can show the development of cognitive ability.

Question 13

An important characteristic of a caregiver for toddlers is patience.

Question 14

Language begins to develop during the second year and develops slowly.

Question 15

Erikson described the first two years in an infant's development as "trust versus mistrust."

Question 16

Babies are capable of forming strong attachments only to their mothers.

Question 17

Separation anxieties may be greater at naptime and when the children are tired.

Question 18

Any person can be an infant and toddler caregiver; no special skills are required.

Question 19

Because toddlers have short interest spans, activities and materials in their environment should be changed frequently.

Question 20

All children follow an exact pattern of development.

Question 21

Usually by about the age of __________ children have resolved their anxiety over separation.

A)six months
B)one year
C)two years
D)three years

Question 22

Children develop trust when

A)their needs are met consistently.
B)they reach their second birthday.
C)they have learned to trust themselves.
D)they are read to frequently.

Question 23

The reason for including materials that represent the children's culture is that

A)these items help to lay a foundation for identity.
B)parents insist upon it.
C)it is part of the program's goals.
D)it is important to the broader community.

Question 24

Children's use of spoken words usually begins around

A)7 months.
B)10 months.
C)18 months.
D)12 months.

Question 25

Recently, there has been an overall increase in Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) deaths.

Question 26

Which of the following materials will develop motor skills in infants or toddlers?

A)a mirror at floor level
B)a large ball
C)Blocks
D)a toy telephone

Question 27

Toddler rooms will likely not need provisions for toileting and handwashing for children.

Question 28

The stage during which children taste, touch, look at, and smell whatever they come into contact with was named the sensorimotor period by

A)Piaget.
B)Erikson.
C)Freud.
D)Montessori.

Question 29

Large motor areas are only found in the outdoor environment.

Question 30

A developmentally appropriate infant-toddler program is based on knowledge of the children's

A)All of these choices are correct.
B)physical abilities.
C)social abilities.
D)cognitive abilities.

Question 31

Creativity is defined in Chapter 4 as

A)using a variety of materials.
B)being able to draw a recognizable object.
C)a unique way of reacting to a situation.
D)the ability to stay within the lines in a coloring book.

Question 32

The word synchrony describes

A)a coincidence between two events.
B)sympathetic responses between infants.
C)the back-and-forth interaction between infants and adults.
D)the relationship between parent and caregiver.

Question 33

Sleeping on the back is the preferred position for infants.

Question 34

The word sensorimotor describes

A)a time during infants' day when caregivers hold them.
B)the age when infants learn by experiencing their environment with all their senses.
C)eating times because children tend to use their hands to pick up their food.
D)activities that require children to use their senses.

Question 35

An infant-toddler classroom should provide hiding areas behind low screens, under tables, and/or in large boxes.

Question 36

Toddler play areas should not have climbing equipment, as this encourages too much climbing.

Question 37

Safety is a dominant concern of parents in an infant-toddler program.

Question 38

The diaper area should be set up so that diapering can be done quickly and without distractions.

Question 39

A ____ area in an infant/toddler room would be suitable for developing relationships with adults.

A)diaper-changing
B)Block
C)Climbing
D)food preparation

Question 40

When caregivers talk to toddlers, they should

A)speak quietly.
B)use simple, short sentences.
C)listen more than talk.
D)model complex sentences.

Question 41

Goals for an infant-toddler program should

A)All of these choices are correct.
B)reflect current research.
C)be developmentally appropriate.
D)allow children to explore.

Question 42

MATCHING
a.affectional tie that binds one person to another and endures with time
b.based on knowledge of the physical, emotional, social, and cognitive abilities of the children served
c.Piaget's first stage of infant development, taking place from birth to age two, when children use all their senses to absorb the world around them
d.Erikson's first stage of infant development, in which children learn to trust themselves and others
e.space that is planned to encourage interactions between adults and children and among the children themselves
f.ability to change as needed
g.back-and-forth interaction between an infant and his or her parents or caregiver that is responsive to the baby's needs
h.objects and experiences that stimulate the senses
trust versus mistrust

Question 43

The neurons for vision are most active between

A)two and eight months.
B)two and three years.
C)18 and 24 months.
D)birth and two months.

Question 44

Safety precautions for an infant-toddler room should include

A)All of these choices are correct.
B)covers for electrical outlets.
C)secured, heavy furniture.
D)gates to close off hazardous areas.

Question 45

MATCHING
a.affectional tie that binds one person to another and endures with time
b.based on knowledge of the physical, emotional, social, and cognitive abilities of the children served
c.Piaget's first stage of infant development, taking place from birth to age two, when children use all their senses to absorb the world around them
d.Erikson's first stage of infant development, in which children learn to trust themselves and others
e.space that is planned to encourage interactions between adults and children and among the children themselves
f.ability to change as needed
g.back-and-forth interaction between an infant and his or her parents or caregiver that is responsive to the baby's needs
h.objects and experiences that stimulate the senses
psychosocial area

Question 46

The core of a good infant-toddler program is

A)an educated, stable staff.
B)good equipment.
C)a very large space.
D)a good group of infants.

Question 47

MATCHING
a.affectional tie that binds one person to another and endures with time
b.based on knowledge of the physical, emotional, social, and cognitive abilities of the children served
c.Piaget's first stage of infant development, taking place from birth to age two, when children use all their senses to absorb the world around them
d.Erikson's first stage of infant development, in which children learn to trust themselves and others
e.space that is planned to encourage interactions between adults and children and among the children themselves
f.ability to change as needed
g.back-and-forth interaction between an infant and his or her parents or caregiver that is responsive to the baby's needs
h.objects and experiences that stimulate the senses
attachment

Question 48

The environment can provide visual stimulation for an infant with

A)All of these choices are correct.
B)windows to look out of.
C)pleasing colors on the wall.
D)pictures placed at eye level.

Question 49

MATCHING
a.affectional tie that binds one person to another and endures with time
b.based on knowledge of the physical, emotional, social, and cognitive abilities of the children served
c.Piaget's first stage of infant development, taking place from birth to age two, when children use all their senses to absorb the world around them
d.Erikson's first stage of infant development, in which children learn to trust themselves and others
e.space that is planned to encourage interactions between adults and children and among the children themselves
f.ability to change as needed
g.back-and-forth interaction between an infant and his or her parents or caregiver that is responsive to the baby's needs
h.objects and experiences that stimulate the senses
synchrony

Question 50

MATCHING
a.affectional tie that binds one person to another and endures with time
b.based on knowledge of the physical, emotional, social, and cognitive abilities of the children served
c.Piaget's first stage of infant development, taking place from birth to age two, when children use all their senses to absorb the world around them
d.Erikson's first stage of infant development, in which children learn to trust themselves and others
e.space that is planned to encourage interactions between adults and children and among the children themselves
f.ability to change as needed
g.back-and-forth interaction between an infant and his or her parents or caregiver that is responsive to the baby's needs
h.objects and experiences that stimulate the senses
sensorimotor period

Question 51

MATCHING
a.affectional tie that binds one person to another and endures with time
b.based on knowledge of the physical, emotional, social, and cognitive abilities of the children served
c.Piaget's first stage of infant development, taking place from birth to age two, when children use all their senses to absorb the world around them
d.Erikson's first stage of infant development, in which children learn to trust themselves and others
e.space that is planned to encourage interactions between adults and children and among the children themselves
f.ability to change as needed
g.back-and-forth interaction between an infant and his or her parents or caregiver that is responsive to the baby's needs
h.objects and experiences that stimulate the senses
sensory input

Question 52

Independence in toileting can be facilitated by providing

A)All of these choices are correct.
B)low toilets.
C)low sinks.
D)steps for toilets or sinks.

Question 53

During the first two years, children's brains develop __________ connections that affect lifelong development.

Question 54

MATCHING
a.affectional tie that binds one person to another and endures with time
b.based on knowledge of the physical, emotional, social, and cognitive abilities of the children served
c.Piaget's first stage of infant development, taking place from birth to age two, when children use all their senses to absorb the world around them
d.Erikson's first stage of infant development, in which children learn to trust themselves and others
e.space that is planned to encourage interactions between adults and children and among the children themselves
f.ability to change as needed
g.back-and-forth interaction between an infant and his or her parents or caregiver that is responsive to the baby's needs
h.objects and experiences that stimulate the senses
developmentally appropriate infant-toddler program

Question 55

Erikson observed that through repeated experiences, babies learn that adults will be there when needed; this results in a feeling of

A)trust.
B)power.
C)dependency.
D)satisfaction.

Question 56

Adaptations for a child with special needs may include

A)All of these choices are correct.
B)materials that provide sensory stimulation.
C)orthopedic chairs.
D)clearing objects or obstacles to make areas safe.

Question 57

MATCHING
a.affectional tie that binds one person to another and endures with time
b.based on knowledge of the physical, emotional, social, and cognitive abilities of the children served
c.Piaget's first stage of infant development, taking place from birth to age two, when children use all their senses to absorb the world around them
d.Erikson's first stage of infant development, in which children learn to trust themselves and others
e.space that is planned to encourage interactions between adults and children and among the children themselves
f.ability to change as needed
g.back-and-forth interaction between an infant and his or her parents or caregiver that is responsive to the baby's needs
h.objects and experiences that stimulate the senses
flexibility

Question 58

Erikson's first stage of infant development is called

A)trust versus mistrust.
B)the sensorimotor period.
C)the oral stage.
D)the crying stage.

Question 59

Quality programs for infants and toddlers are designed

A)specifically to meet the needs of the children they serve.
B)to look like preschool programs.
C)to be cost-effective.
D)for aesthetic beauty.

Question 60

Motor skills develop fairly quickly during the first two years and in a(n) __________ sequence.

Question 61

When children say, "I can do it myself," they are saying __________.

Question 62

What are some materials that help toddlers develop social interaction skills?

Question 63

Children's separation anxiety may be greater during __________.

Question 64

When babies poke or prod each other, they are learning that __________.

Question 65

Music is critical to ___________ development

Question 66

Consistency of caregivers is an important aspect of a developmentally appropriate child care program.Discuss what directors can do to retain staff.

Question 67

The typical ratio of adults to children in an infant/toddler program is __________.

Question 68

_______ is integral to higher level thinking

Question 69

Describe procedures that facilitate both the parent and child's adjustment to separation.

Question 70

The development of trust occurs when babies learn __________.

Question 71

Flexibility in an environment refers to __________.

Question 72

Provide one crib on wheels in the infant room to __________.

Question 73

One way to help parents manage their anxiety about placing their infant in child care is to __________.

Question 74

What are some of the feelings parents have about placing their infant in child care?

Question 75

What are the general categories of requirements for licensing infant/toddler programs?

Question 76

A developmentally appropriate program should encourage language skills.Discuss some ways this can be implemented.

Question 77

Describe children's behavior during the sensorimotor period as they learn about their environment.

Question 78

Why is it important for children to develop attachments to their parents and caregivers?

Question 79

List some common household items that can be used by toddlers in an infant/toddler program.

Question 80

______________ establishes the foundation for all other developmental domains